Rabet (park)

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The Rabet [ ʀaˈbeːt ] is a district park in the east of Leipzig . It was created in its current form between 2004 and 2007 as part of the urban redevelopment strategy to improve the living environment in the east of Leipzig. For this purpose, the earlier started demolition of old buildings to gain space was continued.

In the Rabet district park (2016)

Location and layout

The Rabet district park is located in the Neuschönefeld district , which belongs to the Neustadt-Neuschönefeld district in the east district. It is bounded in the east by Hermann-Liebmann-Strasse, in the south by Strasse Rabet, in the west by Neustädter Strasse and in the north by the buildings on Eisenbahnstrasse. Its length is 430 meters, and the width is between 60 and 150 meters. Its area is 9.6  hectares . In favor of the park area, several streets were given up, the Martha-, the Thümmel-, the Melchior-, the Rosen-, the Reinhart- and the Otto-Runki-Straße completely as well as the western section of the Konradstraße. When the south side of Marthastraße and the houses on the north side of Rabet street were demolished, Volkmarsdorfer Flur was also included.

The terrain has a hilly structure. The center is a large open meadow. Tree and shrub plantings are concentrated in the peripheral areas. An exactly one kilometer long, slightly blackberry-colored, curved, wide strip of asphalt forms a circular route. The planners named it amoeba .

There are play areas for children, volleyball and basketball courts, but also benches to relax and linger. The open leisure center “Rabet” located in the park with its multifunctional hall and other rooms offers opportunities for events, sports and leisure activities.

  • The Amoeba Loop (2016)

  • The basketball court (2016)

  • Playground with slide (2016)

  • Swings - international (2016)

  • The Leisure Club (2016)

history

Field name

Die Flur Das Rabeth on a map from 1802

The name Rabet goes back to the designation of a 50 hectare area between the former villages of Schönefeld and Reudnitz , which was first documented in the 16th century . It belonged to the Schönefeld manor and was essentially deserted with bushes that was only used for agriculture from the middle of the 17th century.

Entry in Zedler's Universal Lexicon , Volume 30 from 1741

Several approaches compete for the origin of the name: from the Slavic robota for '( compulsory ) work' or the Latin rubetum for 'blackberry bushes'. A third explanation derives the name from the French-Dutch word Rabeth (, discounts , Randbeet ') ago. The Latin name could come from the student language . By the middle of the 17th century, the Leipzig red light district is said to have come together with the students here. As early as 1584, the Schönefeld pastor Peter Letz described the Rabet as "the whores and boys Campus Elysius , or rather their Venusberg [...], because the studios have the best playground around Leipzig".

Correspondingly, Johann Heinrich Zedler's Universal Lexicon from 1741 records the swear word "Rabeth-whore", which he attributes to "sometimes lewd women and lousy rabble" who "use these shrubs and trees for their fornication". In a land map from 1775 between Leipzig and Schönefeld there is the designation "Hurenberg", which does not necessarily indicate prostitution, since "Huren" in field names can also refer to very wet meadows and pieces of wood at moats or ponds. The archivist Jörg Ludwig considers the Latin origin to be the most likely in the yearbook of Leipzig city history . The reddish-blackberry-colored asphalt of today's park circuit also refers to it.

residential area

View of Melchiorstrasse in Neuschönefeld 1975

With the construction of the Leipzig-Dresden Railway in the 1830s, initially along Eisenbahnstrasse, the Rabet was divided. Residential development began south of the railway in the middle of the century, and Neuschönefeld emerged, which was incorporated into Leipzig in 1890. The Leipzig historian and archivist Gustav Wustmann (1844–1910) campaigned for the old field name to be retained , and so a street in Neuschönefeld was given the name Rabet.

park

Demolition of land at the end of the 1970s

Due to the extensive use of the building land, no green area remained in the entire district. During the Second World War , there was hardly any destruction in Neuschönefeld, but after the war the old building deteriorated rapidly. These two circumstances prompted the city administration in 1975 to resolve this discrepancy by demolishing areas and creating an amusement park . The demolition began in 1976, during which 565 residential units and 3,180 m² of commercial space were removed. A large open area was created with play and sports facilities.

