Rückmarsdorf

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Burghausen-Rückmarsdorf
City of Leipzig
Coordinates: 51 ° 20 ′ 38 "  N , 12 ° 15 ′ 40"  E
Area : 7.1 km²
Residents : 4791  (December 31, 2018)
Population density : 675 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : January 1, 2000
Incorporated into: Leipzig
Postal code : 04178
Area code : 0341

Rückmarsdorf was an independent regional authority from 1838 to 1993 and is now a district of Leipzig . From 1994 to 1999 it belonged to the municipality of Bienitz , since 2000 Rückmarsdorf and Burghausen have formed what is today the district of Burghausen-Rückmarsdorf in the Leipzig district of Alt-West.

location

Western edge of Rückmarsdorf from Bienitz seen from
View from the Wachberg to the east
Dölzig Burghausen Böhlitz-Ehrenberg
Frankenheim Neighboring communities Lindenau
Lindennaundorf Großmiltitz , Grünau Schönau

The place lies between the east bank of the Zschampert stream (between Großmiltitz in the south and Burghausen in the north) on the western slope of the Dehlitz -Rückmarsdorfer terminal moraine . Rückmarsdorf is located south of the old country road from Merseburg to Leipzig (today as Bundesstraße 181 ( B 181 ), in the village of Merseburger Straße and Sandberg ) between Dölzig in the northwest and Lindenau in the east.

The territory of Rückmarsdorf is characterized by the hills Sandberg (127 meters high) and Wachberg (134 m high).

General story

Rückmarsdorf and surroundings, 1595.
Rückmarsdorf and the surrounding area, 1828
View around 1850
Rückmarsdorf on a map from 1891
Postcard from Rückmarsdorf, before 1920

History until 1900

The first traces of settlement along the Zschampert come from around 5,000 BC. Chr. To 600 n. Chr. Laid Slavic settlers on the south edge of the wax Bergs a round village on.

The first indirect documentary mention of Rückmarsdorf comes from the year 1091: The then Bishop Werner von Merseburg transferred " Gundtorff together with all accessories" as feudal lord to the Peterskloster . The unnamed Rückmarsdorf was also part of the accessories - the so-called abbey villages. Rückmarsdorf was first mentioned by name on November 8, 1285, when the Margrave of Landsberg Friedrich Tuta sold the jurisdiction of Markranstadt , which also included Ricmarsdorph , to the diocese of Merseburg . Until the secularization as part of the Reformation , Rückmarsdorf belonged to the manor of the Merseburg Peterskloster. After the conversion of the diocese into a secular pen functioned 1562 to 1656, the electors of Saxony the Dukes of, 1656-1738 Saxony-Merseburg and 1738 to 1918, the electors (since 1806 Kings) of axes as a ruler. Rückmarsdorf belonged to the office of Schkeuditz both within the Merseburg Monastery and in the Duchy of Saxony-Merseburg .

Rückmarsdorf suffered greatly from the effects of the Thirty Years' War in the 17th century . In 1628 (as later also in 1682/83) the place was ravaged by the plague , in 1632 and 1645 the place was plundered by the troops of Heinrich von Holk and Carl Gustav Wrangel . In 1641, Rückmarsdorf was destroyed by fire to about 50%, a third of the population was killed. Another fire in 1669 destroyed six farmsteads and the rectory . In 1721 a fire again destroyed the rectory and 17 farmsteads, all of the chronological records on the location stored in the rectory were lost.

A water mill was to be found in Rückmarsdorf between 1704 and 1925 , the operation was secured by the mill pond, which was filled in in 1930, as well as a small artificially created mill ditch that connected the Zschampert with the pond. In 1832 a windmill was also built on the Wachberg, which existed for about 100 years.

On May 2, 1813, there was a skirmish between Prussian troops led by General Friedrich von Kleist and French units. With the Vienna Treaty of January 10, 1815, which annexed most of the Schkeuditz office to the Kingdom of Prussia , Rückmarsdorf and the smaller eastern part, which remained with the Kingdom of Saxony , came to the Leipzig district office . In 1835 the official village comprised 31 ½ Magazinhufen land, 44 houses and 231 residents. With the Saxon rural community order of 1838, which came into force on May 1, 1839, Rückmarsdorf became a rural community and received the right to self-government . From 1873 to 1952, the rural community of Rückmarsdorf belonged to the Leipzig district administration .

