Psilocaulon
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Psilocaulon is a plant kind from the family of aizoaceae (Aizoaceae).
description
The species of the genus Psilocaulon are lying, prostrate or upright small shrubs with fibrous roots . Depending on the water supply, some species are short-lived to annual . The green rind of the internodes is to some extent succulent and contains additional vascular bundles. In most species, the internodes show a clearly fine horizontal groove. Their leaves are almost cylindrical or slightly triangular. They are arranged as opposed to one another, briefly fused together at their base or free and often provided with membrane-like edges on the leaf sheath. The leaves are annual and either fall off or dry up. There are no central water-storing cells. The bladder cells of the internodes and leaves are mesomorphic, arched, hair-like, or flattened.
The flowers form cymes and are rarely solitary. They have a diameter of 5 to 25 millimeters. There are four to five sepals that have grown together to form a short tube. The few, pink, brown-red, yellow or white petals are very briefly fused together or free. The thread-like staminodes are combined to form a cone. The nectaries are narrow, shell-shaped or absent.
The four to five-compartment, strong capsule fruits have downwardly curved flaps. The capsule fruits contain ocher-colored to brown, sometimes dark- colored seeds with a rough to smooth seed coat . They are 0.5 to 1.2 millimeters long.
Systematics and distribution
The genus Psilocaulon is distributed in the Karoo in winter and summer rain areas in southern Angola , Australia , Namibia and the South African provinces of Eastern Cape , Free State , North Cape , and Western Cape .
It was first described in 1925 by Nicholas Edward Brown . The genus Psilocaulon belongs to the subfamily Mesembryanthemoideae within the family of aizoaceae . The type species is Psilocaulon articulatum .
The genus Psilocaulon includes the following species:
- Psilocaulon articulatum (Thunb.) NEBr.
- Psilocaulon bicorne (Sond.) Schwantes
- Psilocaulon coriarium (Burch. Ex NEBr.) NEBr. : It occurs in Namibia and in South Africa.
- Psilocaulon densum N.E.Br.
- Psilocaulon dimorphum (Welw. Ex Oliv.) NEBr.
- Psilocaulon dinteri (Engl.) Schwantes
- Psilocaulon foliosum L. Bolus
- Psilocaulon gessertianum (Dinter & A.Berger) Dinter & Schwantes
- Psilocaulon granulicaule (Haw.) Schwantes
- Psilocaulon junceum (Haw.) Schwantes : It occurs only in South Africa.
- Psilocaulon leptarthron (A.Berger) NEBr.
- Psilocaulon parviflorum (Jacq.) Schwantes
- Psilocaulon salicornioides (Pax) Schwantes
- Psilocaulon subnodosum (A.Berger) NEBr.
proof
literature
- Gideon Smith et al. a. (Ed.): Mesembs of the World: Illustrated Guide to a Remarkable Succulent Group . Briza Publications, 1998, ISBN 1-875093-13-3 , pp. 48 .
- Heidrun EK Hartmann (Ed.): Illustrated Handbook of Succulent Plants: Aizoaceae FZ . Springer Verlag, Berlin / Heidelberg / New York 2001, ISBN 3-540-41723-0 , pp. 230 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Gardeners' Chronicle . 3rd episode, London 1925, Volume 78, p. 433.
- ↑ Heidrun EK Hartmann (Ed.): Illustrated Handbook of Succulent Plants: Aizoaceae FZ . Springer Verlag, Berlin / Heidelberg / New York 2001, ISBN 3-540-41723-0 , pp. 230-236 .
- ^ A b Psilocaulon in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved October 22, 2018.
Web links
- Psilocaulon in the Red List of South African Plants