Loosely

This article deals with the Leipzig district of Lößnig; a district of the Saxon town of Strehla in the district of Meißen also bears the name Lößnig .

Loessnig district of Leipzig
Coordinates	51 ° 17 '55 "  N , 12 ° 23' 40"  E Coordinates: 51 ° 17 '55 "  N , 12 ° 23' 40"  E.
surface	1.71 km²
Residents	11,027 (Dec. 31, 2018)
Population density	6449 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation	Jan. 1, 1891
Post Code	04279
prefix	0341
Borough	south
Transport links
Train	MRB 2, MRB 70
tram	10, 11, 16
bus	79
Source: statistik.leipzig.de

Lößnig (also "Lössnig") is a district and at the same time a district in the south of Leipzig .

location

The location of Loessnig

The district of Lößnig comprises most of the Lößnig district (with the old town center of Lößnig, the garden town of Alt-Lößnig and the Rundling ) as well as small parts of the Connewitz and Dölitz districts . It is bordered by Probstheidaer Straße in the north and by the boundaries between the districts of Connewitz and Probstheida as well as Lößnig and Probstheida in the east. The southern border forms an arbitrarily drawn line, which partly runs along the southern edge of the Lößnig-Dölitz recreation park , partly cuts through the Gersterstraße development and partly runs along the Mühlpleiße . The Bavarian Railway forms the western boundary .

The neighboring districts of Lößnig are Marienbrunn, Probstheida, Dölitz-Dosen and Connewitz.

history

Sorbian settlement and Burgward

The settlement, which can be regarded as the place of origin of today's Lößnig, was probably founded by Sorbs on the banks of the Pleiße at the end of the 7th or beginning of the 8th century . The Slavic name of this settlement - in 1040 for the first time in a document Heinrich III. mentioned as Lesnic - means something like place in the forest or place in the forest . In the documentary mention it is described that this Lesnic is the seat of a castle guard ( "burhwardo Lesnic" ). The castle seat, designed as a moated castle, and the Sorbian village coexisted.

Loessnig around 1800

The manor

The manor house of the manor around 1850

It is not known exactly when Lößnig became a manor. 1168 a "Fredericus de Lesnic" is mentioned in a document of the Merseburg Monastery , 1309 a "Herrmann von Leßenigk" . At the end of the 14th century the estate was owned by the von Pflugk family , who also owned numerous other goods. In 1460 Heinrich von Pflugk sold the manor to Wolf Blasebalg. Until 1704, the estate, which in 1702 remained Schriftsässigkeit became, in the hands of the bellows. With the death of Johann Heinrich Blasebalgs, the estate went to the then Chief Postmaster Johann Jakob Kees . In 1714 his son moved the family's residence to the newly acquired Zöbigker estate and the Lößnig estate was leased.

The estate remained in the possession of the Kees family until 1849 and was then sold for 97,700 Reichstaler to the landowner and economist August Friedrich Graichen, who planned to use the proceeds to pay off his uncle's co-heirs. His son Hermann Graichen in turn sold it in 1883, together with 174.3 hectares of land, for 925,000 Reichsmarks to the city of Leipzig. This turned the manor into a town. It was not until 1904 - 13 years after the village of Lößnig - that the manor district was incorporated into the city of Leipzig. After the land reform of 1945 , the estate was transferred to the Volksgut Wachau , where it was used for cattle and pig breeding, as well as for feed storage. The manor house served as a home for apprentices. In 1970 this part of the people's property was dissolved.

The village of Loessnig

The Lößniger Church, demolished in 1876

In the 11th and 12th centuries, as part of the German expansion to the east, there was increased settlement of the area by German and Flemish farmers, who settled between the Sorbian village and the Burgwartei, roughly in the area of ​​today's Raschwitzer Strasse. Later the different parts of the population mixed and Lesnic became a manor, later a manor. Between 1200 and 1250, the villages of Dölitz, Lößnig and Connewitz (so their current names) jointly created the Dölitz-Connewitzer Mühlgraben or Mühlpleiße, which flows on the eastern edge of the Pleißeaue. This was necessary because the streams on which the mills of the villages stood had dried up due to the clearing of the surrounding forests, or at least carried far less water. The experience of the Flemings was very beneficial for the construction of the mill trench.