History from 1900

Around 1900 multi-storey settlement houses were built in several places in the village , which led to an increase in the population. In 1904 the village church was extensively renovated. Among other things, the nave was enlarged, the church tower was raised by five meters to 25 meters and equipped with new bells , a new altar made of Cotta sandstone was built (the art-historically valuable altarpiece in the shape of a wing from the early 16th century had already been expanded and secured beforehand ), the organ was renewed and enlarged, and the interior of the church was redesigned. On December 1, 1910, Rückmarsdorf had 737 inhabitants.

In 1928/29 a new town hall with neo-Gothic stepped gables was built on a plot of land acquired on the Sandberg , designed by Arthur Carius. In Art Deco style building dating from 1919 were private apartments on the upper floors. Since the incorporation of Rückmarsdorfs to Leipzig, u. a. the local council and the Heimatverein Rückmarsdorf eV Between 1932 and 1940, two kilometers east of the old town center, the so-called Bahnhofsiedllung was built ; after the expansion of the railway facilities, around 700 residents settled here. From 1933 to 1942, construction was carried out on the unfinished Elster-Saale Canal , which affects Rückmarsdorf in the northeast. In 1939 the Rückmarsdorf buildings were given house numbers .

From 1952 to 1993 Rückmarsdorf was part of the Leipzig district .

On December 31, 1993, the community of Rückmarsdorf was 4.21 square kilometers. On January 1, 1994 Rückmarsdorf founded together with Burghausen and Dölzig the community of Bienitz as part of the district of Leipziger Land . On 23 July 1998 the decided Saxon parliament , the urban-rural law Leipzig , that the incorporation of the district Rückmarsdorf in the city of Leipzig envisaged on January 1, 1999th The Bienitz community, which was to be dissolved, filed an objection, which was rejected by the Saxon Constitutional Court on July 9, 1999 .

On January 1, 2000, Rückmarsdorf was incorporated into the city of Leipzig together with Burghausen. Since then, the former municipality belongs to the district of Burghausen-Rückmarsdorf in the district Alt-West . Dölzig was reclassified along with Kleinliebenau to Schkeuditz in the Delitzsch district , now the Northern Saxony district . The Dölziger district Priesteblich was assigned to Markranstädt in the district of Leipziger Land (now district of Leipzig ).

Infrastructure

traffic

In 1830 the busy Merseburg-Leipzig long-distance and trade route north of Rückmarsdorf - today the B 181 , which has been part of the Via Regia since the Middle Ages - was expanded. Between 1925 and 1940 there were three petrol stations in the village , and a bus line ran on this route. On September 15, 1906, the local station for passenger and goods traffic with its own signal box was inaugurated, later expanded several times. From 1990 the station became less and less important: Freight traffic was stopped, the associated buildings and tracks were gradually demolished, and the last signal box was dismantled in 1999. Since 2000 there have only been two main tracks, the train station was downgraded to a stopping point , and the reception building including ticket issuance was closed in the same year. Long-distance trains pass through Rückmarsdorf.

For today's individual traffic , Rückmarsdorf can be reached via the federal motorway 9 , exit Leipzig-West, and from there the B 181 (Leipzig – Merseburg).

Bus routes 62 (Grünau – Rückmarsdorf – Böhlitz-Ehrenberg), 130 (Angerbrücke – Lindenau – Rückmarsdorf – Frankenheim) and 131 (Leipzig Hauptbahnhof – Lindenau – Rückmarsdorf – Nova – Merseburg shopping center) run through Rückmarsdorf. The trains on the RB20 line ( Leipzig – Großkorbetha line ) also stop in Rückmarsdorf.

service

line Route in the timetable year 2019
RB 20 Leipzig Hbf - Leipzig-Möckern - Leipzig-Leutzsch - Leipzig-Rückmarsdorf - Leipzig-Miltitz - Markranstädt - Bad Dürrenberg - Großkorbetha - Weißenfels - Naumburg (Saale) Hbf - Bad Kösen - Bad Sulza - Apolda - Weimar - Erfurt Hbf - Gotha - Eisenach (operated by Abellio Rail Central Germany )

