Pemphredoninae

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Pemphredoninae
Psenulus fuscipennis

Psenulus fuscipennis

Systematics
Class : Insects (Insecta)
Order : Hymenoptera (Hymenoptera)
Subordination : Waist Wasps (Apocrita)
without rank: Digger wasps (Spheciformes)
Family : Crabronidae
Subfamily : Pemphredoninae
Scientific name
Pemphredoninae
Lepeletier , 1845

Pemphredoninae is a subfamily of the Crabronidae within the digger wasps (Spheciformes). According to Pulawski (2009), it comprises 37 genera in four tribes . In Europe the subfamily is represented with 107 species in 13 genera.

features

The small to medium-sized digger wasps are often black in color. Some species have a red colored abdomen base, some show yellow coloring. In many species the first sternite of the abdomen is shaped like a stalk. The rails ( tibia ) of the middle pairs of legs carry only one spur. The species that do not have a stalk-like abdominal base have only two submarginal cells in the forewings and often a significantly enlarged wing mark.

Way of life

The Pemphredoninae are among the most developed digger wasps and some of them already have bee-like behavior. The species of the genus Microstigmus are the only eusocial digger wasps. In some species, the females line their nests with a silk-like fabric. In some species, several defenseless food animals are collected and brought into the nest instead of one prey being hunted. The egg is then placed in the middle of this supply. In some species, the males perform a complicated courtship ritual before mating.

Systematics

All currently recognized recent subtaxa down to genus and European species are listed below:

supporting documents

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Wojciech J. Pulawski: Family group names and classification , Version May 22, 2009, Online (PDF; 113 kB), last accessed July 5, 2010
  2. ↑ Pemphredoninae. Fauna Europaea, accessed July 22, 2010 .
  3. ^ A b Manfred Blösch: The digger wasps in Germany: way of life, behavior, distribution . 1st edition. Goecke & Evers, 2000, ISBN 3-931374-26-2 , pp. 141 .

literature

  • Manfred Blösch: The digger wasps in Germany: way of life, behavior, distribution . 1st edition. Goecke & Evers, 2000, ISBN 3-931374-26-2 .