Anger-Crottendorf

Anger-Crottendorf district of Leipzig
Coordinates	51 ° 20 '6 "  N , 12 ° 24' 39"  E Coordinates: 51 ° 20 '6 "  N , 12 ° 24' 39"  E.
height	120  m
surface	1.86 km²
Residents	11,837 (Dec. 31, 2018)
Population density	6364 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation	Jan. 1, 1889
Postcodes	04318, 04315
prefix	0341
Borough	east
Transport links
railroad	Engelsdorf – Connewitz
Train	S 3
tram	4, 7
bus	70, 72, 73
Source: District Catalog of the City of Leipzig 2010 Quarterly Statistical Report IV / 2011

Anger and Crottendorf on a map from 1802

Anger-Crottendorf is a district of Leipzig in the eastern district. It was first created in 1883 as an independent municipality through the union of the two villages of Anger and Crottendorf and was incorporated into Leipzig in 1889. During the municipal reorganization of the city in 1992, the majority of the districts Anger and Crottendorf as well as the Volkspark Stünz became the district Anger-Crottendorf (official district number: 22) with small boundary deviations 11,837 residents as of December 31, 2018.

geography

location

Anger-Crottendorf is about 2.5 km east of the city center of Leipzig. Its neighboring districts are Sellerhausen - Stünz , Mölkau , Stötteritz , Reudnitz-Thonberg , Neustadt-Neuschönefeld and Volkmarsdorf, clockwise from the north . In its eastern part, Anger-Crottendorf contains part of the floodplain area of ​​the Eastern Rietzschke .

The district of Anger-Crottendorf, which is defined for administrative and statistical purposes according to the municipal subdivision of 1992, is not identical to the area of ​​the former municipality of the same name. It encompasses most of the Anger and Crottendorf districts, the southern part of the Stünz district (with the Stünz Volkshain ) and small parts of the Reudnitz district. Conversely, the corner of the district of Anger located north of Wiebelstraße was assigned to the district of Volkmarsdorf and the parts to the west of Breiten Straße and south of the former railway line from Eilenburger Bahnhof were assigned to the district of Reudnitz-Thonberg.

The historical border between the districts of Anger and Crottendorf runs along the Zweinaundorfer, Borsdorfer and Bernhardstraße: Anger was to the south and west of it (with the Breite Straße, the school in the Martinstraße and the Ostfriedhof ), Crottendorf to the north and east (with the Trinity Church and the School in Karl-Vogel-Strasse).

Location typical

Anger-Crottendorf shows hardly any features of its village history because of its early urban development, which results from its proximity to the city. Since the shutdown of industrial companies after the fall of the Wall, it has been a purely residential area. The residential development includes buildings from the early days to the present. The district was neither a proletarian residential area nor a residential area for the wealthy bourgeoisie. Villas are almost completely absent.

A characteristic of Anger-Crottendorf are the numerous railway lines that touch or cut the area. As a result, the number of connections to neighboring parts of the city is limited, but also within the area. The Eilenburger Bahn ran in the south, and bridges with ramps were built in Riebeckstrasse and Martinstrasse to cross it around 1900. To the east, only two streets cross under the railway lines, Zweinaundorfer and Theodor-Neubauer-Straße. The area around Wichernstrasse lies between the railway lines Leipzig Hbf – Leipzig – Connewitz and Leipzig – Engelsdorf – Leipzig – Connewitz .

The Sternsiedlung Ost located east of the Ostfriedhof , on the corridor border to Mölkau, is a specialty. Built between 1933 and 1935, it was one of three housing developments in Leipzig based on the same principle. Six halves of the house on a star-shaped floor plan form a unit.

Urban green

Anger-Crottendorf has a lot of green despite its location close to the center. First of all, there are the numerous allotment garden associations that emerged from the vegetable cultivation fields in the Rietzschkeaue at the beginning of the 20th century. As the “Southeast allotment garden” they are part of the “Eastern Rietzschke” nature reserve.

