Nonsense
A Quatze was a type of live fish transport boat common on the Pomeranian coast. There were lake quatzen for use on the open Baltic Sea and Haffquatzen that were used in the Haffs and Bodden waters . Liggers were used for stationary storage of live fish in the ports. A distinction must be made between the Quatzen, the Quasen , a type of fishing boat that used to be common on the Schleswig-Holstein coast .
In Great Britain , similar ships were known as well smack (German for example: well cutter or shaft cutter). Unlike the sea squares, they were used for fishing and transport.
Sea squatting
shipbuilding
The sea squats are proven in the 1860s among the boatmen on Rügen . They were about 15 to 17 m long sailing ships , the first a little smaller, later a little bigger. They had a 5 to 8 m long hold that had a large number of holes about one centimeter in diameter in the ship's bottom and in the side walls. This hold, the " Bünn ", could be divided by several bulkheads . Up to 140 quintals of fish could be taken in.
The Quatzen's hull, made of clinker construction , was wide and had a greater draft than that of cargo sailors . Seaquatzen had a single pole mast up to 80 cm thick with a single narrow foresail and a large gaff sail . After the First World War , some Quatzen were equipped with motors. Most of the Quatzen were built in Wollin , others in Ueckermünde , Neuwarp and Wolgast . The last wooden sea squares were built shortly before the First World War.
After that there were still a few buildings made of steel with machine drives, but their design was no longer comparable with the Pomeranian Quatze.
use
Seequatzen were used to transport fish that had been bought up outside the home waters to the German Baltic Sea ports. The season usually began in March or April with trips to Sweden , followed later by trips to the Baltic states or Denmark , and occasionally to Norway and Finland . Smaller Quatzen were left in front of the fishing ports as buyers, while the larger so-called sailing quarters took over the transport to Germany. At times, up to a hundred Pomeranian Quatzen were lying in front of a port during the season. At first the Quatzen belonged to their skippers, but later they were bought by larger shipping companies .
Depending on the season, pike , pikeperch , roach , perch and eel were traded. The transport of the live cargo required great care, because too much movement and current in the holds would kill the fish. Therefore the Quatzen could only sail slowly. In the event of long delays on the journey due to unfavorable weather conditions, many fish could also perish.
The keeping of the fish in the Quatzen has been proven since the 17th century. After a heyday around 1900, the Quatzenfahrt declined before the First World War and was completely abandoned in the 1920s. With the increasing spread of ice cream factories , it became possible to transport the fish refrigerated and to reduce the high losses during the travels of the quatzen. Other reasons were export restrictions in many Baltic Sea bordering states that wanted to process the fish themselves, and the increasing pollution of the Baltic Sea, which had an impact when it was transported in open containers, especially when entering the heavily polluted port waters.
Haffquatzen
Haffquatzen or Polten were smaller than the seaquatzen. They were used as fishing boats in the coastal and inland waters and, in contrast to the sea squats, took part in fishing themselves. The use of the term Quatze for this variant is questionable, however, since the name only refers to transport vehicles and not fishing boats. It is no longer possible to determine whether this was done by later authors.
Ligger
Liggers were small boats used to store the fish, especially the eel, brought in by the seaquasses. Like the Quatzen, they had a riddled trunk. At first they lay in the ports of landing to take the Quatzen cargo and store it alive. Given the increasing levels of pollution, they were later moved to waters outside the port where clearer water could flow through the hull.
See also
Web links
literature
- Wolfgang Rudolph: The island of the boatmen. Rostock 2000, ISBN 3-356-00855-2
- Helmut Olszak, Michael son: From Polten and Quatzen. Hennigsdorf 2016, ISBN 978-3-00-052098-3