Gethsemane Church, built in 1877

The following centuries changed the village little. From the beginning , as it was written in 1160 , Leznicz did not have a closed village structure. The church, which received its first bell in 1442 and its second bell in 1526, and the village square marked the boundary between the settlement and the manor. The number of farms remained almost constant. In 1551 and 1764 9 of these were counted each. In 1579 a raft place was laid out between the Loessniger and Dölitzer mills, and a raft house was added 11 years later. During the Thirty Years' War , especially between 1632 and 1642, Leßnick - as it was spelled in 1551 - was attacked and plundered several times.

The previously independent parish church of Lößnig became a branch church of Güldengossa in 1638 , as the pastor Christof Germann was also given the office of pastor in Güldengossa in addition to his parish and moved his seat there. In 1691, when Friedrich Schulze was pastor of Güldengossa, he was appointed to the church of Markkleeberg . He took his Lößniger church with him, so that it was now a subsidiary church of Markkleeberg.

View of Lößnig with the destroyed mansion after the Battle of the Nations, 1815

1710 of belonging to the manor inn was Ausspanne put into operation in 1745, the church received its first organ. In 1770 the Bornaische Strasse between Dölitz and Lößnig was fortified. In the course of the Battle of the Nations near Leipzig in 1813, the manor house, in which a French hospital was set up, the school, several farms and the mill were destroyed. The latter was rebuilt in 1815 and the school three years later.

The former school of Lößnig (today the rectory)

In 1839 Lößnig became an independent municipality and thus gained formal independence from the manor. The place was until 1856 in the Electoral Saxon or Royal Saxon District Office Leipzig . From 1856 Lößnig belonged to the Leipzig II court office and from 1875 to the Leipzig district administration . In 1850 the mill was converted into a paper factory. However, it burned down two years later. After the church, which had meanwhile become very dilapidated, was demolished, a new church was built and a new church was consecrated on October 28, 1877, which was later named Gethsemane Church. At 35,000 Reichsmarks, the construction costs were the lowest that had ever been spent on building a church at that time, as much of the old church was reused. Two years after its inauguration, the church received a new organ, which was built by Conrad Geißler from Eilenburg.

In 1884 the Lößniger gymnastics club was founded. In 1888 the school on Bornaische Strasse was demolished and a new one was built on the opposite side of the street. This school is today's rectory. In 1890, the two Limburg villas were built on the former mill site based on designs by architects Carl Weichardt and Bruno Heinrich Elbo.

Loessnig as a district of Leipzig (1891-1945)

Population development
year	Residents
1800	169
1859	326
1890	549
1919	4,744
1935	about 9,000
1992	13,678
2000	11,237
2005	10,567
2010	10,775
2014	11,021
2016	11,073
2018	11,027

On January 1, 1891, Lößnig was incorporated into Leipzig at the same time as the towns of Connewitz, Kleinzschocher , Lindenau , Plagwitz and Schleußig, which were also independent until then . At that time Lößnig had 549 inhabitants, had five streets and 34 houses.

In 1897 the first gymnasium in Lößniger was built at the Zum golden Stern inn . The Loessniger Church dissolved its association with Markkleeberg in 1900 and was a subsidiary church of the Connewitz parish until 1916. In 1904 the Lößniger school was closed and the students were distributed to schools in Dölitz and Connewitz.

In Leipzig at the end of the 19th century, there was a lack of cheap and small apartments with expensive housing vacant at the same time. The Leipzig city administration was therefore encouraged to support housing associations in building precisely these apartments.

