Prescottia

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Prescottia
Prescottia stachyodes, illustration

Prescottia stachyodes , illustration

Systematics
Order : Asparagales (Asparagales)
Family : Orchids (orchidaceae)
Subfamily : Orchidoideae
Tribe : Cranichideae
Sub tribus : Cranichidinae
Genre : Prescottia
Scientific name
Prescottia
Lindl.

Prescottia is a plant genus in the family of orchids (Orchidaceae). The approximately 17 species are common in the Neotropic .

description

Vegetative characteristics

The species of the genus Prescottia are terrestrial, perennial herbaceous plants . The roots , which arise in clusters, are hairy, fleshy and often bulbously thickened. The leaves are in a basal rosette, they are clearly or barely stalked. The fleshy leaf blade is oval.

Generative characteristics

The terminal, racemose inflorescence is usually long, upright, covered with a few bracts and hairy in the upper area. It bears numerous small flowers that are close together. The ovary is sessile and hairy glandular. The flowers are not resupinated .

The hermaphrodite flowers are zygomorphic and threefold. The bracts are thin in texture. The three sepals are mostly bowl-shaped grown together at the bottom, the free part is spread out or turned back. The petals are narrow and fused with the base of the sepals. In contrast to the other bracts, the lip is fleshy, it is spread over the flower in the shape of a hood or shell. At the base it is abruptly narrowed (nailed) and fused with the pedestal, where it forms a nectarium together with the base of the other petals . The column is short and fleshy, winged in front, at the base briefly reaching beyond the point of attachment at the ovary (column foot). The scar consists of only one surface. The stamen contains four floury pollinia .

The capsule fruits are oval.

ecology

In the case of Prescottia densiflora , bees from the Halictidae family have been observed as flower visitors, who are attracted by scent and nectar . Other species are self-pollinating.

Occurrence

Prescottia is distributed from Florida and Mexico southwards across Central America and the Caribbean Islands to the northern half of South America. The southernmost occurrences are found in Argentina, Paraguay and Uruguay. Altitudes up to 3000 meters are settled. The locations are mostly in the shade of forests or bushes.

Systematics and botanical history

Prescottia oligantha
Prescottia plantaginifolia

The genus Prescottia was established in 1824 by Lindley (in the spelling Prescotia ). The generic name Prescottia honors the British doctor and botanist John D. Prescott (1760-1837). Type species is Prescottia plantaginifolia .

The genus prescottia belongs to subtribe cranichidinae from the tribe cranichideae in the subfamily Orchidoideae within the family of Orchidaceae . The genus gave its name to the subtribe Prescottiinae, in which Prescottia was combined with some of the genera native to the highlands of the Andes. However, these are not particularly closely related to Prescottia .

There are around 24 species of Prescottia :

No longer counted in this genus:

See also

literature

  • James D. Ackerman: Prescottia . In: Flora of North America . tape 26 , p. 519 ( efloras.org ).
  • Leslie A. Garay: 225 (1). Orchidaceae (Cypripedioideae, Orchidoideae and Neottioideae) . In: Gunnar Harling, Benkt Sparre (ed.): Flora of Ecuador . tape 9 , 1978, ISSN  0347-8742 , p. 174 .
  • Alec M. Pridgeon, Phillip Cribb, Mark W. Chase, Finn Rasmussen (Eds.): Genera Orchidacearum. Orchidoideae (Part 2). Vanilloideae . tape 3 . Oxford University Press, New York / Oxford 2003, ISBN 0-19-850711-9 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c James D. Ackerman: Prescottia . In: Flora of North America . tape 26 , p. 519 ( efloras.org ).
  2. ↑ a b c d e f James D. Ackerman, Alec Pridgeon: Prescottia . In: Genera Orchidacearum. Volume 3, pp. 47-50.
  3. ↑ a b c Leslie Garay: Prescottia. In: Flora of Ecuador. Volume 9, p. 174.
  4. ↑ a b c d e Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Prescottia. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved March 25, 2020.
  5. ↑ Lotte Burkhardt: Directory of eponymous plant names. Extended Edition. Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin, Free University Berlin Berlin 2018. [1]
  6. ↑ Gerardo A. Salazar, Mark W. Chase, Miguel A. Soto Arenas, Martin Ingrouille: Phylogenetics of Cranichideae with emphasis on Spiranthinae (Orchidaceae, Orchidoideae): evidence from plastid and nuclear DNA sequences . In: American Journal of Botany . tape 90 , no. 5 , 2003, p. 777-795 .

Web links

Commons : Prescottia  - album with pictures, videos and audio files