Reudnitz (Leipzig)

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Wilhelminian style house in Reudnitz (Koehlerstrasse / Kapellenstrasse)

Reudnitz is a district in the east of the Saxon city of Leipzig . The former municipality of Reudnitz was an independent regional authority east of Leipzig from 1838 to 1888. It included the district of the same name with the old village of Reudnitz. Since the municipal subdivision in 1992, the greater part of Reudnitz together with Thonberg forms the district Reudnitz-Thonberg ; the northern part with the former settlement core was assigned to the statistical district Neustadt-Neuschönefeld . Reudnitz is best known today for the Brauhaus zu Reudnitz , the former Riebeck brewery.

Leipziger Brauhaus zu Reudnitz as seen from Mühlstrasse

location

Reudnitz is about 2 kilometers east of Leipzig city center. Ludwig-Erhard-Strasse (which used to be called Grenzstrasse) ,gerichtsweg and Prager Strasse represent the historical border to the Ostvorstadt and formed the field boundary between Reudnitz and what was then Leipzig until the 19th century. In the north, the Rabet and Bernhardiplatz separate Reudnitz from Neuschönefeld and Volkmarsdorf . The border to Anger (-Crottendorf) runs roughly at the beginning of Wurzner Straße, on Breiten Straße, Cichoriusstraße, Eilenburger and Oststraße. The Sommerbad Südost is located in the easternmost corner of the Reudnitz district, south of it and east of Schönbachstraße borders Stötteritz . In the south, Reudnitz stretches to Stötteritzer Strasse, south of which is Thonberg .

The Reudnitz district has an area of ​​212 hectares.

history

As a village

The village of Reudnitz on a map from 1802

The village of Reudnitz was probably created by Slavic settlers on the western bank of the (Eastern) Rietzschke . The original village center of Reudnitz was in the area of ​​today's Kohlgartenstrasse. It was first mentioned in a document on September 1, 1248, when Margrave of Meissen Heinrich III. (1216–1288) donated three and a half Hufen land to the Benedictine convent of St. Georg in Leipzig and the “Rudeniz” fish pond. The rulers were the Margraves of Meissen and later the Albertine dukes, electors and kings of Saxony . Within the Saxon state, the village of Reudnitz belonged to the Leipzig district office .

In 1525, the City Council of Leipzig bought the village of Reudnitz, one of the "cabbage gardens", from the brothers Leonhard and Conrad von Merseburg, as well as the neighboring "Tutzschendorf" (also "Dutschendorf" or "Titzschendorf" - a neighboring settlement founded by Germans that is located in today's triangle of Dresdner, Kapellenstrasse and Koehlerstrasse). In the following centuries, the two settlement areas merged with each other. In the Saxon Meilenblatt from 1802 there is still the name "Tietschen Dörfgen".

The cake garden at the beginning of the 19th century

After the end of the Seven Years' War (1763), many wealthy citizens of the nearby town in Reudnitz had country houses built. There were various restaurants here, including the cake garden , which Goethe also visited when he was a student in Leipzig and sang about it in his ode to the cake baker Hendel . The French Emperor Napoléon Bonaparte (1769–1821) lived in the country house of the banker Vetter from October 14 to October 16, 1813 (in the run-up to the Battle of Nations ). In 1835, the village had 11  5 / 9 Magazine hooves land, 52 houses and 621 inhabitants.  

As a rural community

Through the Saxon rural community order of 1838 , the village of Reudnitz became a rural community with the right to self-administration. Wilhelm Felsche moved his chocolate production to Reudnitz in 1841. In the middle of the 19th century the population increased by leaps and bounds: as early as 1847 the place had 3000 inhabitants. Until then, Reudnitz was still characterized by vegetable growing, and industrialization began in the second half of the century . Christian Mansfeld started with his factory for sewing and printing machines, founded in 1855 in Mühlstrasse. Another important employer was to become the Leipziger Bierbrauerei zu Reudnitz , founded by Adolf Schröder in 1862 , which was taken over by Carl Adolf Riebeck in 1871 and developed into one of the largest breweries in Germany.

With 7,644 inhabitants, Reudnitz had grown into the largest rural community in Saxony in 1864. The 4-hectare Neu-Reudnitz area in the south of the community (south of Mühlstrasse and west of Oswaldstrasse) was separated from Reudnitz as an independent rural community in 1864 (but reunited with it as a result of the incorporation in 1890). As early as 1866, the Reudnitz municipal council proposed contractual incorporation into the city of Leipzig, which the Leipzig city council rejected at the time. From 1873 to 1888 the municipality of Reudnitz was part of the Leipzig District Administration . During this time the population of Reudnitz continued to grow rapidly: in 1888 it reached 22,500.

Eilenburg train station (1905)

After horse omnibuses had been driving from Leipzig to Reudnitz since 1860, the first Leipzig tram station, the Reudnitzer tram route and the associated depot with the seat of the Leipzig Horse Railway (LPE) in Reudnitz were put into operation on May 18, 1872 . The publisher Friedrich Wilhelm Benedikt Hofmeister made his country house available. Horse trams initially ran here, which were replaced by electric trams in 1897. Another important traffic junction was the Eilenburg train station , opened in 1874 , through which the town got its own connection to the railway network. The tracks on the Leipzig – Eilenburg railway line have since cut Reudnitz into a northern and a southern part. In the period that followed, other industrial companies settled there. Due to its proximity to the graphic quarter , Reudnitz also developed into a publishing and printing location. The publisher Herrmann Julius Meyer moved his Bibliographisches Institut (known for Meyer's Konversations-Lexikon , Brehms Tierleben and Duden ) from Hildburghausen in Thuringia here in 1874 .

