Ice cream factory
An ice factory produces ice for cooling purposes for breweries , restaurants , households, dairies and similar customers.
predecessor
Before the advent of ice factories, natural ice was used that was either sawn or broken from the natural environment - for example from ice ponds (e.g. in Graz near Eisteichgasse and in the Reininghaus brewery ) and lakes such as Lake Zell (Salzburg) - or was produced by ice works or on ice gallows . In addition, large quantities of natural ice were exported from Norway to England, Germany, France, Holland and other nations. Because of the uncleanliness and the growing demand, these methods have been replaced by production in ice cream factories.
development
The development of steam engines and further technical progress made it possible from around 1870 to drive machines that were used to compress the gases of carbonic acid , sulphurous acid or ammonia . So you could make ice with a cooling machine all year round . The main developer and manufacturer of these ice machines was Linde AG , headed by Carl von Linde . Rudolf Diesel was also employed there for a long time until he left the company to develop new engines. With the ice machines, many ice cream factories came into being. Its own ice cream industry developed.
The ice machines were also used for air conditioning and for ice skating. In Theodor Fontane's novel Effi Briest , the pharmacist Gieshübler circulates the rumor that an ice cream machine will be transported to Morocco as an official gift from a political envoy , and does not meet with disbelief.
With the introduction of mobile ice transporters and, from around 1950, the electric refrigerators , the number of ice cream factories declined. Up until the 1970s, it was still common practice to deliver ice cream bars to the catering trade .
Today only a few ice cream factories have survived. Some have specialized in special products such as very transparent or evenly opaque ice for ice sculptures .
Ice factory in the film
In the film Beyond Eden, starring James Dean , some key scenes take place in an ice cream factory.
Bremerhaven Eiswerk GmbH
The company, founded in 1912, is one of the few ice cream factories that is still in operation today. The company, based in the fishing port of Bremerhaven (formerly Geestemünde), was originally founded to supply ice to deep-sea fishing and the fish processing industry.
Ice cream factory in Berlin-Mitte
Main article: Ice cream factory (Berlin-Mitte)
One of the last remaining facilities of this kind is the ice cream factory in Berlin-Mitte on the site on Köpenicker Straße , which was built in 1896 by Norddeutsche Eiswerke AG on the Spree on the old Berlin wood market and only stopped production in 1995. The facility is now a listed building , but is to be demolished and replaced by a glass building.
Ice cream factories in Hanover
Main article: Heuweg works
On the site of the former Germania brewery and the later Heuweg works , the "Hannoversche Eishaus- und Waren -kauf-Gesellschaft mbH", the ice factory art and culture center was established in 1970 .
Ice cream factory in Strasbourg
Main article: Ice cream factory (Strasbourg)
Parts of the technical equipment of the ice cream factory in Strasbourg have been preserved and are currently (as of May 2012) integrated into a hotel that is housed in the listed building.
literature
- C. Linde : The Berlin cold stores of the society for market and cold stores . (PDF; 11.3 MB) In: Journal of the Association of German Engineers , November 1, 1902, pp. 1643–1651, ISSN 0341-7255 .
- W. Pohlmann: The ice cream factory of Hermann E. Mudrack in Berlin-Reinickendorf-Ost. In: The refrigeration industry. Volume 25, Issue 1, 1927, pp. 2–9, ZDB -ID 501474-8 .
- New construction of the ice works and cooling halls St. Pauli-Fischmarkt GmbH Hamburg. In: Wasmuth's monthly magazine for architecture . Volume 10, Issue 12 (1926), urn : nbn: de: kobv: 109-opus-8044 , pp. 501-513.
Web links
- History of the United Ice Factory and Cold Warehouses in Vienna
- oldest ice machine in the world in Auer-Mühlbach
- Ice cream factories in Berlin
Individual evidence
- ↑ tasan: Since Norge var verdens største eksportør av naturis. In: Rundt om Drammen. December 4, 2018, accessed on July 9, 2020 (nb-NO).
- ↑ history. Bremerhavener Eiswerk GmbH, accessed on March 27, 2019 .
- ^ Hugo Thielen : ice cream factory. In: Klaus Mlynek, Waldemar R. Röhrbein (eds.) U. a .: City Lexicon Hanover . From the beginning to the present. Schlütersche, Hannover 2009, ISBN 978-3-89993-662-9 , p. 157.