The Bromme monument in Ramdohrschen Park

In the old district boundaries of Anger and Crottendorf there are two relatively small parks that have emerged from former villa gardens. The Ramdohrsche Park on the Breiten Straße was formerly part of a farm used by the commission bookseller Franz Wagner as a summer residence, and the Lilo Herrmann Park between Zweinaundorfer and Theodor-Neubauer-Straße belonged to the former villa of the manufacturer Karl Krause . The monument to the rear admiral and commander of the first German imperial fleet, Karl Rudolf Bromme , who was born in Anger in 1804, is located in Ramdohrschen Park .

Anger-Crottendorf received a significant addition to the park with the addition of the Volkshain Stünz (Stünzer Park) to the district. This 12.9 hectare park with large meadows, beautiful trees and a pond, located south of Stünz in the Rietzschkeaue, was created by the city of Leipzig in 1898 after it had acquired this site for this purpose.

The park-like urban east cemetery between Zweinaundorfer and Oststraße on the southern boundary of the district also belongs to the urban green area. It developed from the village cemetery of Reudnitz and Crottendorf and is today the second largest communal cemetery in the city with 19.8 hectares.

history

As a village

In 1535 the village of Anger was first mentioned in writing as "auff dem Anger". Until 1552 it was subordinate to the Georgenkloster in Leipzig and from that point on to the council of Leipzig, it became one of the council villages.

Crottendorf, first mentioned in 1350 as "Cratendorf", belonged to the Zweinaundorf manor until 1590 and then became Ratsdorf. From then on, the two villages had practically the same history. Their main task was to supply the city of Leipzig, which is why they were also called cabbage garden villages.

The green tavern around 1880

In the Thirty Years' War there was considerable devastation in the cabbage garden villages, just as the villages were included in the acts of war in the Battle of Nations . From around 1820, however, the two villages became a popular excursion destination for the people of Leipzig. The restaurants such as the Kleine Kuchengarten , Zum Lämmchen, Drei Mohren and the Grüne Schänke , which was mentioned as early as 1699, played an important role.

The children from Anger and Crottendorf went to school in Reudnitz until 1831, which has already been mentioned for 1691. Then both villages jointly built a school in Anger at the junction of Zweinaundorfer Weg from Angerschen Dorfstrasse (since 1901 at the corner of Breite Strasse and Zweinaundorfer Strasse). Because the schoolhouse soon became too small, a larger building was built on the same site in 1873, which was initially attended by 226 students. When the school in Martinstrasse was finally completed in 1885, it served as the seat of the municipal office and from 1889 until it was demolished in 1910 as the Anger-Crottendorf police station.

After the Saxon rural community order was introduced in 1839 , municipal council elections could be held. On the occasion of this, the royal district management proposed to unite Anger, Crottendorf and Reudnitz. All three communities refused. Until 1856, Anger and Crottendorf were part of the electoral and royal Saxon district offices of Leipzig . From 1856 both places belonged to the Leipzig I court office and from 1875 to the Leipzig District Administration .

Horse trams at the Kleiner Kuchengarten

In 1860 the horse-drawn bus service from Leipzig to the Grüner Schänke was started, which was replaced in 1872 by the "Leipzig Horse Railway" to the "Small Cake Garden" in Anger. This was extended to Zweinaundorfer Straße in 1880. In 1868 there were the first gas lamps in the main street of Anger, and in the years 1864–75 the first up to four-story apartment houses were built.

In 1873 Karl Krause started building his factory for paper processing and printing machines, which was to remain the largest company in Anger-Crottendorf until the end of 1994. Several other companies followed quickly. In 1878 there were already eleven companies with almost 300 employees (150 of them at Karl Krause) as well as eight garden centers, eight pubs and four bakeries.