Stephaniplatz with Reudnitz town hall, around 1900

The Evangelical Lutheran St. Mark's Church was built on Dresdner Strasse from 1882 to 1884 in the neo-Gothic style by building officer Gotthilf Ludwig Möckel . The Reudnitz community also built its own town hall on Stephaniplatz, which ironically was inaugurated shortly after it was incorporated into Leipzig in 1889.

As a district of Leipzig

On January 1, 1889, the Reudnitz community, which had long since grown together with the eastern suburb of Leipzig, was incorporated into the city of Leipzig. At that time, Reudnitz had 25,496 inhabitants, comprised 812 residential buildings, over 70 factories with around 4,700 jobs, 18 printing works and 13 publishing houses. At the same time, the neighboring Anger-Crottendorf was incorporated, and Neu-Reudnitz , which was still independent at the time, followed a year later.

On the initiative of the Leipzig St. Vincentius Association, founded in 1855, the Catholic parish church of St. Laurentius with the Vincentius Foundation of the Gray Sisters was built on Witzgallstrasse in 1892/1893 . After the provost church of St. Trinitatis was destroyed in the Second World War , it is now the oldest post-Reformation Catholic church in Leipzig.

Meyer houses on Hofer Strasse

Most of the residential development in Reudnitz was built in the Wilhelminian era and consists of mostly four-storey apartment buildings in block perimeter development . On the initiative of the publisher Herrmann Julius Meyer , one of the four residential complexes was built on Hofer Strasse in eastern Reudnitz between 1903 and 1908, which were intended to enable inexpensive and healthy living, the so-called Meyer houses . The building association to procure low-cost housing was built 1912-13 north of Stötteritzer road cooperative apartment buildings. Between 1924 and 1930, the city of Leipzig built a settlement with 1,054 residential units between Riebeck and Hofer Strasse.

During the Second World War, several of the streets near the city center as well as the Eilenburg train station and the Reudnitz town hall were destroyed in the bombing of December 4, 1943 .

During the GDR era, apartment blocks for workers' housing cooperatives (AWG) were built on Dresdner Strasse in the 1960s . The old buildings were torn down from 1975 to make way for new residential complexes. The Markuskirche was also closed in 1973 due to construction defects, on February 25, 1978 it was blown up "for structural reasons", as it was called in the language at the time. In 1985-87, a housing estate in prefabricated construction according to WBS 70 with 880 apartments was built on Kreuzstrasse .

Since the municipal subdivision in 1992, most of the former municipality of Reudnitz has belonged to the Reudnitz-Thonberg district in the southeastern district . The former town center, located north of Dresdner Strasse, was assigned to the Neustadt-Neuschönefeld district (eastern district).

Lene Voigt Park

In the 1990s, new commercial complexes were built on disused factory and demolition sites on Kohlgartenstrasse and Lutherstrasse. The Reudnitz tram station was closed in 1998 and then demolished except for an administration building. A new district center (Kaufland Center) was built on the site from 2000. During this time, the disused railway facilities at the Eilenburg train station were redesigned into the 7-hectare Lene-Voigt-Park , which was awarded an international prize in 2002 for the “renewal of urban public spaces”. The Cäcilienpark was inaugurated in 2018 on a former fallow land that was created by the demolition of ailing houses in the former Neu-Reudnitz .

As a result of these urban development measures and the extensive renovation of the old building stock, the social structure of Reudnitz is subject to constant changes. In the 1990s the quarter was considered a social hotspot and stronghold of neo-Nazis, today it is popular with many students and young professionals to live in. The novel “As we dreamed” by the Leipzig writer Clemens Meyer is largely set in the district and describes the life of a group of adolescents in the post-reunification Leipzig.

schools

  • August-Bebel-School (primary school)
  • Wilhelm Busch School (primary school)
  • 125th school (high school)
  • Humboldt School (grammar school)

Sons and daughters

Other personalities

literature

  • Otto Moser: Chronicle of Reudnitz. Reudnitz-Leipzig in its past and its present, chronical-statistical representation based on archival and official sources. Max Hoffmann Verlag, Leipzig-Reudnitz 1890 ( digitized version )
  • Thomas Nabert & Christoph Kühn: Reudnitz. A historical and urban study. Leipzig 1997

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Rudolf Hänsch: Heimatatlas for Leipzig. 17th edition, Julius Klinkhardt, Leipzig 1929, pp. 4, 7.
  2. ^ André Loh-Kliesch: Reudnitz (district) , in: Leipzig-Lexikon.
  3. ^ Karlheinz Blaschke , Uwe Ulrich Jäschke : Kursächsischer Ämteratlas. Leipzig 2009, ISBN 978-3-937386-14-0 ; P. 60 f.
  4. ^ Kurt Pannicke: Leipzig suburbs - Reudnitz. In: Leipziger Blätter , Volume 1 (1982), pp. 42-43.
  5. ↑ Tützschendorf (Tutschendorf) , digital gazetteer of Saxony.
  6. ^ University of Leipzig-Leben in Leipzig. Retrieved October 4, 2016 .
  7. ^ Trainspotting in Leipzig-Ost Deutschlandradio Kultur Online , October 5, 2008

Web links

Commons : Reudnitz-Thonberg  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Coordinates: 51 ° 20 '  N , 12 ° 24'  E