Row of houses on Dürrstrasse

In Lößnig, the Gemeinnützige Wohnungsbaugesellschaft AG was given a plot of land from the former manor for the construction of micro and small apartments as part of a heritable building right contract. This area was in the north of the former village. Part of it had been used as a parade ground in the past decades and, with a few exceptions, was now built over. The boundaries can be seen through today's streets Liechtensteinstrasse, Dürrstrasse, Rembrandtstrasse (formerly Merveldstrasse) and Siegfriedstrasse. The layout of the settlement was strongly influenced by ideas for urban reform at the time. The zoning plan was published in 1901. The architects of this urban development project , later named the Alt-Lößnig Garden City , were Max Pommer and Anton Käppler . Around 1,100 apartments were built here between 1902 and 1913. → see also main article Meyer'sche Häuser

From 1908 to 1910, an electricity works, the main south of the municipal electricity works, was built on the site of the former brickworks . This was fired with lignite from the nearby Dölitz shaft , which was transported by cable car from 1927. Their operation had to be stopped after a year because of pollution (!). The plant was one of the two Leipzig power plants of the time. Later it became the "Ernst Thälmann" power plant.

Housing construction in Leipzig experienced a significant downturn during the First World War and in the post-war years. This led to a drastic housing shortage in the 1920s. This deficiency was countered by the general development plan of the city of Leipzig published in 1929. This major urban development project was initiated by Hubert Ritter , who has been in office in Leipzig since 1924 . He designed a residential project for Lößnig, which envisaged the construction of a housing estate in three concentric rings. This so-called Rundling was built in 1929 and 1930 and aroused interest far beyond Leipzig. After its completion, 609 apartments were built in it, in which a large number of architectural and structural innovations had been implemented.

Due to the global economic crisis, construction activity in Leipzig and thus also in Loessnig almost came to a standstill. A smaller construction project was realized later in the mid-1930s. The non-profit corporation for salaried homes, or GAGFAH for short , built 212 apartments in strictly standardized double row houses. This residential area was called Gudrun settlement , after the figure in the Nordic-Germanic world of legends.

In 1933, the pavilion of the forest school, a higher private school with reform pedagogical approaches, was built in the area of ​​the later dog training area. In 1943 and 1944 this, as well as parts of the Rundling and the power station, were destroyed in bombing raids.

Lößnig in the GDR (1945–1989)

After the end of the Second World War , parts of the power station were dismantled as a reparation for the Soviet Union . In 1949 it was named Ernst Thälmann . In 1958 work began on converting the power station into a thermal power station, which went into operation in October of the same year. The first customers included the technical fair, the university clinic and other institutes of what was then Karl Marx University . Five years later there was a fire in the machine house, which destroyed large parts of the plant.

Refurbished prefabricated building on Hans-Marchwitza-Straße

In the 1960s, three seven-story high-rise apartment buildings were built on Siegfriedstrasse. This building project was followed by two more in the 1970s. On the one hand, the Lößnig new building area with 3,082 apartments in exclusively eleven-story apartment blocks was built east of Zwickauer Straße from 1971 to 1975 (→  prefabricated buildings in Leipzig ). In addition to these, three schools, two department stores, a retirement and nursing home and other social and service facilities were built. A school restaurant was built to provide food for the three schools with a total of over 2000 students. Some planned construction projects could not be realized due to lack of money and material, such as a swimming pool and a large sports field. On the border to the Dölitz district, a smaller new building area in WBS-70 panel construction with 860 apartments was built between 1973 and 1975 . A crèche, a kindergarten and a school - the first in Lößniger after the old one closed in 1904 - completed the picture.

A few years later there were fields and halls of the agricultural exhibition agra on the quarry fields of the Dölitz lignite shaft, which was closed in 1959 . Starting in 1975, the area began to be opened up for local recreation, for which numerous cavities, which were still present underground due to coal mining, had to be closed. In the mid-1980s, the decision was made to create the Lößnig-Dölitz recreation park , on the edge of which is the reservoir. This body of water, also known as the large silver lake, is the oldest and largest pond in the recreation area. It emerged from a damp depression that was dammed up by means of a dam and that agra was used to demonstrate irrigation techniques and as a water reservoir.

