Uricase
| Uricase ( Mus musculus ) | ||
|---|---|---|
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| Uricase tetramer, Aspergillus flavus according to PDB 1R4U | ||
| Mass / length primary structure | 302 amino acids | |
| Secondary to quaternary structure | Homotetramer | |
| Identifier | ||
| External IDs |
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| Drug information | ||
| ATC code | V03 AF07 | |
| DrugBank | DB00049 | |
| Drug class | Treatment of high uric acid levels | |
| Enzyme classification | ||
| EC, category | 1.7.3.3 , oxidoreductase | |
| Response type | Hydroxylation | |
| Substrate | Uric acid + O 2 + H 2 O | |
| Products | 5-hydroxyisouric acid + H 2 O 2 | |
| Occurrence | ||
| Homology family | Urate oxidase | |
| Parent taxon | Eukaryotes | |
| Exceptions | Human (Hominoidea), birds | |
| Orthologue | ||
| human | House mouse | |
| Entrez | 391051 | |
| Ensemble | ENSG00000240520 | |
| UniProt | n / A | P25688 |
| Gene locus | Chr 1: 84.36 - 84.4 Mb | |
| PubMed search | 391051 |
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Uricase (also known as urate oxidase ) is an enzyme found in the liver , spleen, and kidneys of many mammals and many invertebrates . However , uricase is not found in humans, humans and birds. The uricase in many living things contains copper, the uricases in the soybean ( Glycine max ), in the fungus Aspergillus flavus and in the Bacillus subtilis, however, not.
Uricase catalyzes the breakdown of uric acid and uric acid salts into allantoin in the purine metabolism .
Uricase obtained from microorganisms and pig liver is used in medical diagnostics to detect the increased uric acid level in gout .
The molecular mass of Uricase is 34.2 kDa . In a narrow pH range around 10.3, a covalent tetramer with 136 kDa is formed.
Catalyzed reaction
+ O 2 + H 2 O → 
+ H 2 O 2
Uric acid is oxidized (hydroxylated) to 5-hydroxyisouric acid.
Drug
Rasburicase is the name of a drug that is used in the treatment of acutely high uric acid concentrations, particularly in tumor lysis syndrome . Chemically, it is uricase, which was isolated from the Aspergillus flavus mold . As a recombinantly expressed and purified enzyme, rasburicase can be administered intravenously and catalyzes the breakdown of uric acid into much more water-soluble allantoin , which is excreted via the kidneys . The drug is sold in Germany, Austria and Switzerland by the company Sanofi-Aventis under the trade name Fasturtec .
Adverse drug reactions, contraindications
During use, rasburicase can cause unspecific adverse effects such as nausea , vomiting or diarrhea . Pre-existing sensitization or repeated use can lead to hypersensitivity reactions, which can range from mild allergic reactions to life-threatening anaphylactic shock . Rasburicase is also contraindicated in people with a known tendency to haemolysis , in pregnant women and during breastfeeding.
Rasburicase can lead to incorrectly low uric acid values in blood samples that are sent uncooled to the laboratory, since the enzymatic degradation reaction by rasburicase can continue in the blood drawn at higher temperatures.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (SIB): PROSITE documentation PDOC00315. Uricase. Retrieved August 12, 2011 .
- ↑ ENZYMES: 1.7.3.3
- ↑ Red List Online, as of August 2009.
- ↑ AM comp. d. Switzerland, as of August 2009.
- ↑ AGES-PharmMed, as of August 2009.
- ↑ Gerd Herold and others: Internal medicine. Cologne, 2012, p. 685.
literature
- J. Hochberg, MS Cairo: Tumor lysis syndrome: current perspective. In: Haematologica . 93 (1), 2008, pp. 9-13. PMID 18166779 . doi: 10.3324 / haematol.12327