Pterichis
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Pterichis is a genus from the family of the orchid (Orchidaceae). It consists of 35 types of herbaceous plants that are native to South and Central America.
description
The species of the genus Pterichis are terrestrial, clumpy plants. The roots are fleshy. The one or two basal leaves are oval to lanceolate. They wilted when they were in bloom.
The racemose inflorescence arises from the side of the leaves. The peduncle is long, stiff and hairy, it is covered with a few bracts . The flowers are not resupinated . The ovary is sessile or stalked and hairy. The sepals are equal to one another, fleshy, inclined together, free or the lateral basal ones are somewhat fused together. The petals are free, spread out, or with the tip adjacent to the dorsal sepal. The lip is fleshy, slightly heart-shaped, sessile, the sides curved up and encompassing the column , with various papillae on the edge. The column is short, winged on the side. The scar consists of one and, according to Garay, two separate surfaces. The stigma sits ventrally (in the non-resupinated flower that is directed upwards) and is slightly raised, flat or sunken. The stamen is small and straight, with parallel chambers, it is located dorsal to the column. The four pollinia are club-shaped, with a grainy texture, they hang on a small, round adhesive disc (Viscidium). The stamen is covered almost completely like a hood by the tissue of the column (clinandrium), the edges of which are rolled up. The separating tissue between the stamen and the stigma (rostellum) sits at the end of the column and is straight and narrow.
Occurrence
Pterichis occurs mainly in the Andes. The distribution area extends from Costa Rica and Panama in the north to Argentina in the south. Pterichis proctori occurs in Jamaica. The species occur at altitudes of 2900 to 4300 meters. They colonize damp grasslands and bushes.
Systematics and botanical history
The genus Pterichis was established by Lindley in 1840 . The name is derived from the Greek πτερόν pteron for "wing" and refers to the wide lip. Type species is Pterichis galeata .
Pterichis is classified within the tribe Cranichideae in the subtribe Cranichidinae . Related genera are Baskervilla , Cranichis , Ponthieva and Prescottia .
There are 35 known species:
- Pterichis acuminata Schltr. : It occurs from western South America to Venezuela.
- Pterichis andrei Kolan. & Szlach. : The species first described in 2013 occurs in Colombia.
- Pterichis bangii Rolfe : It occurs in Bolivia.
- Pterichis boliviana Schltr. : It occurs from Bolivia to northwestern Argentina.
- Pterichis cajamarcae Kolan. : The species first described in 2015 occurs in Peru.
- Pterichis colombiana G. Morales : It occurs in Colombia.
- Pterichis diuris Rchb.f. : It occurs from northwestern Venezuela to Peru.
- Pterichis elliptica Kolan. & Szlach. : The species first described in 2015 occurs in Ecuador.
- Pterichis fernandezii G.Morales : It occurs in Colombia.
- Pterichis galeata Lindl. : It occurs from Costa Rica to western South America and to Venezuela.
- Pterichis habenarioides (F.Lehm. & Kraenzl.) Schltr. : It occurs from Costa Rica to Venezuela and Ecuador.
- Pterichis herrerae Kolan. : The species first described in 2014 occurs in Costa Rica.
- Pterichis isabeliana Szlach. & Kolan. : The species first described in 2013 occurs in Colombia.
- Pterichis latifolia Garay & Dunst. : It occurs in Venezuela.
- Pterichis lehmanniana Kolan. & Szlach. : The species first described in 2013 occurs in Colombia.
- Pterichis leucoptera Schltr. : It occurs in Peru.
- Pterichis macbridei Kolan. : The species first described in 2015 occurs in Peru.
- Pterichis macroptera Schltr. : It occurs in northeastern Peru.
- Pterichis mandonii (Rchb.f.) Rolfe : It occurs in Bolivia.
- Pterichis meirax Rchb.f. ex Szlach. & Kolan. : It occurs in Ecuador.
- Pterichis moralesii Kolan. & Szlach. : The species first described in 2013 occurs in Colombia.
- Pterichis multiflora (Lindl.) Schltr. : It occurs from northwestern Venezuela to northwestern Argentina.
- Pterichis parvifolia (Lindl.) Schltr. : It occurs in Costa Rica and from southwestern Colombia to Peru.
- Pterichis pauciflora Schltr. : It occurs in Costa Rica and from Colombia to Ecuador.
- Pterichis proctorii Garay : It occurs in Jamaica.
- Pterichis sagittata Kolan. & Szlach. : The species first described in 2013 occurs in southwestern Colombia.
- Pterichis saundersii Kolan. : The species first described in 2014 occurs in Peru.
- Pterichis saxicola Schltr. : It occurs in Bolivia.
- Pterichis silvestris Schltr. : It occurs in Peru and Bolivia.
- Pterichis tomentosula Schltr. : It occurs in Colombia.
- Pterichis triangularilabia Kolan. & Szlach. : The species first described in 2013 occurs in Colombia.
- Pterichis triloba (Lindl.) Schltr. : It comes from Colombia to Peru.
- Pterichis tunguraguona Rchb.f. ex Szlach. & Kolan. : It occurs in Ecuador.
- Pterichis weberbaueriana Kraenzl. : It occurs in Peru.
- Pterichis yungasensis Schltr. : It occurs in Bolivia.
See also
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d Alec M. Pridgeon, Phillip Cribb, Mark W. Chase, Finn Rasmussen (eds.): Genera Orchidacearum. Orchidoideae (Part 2). Vanilloideae . tape 3 . Oxford University Press, New York / Oxford 2003, ISBN 0-19-850711-9 , pp. 53-56 .
- ^ Leslie A. Garay: 225 (1). Orchidaceae (Cypripedioideae, Orchidoideae and Neottioideae) . In: Gunnar Harling, Benkt Sparre (ed.): Flora of Ecuador . tape 9 , 1978, ISSN 0347-8742 , p. 181 .
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Pterichis. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved July 19, 2018.
- ↑ Gerardo A. Salazar, Mark W. Chase, Miguel A. Soto Arenas, Martin Ingrouille: Phylogenetics of Cranichideae with emphasis on Spiranthinae (Orchidaceae, Orchidoideae): evidence from plastid and nuclear DNA sequences . In: American Journal of Botany . tape 90 , no. 5 , 2003, p. 777-795 .