The 1870s were also the time of railway construction in and around Anger and Crottendorf. In 1874, rail operations in the direction of Eilenburg began , and in 1878 the so-called Hofer connecting line from Dresden station to Connewitz was opened.

In 1883 the two villages merged to form the municipality of Anger-Crottendorf. This had long since assumed urban character and was finally incorporated into Leipzig together with Reudnitz in 1889 as the first of the villages surrounding Leipzig.

As a district

The interim church ("wooden dome")

In 1892 Anger-Crottendorf became its own parish after it had been parish to Schönefeld until then. Not least due to the increasing population, a church had to be built quickly. It was therefore decided to build an interim church, which had already been completed in 1891 on Gartenstrasse (from 1906 on Karl-Krause-Strasse, now Theodor-Neubauer-Strasse). According to plans by Paul Lange , a cross-shaped half-timbered building was built, which was popularly known as the “wooden cathedral” and in 1895 was given the name Trinity Church .

In 1891 the Grüne Schänke was demolished and behind the residential buildings that were now being built on the street a splendidly furnished new building was erected as "Mehnert's Concert and Ballrooms", but which soon bore the name of the Grüne Schänke again.

In 1897 the electric tram service to Anger-Crottendorf was started, initially to the "Albertgarten", Herbartstraße, and then in 1928 to the Ostfriedhof. In the north of Anger the XXX was established in 1898/99. District school on Karl-Vogel-Strasse, and at the Anger-Crottendorf-Reudnitz cemetery (today Ostfriedhof) a chapel and morgue were built.

The Karl Krause machine factory around 1900

In 1903 there was a major fire in the Karl Krause machine factory. The damage was quickly repaired and the business continued to grow. In 1905 the factory had 1,140 workers and civil servants.

Various building cooperatives and associations built new residential areas before and after the First World War (e.g. Posadowskyanlagen, Krönerstrasse, Stünzer Strasse). Beyond the Ostfriedhof, in the easternmost tip of Crottendorf (directly on the border with Mölkau), the star settlement was built from 1933 to 1936 according to plans by Rudolf Ladewig . In keeping with the zeitgeist of the time, their streets were named after cities in Saarland .

Today's Trinity Church

In 1937 the main fire station east was inaugurated, in which 19 firefighters were on duty around the clock. During the Second World War, the fire station was partially destroyed, but has since been restored.

The interim church was also destroyed by bombs in 1943 and, despite several attempts, could not be replaced by a new building. That happened now after the Second World War. The church was consecrated on June 4, 1950 (on Trinity). The church is one of the 49 emergency churches that were built after the war as type projects based on a design by Otto Bartning to replace buildings in major German cities on the initiative of the aid organization of the Evangelical Church in Germany . Bricks from the broken St. John's Church were used.

During the bombing raid on Leipzig on February 27, 1945 , there was also extensive damage to residential buildings and businesses in Anger-Crottendorf as well as deaths. In the modest structure after the war, new blocks with 620 apartments, a kindergarten and a department store were built in the mid-1960s .

With the takeover of Leipzig by the Soviet occupying power in July 1945, the dismantling of machines began in the Karl Krause machine factory as part of the reparations payments . In 1948 the company was expropriated and in 1960 part of the VEB Buchbindereimaschinenwerke Leipzig, which from 1970 belonged to the Kombinat Polygraph Werner Lamberz . In 1990 the combine was dissolved and the companies were privatized individually. The former Karl Krause factory survived until 1994. The empty factories were demolished and the site leveled. A wild growth of birches and bushes developed. A plan to develop with a residential area has not yet been implemented.

Since the mid-1990s, however, there has also been a lively renovation of old and new buildings and the construction of residential and commercial buildings in Anger-Crottendorf. With the municipal reorganization of Leipzig in 1992, Anger-Crottendorf, which had previously belonged to the southeastern district, was assigned to the eastern district as a district with the district number 22.