Water and energy supply

In 1891 a gas pipeline network was laid in Rückmarsdorf, and between 1911 and 1920 the place was electrified . In 1913 the construction of a waterworks and a pipeline network for the extensive drinking water supply of the place began. The water tower , which was built in 1914/15 and is no longer used today, is located on the summit of the Wachberg . The pumping station built at the same time was modernized in 1930, and in 1984 it was connected to the long-distance water network of the city of Leipzig, and the local systems were closed.

Industry, trade and commerce

Halberg cast
Löwen-Park shopping center

On today's federal highway 181 - within the village with the street name Sandberg - the restaurant Gasthof zum Sandberg an der Linde existed between 1830 and 1965 . Originally built as a relaxation area on the Via Regia , the restaurant was expanded to include a hall at the end of the 19th century. Until the currently preserved and listed building was closed, the building was a central point of contact for local cultural events. At the local train station there had been a restaurant at the train station since 1906 , a popular excursion restaurant for a long time, which continued under various names until after 1990.

From 1890 onwards, as part of industrialization , production sites of various companies were established, especially in the eastern outskirts of Rückmarsdorf . a. for the tin box factory Singewald , the machine factories Wiegand and Franke & Co, the paint factory Ortloff & Keilbar , the piano manufacturing company Hörügel , the baby carriage factory Bräutigam and the press factory Ambold .

In the east of the municipality, north of the B 181, a foundry was built by a Japanese architecture company from 1983 to 1986 for VEB Metallgusswerk Leipzig . In 1992 the foundry was run as a trust company Fahrzeugguss Leipzig GmbH and in 1993 it was taken over by Halberg-Guss .

The Löwen-Park shopping center is located south of the B 181 , and to the north of the street is the Löwen-Center , which belongs to Burghausen and is Leipzig's second largest shopping center . The indoor adventure playground “Euro Eddy” was built on the edge of the Löwen Park . This was closed again in 2019. The Hotel 3 Linden is also located on the B 181 .

The company GP Günther Papenburg plans to mine gravel between the town and the railway line. On the other hand, a citizens' initiative was formed.

Schools, fire brigade, cemetery

In 1544 a village school was first mentioned in Rückmarsdorf , which was rebuilt in 1721 after a major fire. The building in the old town center (on the corner of Am Winkel and Brandensteinstraße ), which is now used as a residential building, is the oldest preserved secular building in Rückmarsdorf. In 1877 a spacious new building was erected in the immediate vicinity on Brandensteinstrasse , which was expanded in 1891. In 1912/13 another school building was built for reasons of space, located on today's street An der Friedenseiche . The previously erected building was still used, later in 1953 a shared gymnasium was built between the houses. From 1925 onwards, the children from Frankenheim also attended school, and from 1934 onwards those from the newly created properties in Burghausen. In 1972 the school was converted into a ten-class polytechnic high school for Rückmarsdorf and the surrounding area, which existed in 1991. At that time, the primary school after-school care was outsourced to the school at the pond . Since 1992 Rückmarsdorf has had a primary school that has been expanded and expanded several times with a newly built gym . The nearest high school and the nearest grammar school are in Grünau

In 1800 Rückmarsdorf joined a fire fighting association to which several places in the region belonged. The jointly used syringe house and a large water syringe were built in Böhlitz ; in Rückmarsdorf itself, according to the Saxon MANDAT passed in 1775, various smaller items had to be found on the farms of the landowners regarding the fire regulations observed in the villages, as in the other communities belonging to the association such as a hand syringe, fire bucket or ladders for fire fighting . In 1856 a fire station with its own sprayer was built. The Rückmarsdorf volunteer fire brigade was founded in 1926 . In 1935 the house was rebuilt and our own fire engine was purchased.

The cemetery, which was built with the church, was extended in 1896 for reasons of space by a new facility that still exists and has since been expanded at the highest point of the old village street .