View of the Lößnig development area

Loessnig today

After the fall of the Wall , Leipzig began to repair the damage to the historic building that had only been poorly repaired in the past decades. Thus, among other things, the war damage to the Rundling was removed from 1991 and the entire property was renovated from 1993 to 1997. The houses in the garden town of Alt-Lößnig - since the 1990s, like the Rundling, have been the property of the Leipziger Wohnungs- und Baugesellschaft - were also extensively renovated and modernized between 1996 and 1999. The prefabricated buildings in the new Lößnig area were also visibly changed from the outside. With the Moritzhof, the area received a new shopping and service center. Lößnig became a part of the city of Leipzig as part of the local regional division of 1992.

Loessnier streets

Street signs of the garden city Alt-Loessnig

House number of the garden city Alt-Lößnig

Street sign in the Johannes-R.-Becher district

House number on the star

Corner of Georg-Maurer- / Gersterstraße

Street sign in the Johannes-R.-Becher district

Street sign of the garden city Alt-Loessnig

Bernhard-Kellermann-Strasse	Bernhard Kellermann (1879–1951), German writer
Bornaische Strasse  (No. 97–121 and 120–134)	in the meantime Fritz-Austel-Strasse (1950 to 1991); named after the city of Borna ; old trade route between Leipzig and Borna, Bornaische Strasse used to be (part of) via imperii, i.e. Reichsstrasse (according to a document from 1284)
Brunhildstrasse	Brunhild , figure from the Nibelungen saga
Dankwartstrasse	Dankwart, brother of Hagen von Tronje, figure from the Nibelungen saga
Dürrstrasse	Alphons Friedrich Dürr (1828–1908), Leipzig publisher and city councilor
Ernst-Toller-Strasse	until 1950 Colloredostraße ; Ernst Toller (1893–1939), German writer, politician and revolutionary
Etzelstrasse	Form of Attila , here as a figure from the Nibelungen saga
Georg-Maurer-Strasse  (No. 1–23)	Georg Maurer (1907–1971), German poet, essayist and translator
Gerlindeweg	Gerlinde, mother of Hartmut von Ormanîe, character from the Gudrun song
Gersterstrasse  (No. 1–17 and 2–56)	Ottmar Gerster (1897–1969), German violinist and composer
Giselherstrasse	Giselher , figure from the Nibelungen saga
Gudrunplatz	Gudrun, character from the Gudrun song
Gudrunstrasse	see Gudrunplatz
Hans-Marchwitza-Strasse	Hans Marchwitza (1890–1965), German labor poet, writer and communist
Hans-Otto-Strasse	Hans Otto (1900–1933), German actor and communist
Herwigstrasse	Herwig von Sêlant, figure from the Gudrun song
Hettelweg	King Hettel (also Hetel ), father of Gudrun, character from the Gudrun song
Hildburgstrasse	Hildburg, Gudrun's companion, character from the Gudrun song
Hildeweg	Hilde, mother of Gudrun, character from the Gudrun song
In Limburgerpark	Street tour through Limburger Park
Johannes-R.-Becher-Strasse	Johannes R. Becher (1891–1958), German poet and politician and first president of the GDR Cultural Association
Karl-Jungbluth-Strasse	Karl Jungbluth, (1903–1945), German communist, executed by the Nazis
Kriemhildstrasse	Kriemhild , figure from the Nibelungen saga
Kurt-Tucholsky-Strasse	Kurt Tucholsky (1890–1935), German journalist and writer
Leisniger Strasse	named after the town of Leisnig in Saxony
Liechtensteinstrasse	until 1907 partly Küstnerstraße ; Aloys Prince of Liechtenstein, (1780–1833), Austrian officer in the Battle of Leipzig in 1813
Lobstädter Strasse	named after the village of Lobstädt in Saxony (today part of the Neukieritzsch community)
Nibelung Ring	named after the Nibelungen saga
Ortrunweg	Ortrun, figure from the Gudrun legend
Pohlentzstrasse	Moritz Pohlentz (1823–1903), Leipzig merchant and city councilor
Probstheidaer Straße  (No. 74-78, even numbers)	named after the community of Probstheida, which was later incorporated into Leipzig
Raschwitzer Strasse  (No. 1–15B)	until 1901 Dorfstrasse , Kirchplatz and Waldstrasse ; named after the former Vorwerk Raschwitz and later district of Markkleeberg.
Rembrandt Square	until 1950 Merveldtplatz ; Rembrandt van Rijn (1606–1669), Dutch painter
Rembrandtstrasse	see Rembrandt Square
Röthische Strasse	named after the town of Rötha in Saxony
Siegfriedplatz	Siegfried the Dragon Slayer , figure from the Nibelungen saga
Siegfriedstrasse	until 1965 partly Bellows Street ; see Siegfriedplatz
Sigebandweg	King Sigeband (also Sigebant ), figure from the Gudrun legend
Teichgräberstrasse	until 1950 Hessen-Homburg-Strasse ; Richard Teichgräber (1884–1945), German social democrat and trade unionist, executed by the Nazis
Watestrasse	Wate, figure from the Gudrun legend
Willi-Bredel-Strasse	Willi Bredel (1901–1964), German writer and President of the German Academy of the Arts
Zehmischstrasse	Gottlieb Benedikt Zehmisch (1716–1789), Leipzig merchant and patron of culture
To the headframe  (undeveloped part)	named after the headframe of the Dölitz shaft
Zwickauer Strasse  (No. 118–142)	named after the city of Zwickau in Saxony