Population development

While in 1552 and 1764, respectively eleven and ten "possessing men" were given for Anger and Crottendorf and in 1832 Anger and Crottendorf had 19 houses, the table shows that Anger developed significantly faster than its neighboring village from the middle of the 19th century .

Population of Anger and Crottendorf as well as the district

	1800	1818	1834	1864	1871	1875	1880	1885	1900	1910	1925	1933	2005	2007	2009	2015	2019
Anger	120	170	240	679	1055	1487	2482
Crottendorf		115	222	333	334	464	589
Anger-Crottendorf								4680	15789	19745	23638	24310	10010	9196	9347	11024	12057

The population development in Anger-Crottendorf since 1991 in relative units.

The decrease in the number of inhabitants in the second half of the 20th century is likely to be due, among other things, to the decreasing occupancy density of the still predominant old-style apartments, which visibly fell into disrepair due to the lack of renovation work during the GDR era. In 1999 the population of the district reached its lowest level since 1900. Since then the population has been increasing again, up to 12057 inhabitants in 2019.

Infrastructure

traffic

Train

Although several tracks lead or led through Anger-Crottendorf, the district only got access to rail traffic in 1969 with the construction of the S-Bahn station Anger-Crottendorf. This was set up on the route east of the main train station , which used the "second connecting line" to Connewitz and then the long-distance tracks of the Leipzig – Hof railway line . There was a direct connection (line A , later S1 ) to Leipzig main station (8 minutes travel time). For most of the operation there was a 20-minute cycle. A train stopped for the last time at the Leipzig Anger-Crottendorf stop (abbreviation: LACF) on November 24, 2012; On November 25, 2012, the Leipzig Hbf – Leipzig-Connewitz railway line on the section between Leipzig Hbf and Leipzig-Stötteritz was shut down. The railroad tracks will be dismantled and a high path for pedestrians and cyclists called "Parkbogen Ost" will be planned.

New construction of the S-Bahn station on the Güterring

On December 15, 2013, in the course of the opening of the Leipzig City Tunnel, a complete realignment of the S-Bahn Central Germany was implemented. As part of the additional network measures, a new stop was built on the Leipzig-Engelsdorf – Leipzig-Connewitz railway line, which runs further east . The platform towards the city center was built on the old route to the Eilenburg train station . The platform in the direction of Wurzen is on the embankment facing the street. Although this enables a direct connection to Wurzen for the first time, the new route in the direction of the main train station has been relocated south into the city tunnel via Stötteritz, which increases the travel time to the main train station. However, a direct connection to the historic city center was created with the underground stations of the tunnel.

As part of a project to renew seven railway overpasses on the Leipzig-Engelsdorf - Leipzig-Stötteritz section, the Anger-Crottendorf stop is also being rebuilt. The stop is expected to have a central platform with a lift from Zweinaundorfer Straße from 2021. In the south, the new platform will also have a second access, which will create an access to Lene-Voigt-Park by means of a pedestrian underpass .

Tram and bus

Anger-Crottendorf can be reached by tram lines 4 and 7 via Breite and Wurzner Straße . Tram traffic on Zweinaundorfer Straße was stopped in 1997. Bus lines 72 and 73 now run from the main train station to the further eastern parts of the city. The north-east-south bus route 70 touches Anger-Crottendorf on the Breite Straße.

Private transport

With the Breiten Strasse and the Wurzner Strasse, busy roads only affect the district, but still ensure good road traffic connections. Historically, Wurzner Straße is part of the old trading route Via Regia , while Breite Straße emerged from Angerschen Dorfstraße. The most important street through the district is the Zweinaundorfer Straße. The old Crottendorfer Dorfstrasse became today's Theodor-Neubauer-Strasse.

education

There are two primary schools in Anger-Crottendorf , the 25th school in Martinstrasse (also known as Martinschule), which was inaugurated in 1885, and the 74th school in Friedrich-Dittes-Strasse. The latter is a prefabricated building from the GDR era. It was opened in 1981 as the 74th polytechnic high school and has been operated as the 74th school - elementary school - since 1992.