In 2001/2002 the conceptual district plan of East Leipzig was drawn up, which provided for the expansion and redesign of the park. The Berlin architectural office Lützow 7 emerged victorious from an expert opinion , whose design was specified in cooperation with the City Planning Office, Green Space Office, Office for Urban Renewal and Housing Promotion and the Rabet Working Group and was implemented from May 2004, so that the park described above could be handed over in 2007. When the City of Leipzig Architecture Prize was awarded in 2009, the project received a “Honorable Mention”. The park area increased by about three hectares during the expansion, which was done through land purchases and demolition of houses on the edges of the park. After the two demolition periods, only 30 of the former 240 houses remained of the former Neuschönefeld. One of the formerly most densely populated parts of the city is now mainly a park area.

The historic gym of the Leipziger Löwen sports club, located on the edge of the park, was burned down in March 2008. In press reports, a connection with the so-called gang war among bouncers around the Leipzig disco scene was suspected. The city of Leipzig then built a new club sports and leisure hall for 4.5 million euros, which was inaugurated in April 2013.

The Rabet continues to be a focus of crime. The park has been in the Leipzig gun ban zone since November 2018 (i.e. the carrying of weapons and other dangerous objects that are legal under the Gun Act is prohibited there). In the list of "dangerous places" by the Saxon Ministry of the Interior in 2019, the Rabet district park is named as a transshipment point for all kinds of drugs. In addition, crimes against life have been recorded repeatedly, such as almost fatal knife stabs.

novel

The turning novel Rabet - Or the Disappearance of a Cardinal Direction by the writer Martin Jankowski (* 1965) has the earlier Rabet of the 1980s and the demolished districts in its vicinity as the setting. The author himself lived between 1985 and 1987 in the house Rabet No. 15, which was one of the few that escaped demolition and today houses a café with a patio by the park.

literature

  • Petra Mewes, Peter Benecken: Leipzig's Green - A Park and Garden Guide . Passage-Verlag, Leipzig 2013, ISBN 978-3-938543-49-8 , pp. 155-157 .
  • Horst Riedel, Thomas Nabert (ed.): Stadtlexikon Leipzig from A to Z . 1st edition. Pro Leipzig, Leipzig 2005, ISBN 3-936508-03-8 , pp. 433 .
  • Jörg Ludwig: Discounts - Robota - Rubetum? Notes on the Leipzig field name Rabet . In: Leipzig city history. 2015 yearbook . Sax-Verlag, Beucha Markkleeberg 2016, ISBN 978-3-86729-172-9 , p. 121-130 .
  • Gina Klank, Gernoth Griebsch: Lexicon of Leipzig street names . Ed .: City Archives Leipzig. 1st edition. Verlag im Wissenschaftszentrum Leipzig, Leipzig 1995, ISBN 3-930433-09-5 , p. 174 .

Web links

Commons : Rabet  - collection of images

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Johann Heinrich Zedler: Large complete universal lexicon of all sciences and arts . Volume 30, 1741. Digitized version of the entry .
  2. ^ Jörg Ludwig, p. 126
  3. ^ Peter Schwarz: The millennial Leipzig . tape 3 . ProLeipzig, Leipzig 2015, ISBN 978-3-945027-13-4 , pp. 192/193 .
  4. ↑ Rabet 1978 vs. 2016. In: Wortblende. Retrieved August 4, 2016 .
  5. ^ Architecture awards since 1999. In: Website of the city of Leipzig. Retrieved August 4, 2016 .
  6. ↑ Neuschönefeld “Else and Now”. In: word aperture. Retrieved August 4, 2016 .
  7. ^ Siegbert Wagner: Doorman Milieu - Gang War in LE In: Spiegel Online , March 11, 2008.
  8. ↑ Mathias Orbeck: "Free sport!" In the east of Leipzig - Halle am Rabet finished. In: Leipziger Volkszeitung , April 16, 2013.
  9. ^ Gun prohibition zone in the city of Leipzig. Police Directorate Leipzig, August 2018
  10. ↑ Saxony's first weapon ban zone set up in Leipzig. In: Leipziger Volkszeitung , November 5, 2018.
  11. ↑ Report of the Ministry of the Interior - These are Leipzig's dangerous places. In: Leipziger Volkszeitung , January 9, 2019.

Coordinates: 51 ° 20 ′ 38 ″  N , 12 ° 24 ′ 10 ″  E