• 

  Nibelungenring 6, 4, 2

• 

  Nibelungenring 46, 44

• 

  Nibelungenring 50, 48

• 

  Nibelungenring 56, 54, 52

• 

  Nibelungenring 71, 73, 75

• 

  Lobstädter Strasse 11–13

• 

  Lobstädter Strasse 15

• 

  Lobstädter Strasse 16-20

• 

  Ernst-Toller-Strasse 18-20

literature

• Mustafa Haikal : Loessnig. A historical and urban study. Pro Leipzig, Leipzig 1994.
• Monika Raabe: Loessnig. 950 years. Council of the City of Leipzig, City District Administration South, Leipzig 1990.
• Willy Schneider: The nine hundred year old loessnig. Serig Verlag, Leipzig 1940.
• Mustafa Haikal, Heinz-Jürgen Böhme : In the Leipzig Pleisseland. Connewitz - Lössnig - Dölitz. Passage-Verlag, Leipzig 1996, ISBN 3-9804313-4-7 .
• Claus Uhlrich (Red.): Local history about the south of Leipzig. Council of the City of Leipzig, City District Administration South, Leipzig 1990.
• Gina Klank, Gernot Griebsch: Lexicon of Leipzig street names. Verlag im Wissenschaftszentrum, Leipzig 1995, ISBN 3-930433-09-5 .
• Ute Große, Ruth Schmidt (Ed.): Street section directory 2009. City of Leipzig, Office for Statistics and Elections, Leipzig 2009.

Web links

Commons : Lößnig  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Loessnig in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
• Information website My district of the city of Leipzig for Loessnig

Individual evidence

1. ^ Karlheinz Blaschke , Uwe Ulrich Jäschke : Kursächsischer Ämteratlas. Leipzig 2009, ISBN 978-3-937386-14-0 ; P. 60 f.
2. ↑ The Amtshauptmannschaft Leipzig in the municipal register 1900
3. ↑ District catalog of the city of Leipzig 2008 and 2010
4. ^ Loessnig in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony , accessed on February 16, 2009.
5. ^ Statistical data on Leipzig.de; accessed on October 17, 2019