Sport, leisure, recreation

The first sports club in Rückmarsdorf is documented in 1864, and the Rückmarsdorf gymnastics club was founded in 1891 . In 1913, the gymnasium was inaugurated on the Sandberg. In 1921, with Rückmarsdorf's participation, a first sports field was built for common use on the southern slope of the Bienitz ; In 1927 the women's handball team of the Rückmarsdorf gymnastics club became Saxon champions.

The soccer field on the western edge of the village belongs to the SG Leipzig-Bienitz , a sports community that was created through the merger of the soccer clubs of Burghausen and Rückmarsdorf. For years, sports clubs and the local council have been trying to build a sports hall.

From 1900 to 1965 there was a male choir in Rückmarsdorf , in 1912 the workers 'sports club Rückmarsdorf was founded, in 1922 the workers' choir . Both clubs were forcibly dissolved in 1933.

Attractions

  • Church, built around 1150, alterations and renovations in 1688, 1715, 1840, 1904
  • Art Deco style town hall , built in 1928
  • Heimatmuseum Rückmarsdorf in a building of the historical watermill facility
  • Wachberg with a 23 m high water tower from 1914, owned by the Heimatverein Rückmarsdorf since 2010 and renovated by them
  • Memorial stone for General Friedrich von Kleist and surveying column from 1865 on the Wachberg
  • Bridge triangle, consisting of the B 181 , the Leipzig – Großkorbetha railway line and the Elster-Saale Canal
  • Elster-Saale Canal and the Bienitz north of the B 181

gallery

  • Church in Rückmarsdorf

  • View of the church

  • Altarpiece, 1509, exhibited in Chemnitz

  • town hall

  • town hall

  • Wachberg with water tower

  • Water tower

  • Kleist column

  • Surveying column from 1865

  • Elster-Saale Canal with a railway bridge

literature

  • Rückmarsdorf . In: August Schumann : Complete State, Post and Newspaper Lexicon of Saxony. 9th volume. Schumann, Zwickau 1822, pp. 543-546. (last accessed August 19, 2918)
  • Cornelius Gurlitt : Rückmarsdorf. In:  Descriptive representation of the older architectural and art monuments of the Kingdom of Saxony. 16. Issue: Amtshauptmannschaft Leipzig (Leipzig Land) . CC Meinhold, Dresden 1894, p. 110. (last accessed on August 19, 2918)
  • Jochen Deweß, Rolf Hauschild, Erika Missbach: Bienitz. Burghausen - Dölzig - Rückmarsdorf. Home and hiking booklet (= Sax guide) . Sax-Verlag, Beucha 1998, ISBN 3-930076-70-5 .
  • Rückmarsdorf. A historical and urban study. PRO Leipzig eV on behalf of the city planning office. PRO Leipzig, Leipzig 2001, DNB 964363771 .
  • Karl Teicher, Michael Hördert: The local history of Rückmarsdorf. Leipzig 2001 [1966], DNB 963639439 .
  • Rückmarsdorf. Street names tell the past and present of a Saxon village. ed. from the Heimatverein Rückmarsdorf. Leipzig 2006, DNB 982952120 .
  • Rückmarsdorf. Place with eventful history in the west of Leipzig (= Böhlitzer Hefte ). Creativ WERBEAGENTUR KOLB, Leipzig 2010, ISBN 978-3-944992-04-4 .
  • Excursion through the Bienitz (ed.): City of Leipzig, Office for Urban Green and Water . Leipzig 2011. (last accessed on August 19, 2918)
  • Rückmarsdorf. Cultural history around the Wachberg (= Böhlitzer Hefte ). Creativ WERBEAGENTUR KOLB, Leipzig 2013, ISBN 978-3-944992-18-1 .