In 1981 the Leipzig language healing school , which had existed in Leipzig since 1952, moved into a new building on Friedrich-Dittes-Straße. Since 2002 this facility has been called the Käthe Kollwitz Support Center / Speech Therapy School .

Until the end of the 1990s, the one from XXX was on Karl-Vogel-Strasse. The Richard Wagner School that emerged from the district school, grammar school (mostly called Riwa for short). The historic building was extensively renovated in 2014–2016 and now houses the Käthe Kollwitz language therapy school that was moved here .

At the location of the former Hermann-Liebmann-Schule, a school complex with a four-class high school and a four-class grammar school is currently being built under the name "Quartiersschule Ihmelsstraße" (as of 2020). This also includes a sports hall for every school. Completion is planned for 2022.

Personalities

• Walter Andrae (1875-1956), building researcher and Near Eastern archaeologist
• Karl Rudolf Brommy (actually: Karl Rudolf Bromme; 1804–1860), rear admiral and commander of the first German imperial fleet, was born in Anger
• Karl Haubenreißer (1903–1945), actor
• Conrad Hermann (1819–1897), philosopher and university professor, was born in Anger
• Karl Krause (1823–1902), entrepreneur, built up his paper processing and printing machine business in Anger from 1873
• Clemens Meyer (* 1977), writer
• Felix Skoda (1894–1969), painter and graphic artist
• Rudolf Skoda (1931–2015), architect

literature

• Anger-Crottendorf. A historical and urban study. PRO LEIPZIG 1999.
• Horst Riedel: Stadtlexikon Leipzig from A to Z. PRO LEIPZIG, Leipzig 2005, ISBN 3-936508-03-8

Web links

Commons : Anger-Crottendorf  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• Anger-Crottendorf in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
• Anger in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
• Crottendorf in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
• Information website My district of the city of Leipzig for Anger-Crottendorf

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Official city map of Leipzig. Retrieved November 13, 2019 .  , Levels of districts and subdistricts call
2. ↑ Anger-Crottendorf district profile. City of Leipzig, accessed on May 4, 2019 . 
3. ^ Rudolf Hänsch: Heimatatlas for Leipzig. 17th edition, Julius Klinkhardt, Leipzig 1929, p. 7.
4. ↑ ^{a b c d} Digital Historical Directory
5. ^ Karlheinz Blaschke , Uwe Ulrich Jäschke : Kursächsischer Ämteratlas. Leipzig 2009, ISBN 978-3-937386-14-0 ; P. 60 f.
6. ↑ The Amtshauptmannschaft Leipzig in the municipal register 1900
7. ↑ ^{a b c} Anger-Crottendorf. A historical and urban study. PRO LEIPZIG 1999
8. ↑ District catalog of the city of Leipzig 2010
9. ^ City of Leipzig: Leipzig Information System> Small-scale data> City district profile East> City district profile Anger-Crottendorf. Retrieved April 5, 2020 . 
10. ↑ Idea for a huge mountain trail. S-Bahn route in the east of Leipzig ... Leipziger Volkszeitung , online at Deutsche Sachwert Kontor AG, October 22, 2011, accessed on February 26, 2012 . 
11. ↑ Jens Rometsch: Parkbogen Ost is gaining momentum. In: Leipziger Volkszeitung from April 17, 2013, p. 15
12. ^ Leipzig network for urban nature : Parkbogen Ost
13. ^ Renewal of 7 railway overpasses in the Leipzig Engelsdorf - Stötteritz section, conversion of the Anger-Crottendorf stop. Retrieved May 7, 2019 . 
14. ↑ Pictures from July 26th, 2020 | Anger-Crottendorf stop | New construction stations | Leipzig, reconstruction of the railway junction | A look behind the scenes | Construction site documentation - behind the scenes. Retrieved August 12, 2020 .