Web links

Commons : Rückmarsdorf  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Statistical Yearbook 2017. (PDF) In: leipzig.de. City of Leipzig, Office for Statistics and Elections, 2017, p. 221 , accessed on August 12, 2018 .
  2. ↑ Burghausen-Rückmarsdorf district profile. City of Leipzig, Office for Statistics and Elections, accessed on May 4, 2019 .
  3. ↑ Rückmarsdorf. A place with an eventful history in the west of Leipzig 2010, p. 47.
  4. ↑ Statistical Yearbook 2017. (PDF) In: leipzig.de. City of Leipzig, Office for Statistics and Elections, 2017, p. 4 , accessed on August 18, 2018 .
  5. ↑ Statistical Yearbook 2017. (PDF) In: leipzig.de. City of Leipzig, Office for Statistics and Elections, 2017, p. 9 , accessed on August 18, 2018 .
  6. ↑ a b Rückmarsdorf. A place with an eventful history in the west of Leipzig 2010, p. 10.
  7. ↑ Rückmarsdorf. A historical and urban planning study 2001, p. 4 f.
  8. ↑ a b Rückmarsdorf. A historical and urban planning study 2001, p. 6.
  9. ↑ Rückmarsdorf. A historical and urban planning study 2001, p. 7.
  10. ^ Karlheinz Blaschke , Uwe Ulrich Jäschke : Kursächsischer Ämteratlas , Leipzig 2009, ISBN 978-3-937386-14-0 , p. 84 f.
  11. ↑ Rückmarsdorf. A historical and urban planning study 2001, p. 10 f.
  12. ↑ a b Rückmarsdorf. A historical and urban planning study 2001, p. 12.
  13. ↑ Rückmarsdorf. Place with eventful history in the west of Leipzig 2010, pp. 75 f, 80.
  14. ↑ Rückmarsdorf. A place with an eventful history in the west of Leipzig 2010, p. 79.
  15. ↑ Rückmarsdorf. A historical and urban planning study 2001, p. 14.
  16. ↑ a b c Rückmarsdorf. A historical and urban planning study 2001, p. 15.
  17. ↑ a b c Rückmarsdorf. A historical and urban planning study 2001, p. 18.
  18. ↑ Rückmarsdorf. A place with an eventful history in the west of Leipzig 2010, pp. 46–50.
  19. ↑ Rückmarsdorf. Place with eventful history in the west of Leipzig 2010, p. 31 f.
  20. ↑ a b c Rückmarsdorf. A historical and urban planning study 2001, p. 25.
  21. ↑ a b c d Rückmarsdorf. A historical and urban planning study 2001, p. 23.
  22. ↑ a b c d e f Rückmarsdorf. A historical and urban planning study 2001, p. 19.
  23. ↑ Rückmarsdorf. Place with eventful history in the west of Leipzig 2010, p. 34 f.
  24. ↑ a b c d Rückmarsdorf. A historical and urban planning study 2001, p. 17.
  25. ↑ Rückmarsdorf. A place with an eventful history in the west of Leipzig 2010, p. 23.
  26. ↑ Rückmarsdorf. A place with an eventful history in the west of Leipzig 2010, p. 24 f.
  27. ↑ Rückmarsdorf. Place with eventful history in the west of Leipzig 2010, p. 10 f.
  28. ↑ Rückmarsdorf. A place with an eventful history in the west of Leipzig 2010, p. 30.
  29. ^ Location Leipzig. In: http://www.halberg-guss.de/ . NEUE HALBERG-GUSS GmbH, accessed on August 19, 2018 .
  30. ↑ g.co .
  31. ↑ Ralf Julke: Marco Böhme now wants to know how Saxony's government stands on the threat of gravel mining in Rückmarsdorf - L-IZ.de. In: Leipziger Internet Zeitung. July 31, 2018, accessed October 22, 2018 .
  32. ↑ Citizens' Initiative Rückmarsdorf: You can't make gravel with us! Retrieved October 22, 2018 .
  33. ↑ Rückmarsdorf. A place with an eventful history in the west of Leipzig 2010, pp. 37–44.
  34. ↑ Rückmarsdorf. A historical and urban planning study 2001, p. 13.
  35. ↑ Jhrer Chur-Fürstl. Pass to Sachßen, [et] c. [Etc. Mandate regarding the fire order to be observed in the villages. Kraus, Dresden 1775 ( digitized version of the ULB Saxony-Anhalt)
  36. ↑ Rückmarsdorf. A historical and urban planning study 2001, p. 16.
  37. ↑ Rückmarsdorf. A historical and urban planning study 2001, p. 11.
  38. ↑ Rückmarsdorf. A place with an eventful history in the west of Leipzig 2010, p. 22.