Regamünde

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Regamünde was a medieval port in Pomerania at the mouth of the Rega in the Baltic Sea . Especially in legends , the place is referred to as a city that is said to have been destroyed in a storm flood . The traditions show certain parallels to Vineta .

history

Upper Rega at Greifenberg, Treptow and the village Deep and their two mouths. On the right the Alte Rega outflow , which first leads into the Kamper See and from there in a northerly direction into the Baltic Sea ( Alte Rega ), and on the left the outflow at Deep via the canal built in the second half of the 15th century ( Neue Rega ) .

Regamünde was mentioned for the first time on May 14, 1287 in a document in which Duke Bogislaw IV of Pomerania and Thidboldus, the abbot of Belbuck monastery , granted the city of Treptow an der Rega the right to Luebian . The place was awarded to the city as a free port. In 1309, the dukes Otto I and Wartislaw IV determined that the citizens of Treptow should also apply Lübisches law in Regamünde. In 1324 Wartislaw IV allowed the Treptowern to freely dispose of the Regamünde harbor.

This port was located near the village of Kolberger Deep (today Dźwirzyno ) on the northeast running estuary of the Rega, which first flows into the Kamper See and from there into the Baltic Sea . This branch of the estuary, which runs towards the northeast, still existed at the end of the 18th century and still exists today.

Regamünde is not mentioned in writing from the period after 1354 or before 1457. Only a document from the Bishop of Cammin from 1457 shows that the city of Treptow was involved in the construction of a new port at the mouth of the Rega. A document by the Treptow City Council from 1555 shows that the previous outflow of the Rega into the Baltic Sea was probably made unusable for shipping between 1445 and 1449 at the instigation of the city of Kolberg . This is said to have been achieved by sinking ships in the channel of the estuary. According to other records, the fairway was blocked in 1456. In 1464, Duke Erich II confirmed the right to the city of Treptow to build a new port further west and to divert Rega for this purpose.

A canal to Rega was broken, which flows into the Baltic Sea at Treptower Deep. This gave Rega two estuary arms, the Old Rega and the artificially created New Rega . In 1499, the city council of Treptow and the abbot of the Belbuck monastery agreed to connect Treptow and the new port by a paved land route, the so-called Hufendamm . The old Regamünde seaport near Kolberger Deep lost its importance.

The new port facility was built near or on the site of the village Treptower Deep ( Mrzeżyno ) and was also called Regamünde until the end of the 16th century. The old Regamünde continued to exist for several decades before a storm flood made the place uninhabitable. The forced relocation of the population to Treptower Deep took place in the period after 1499, but well before 1538. As a result of silting, the new port facility was soon only usable to a limited extent, and larger merchant ships had to be in the roadstead in front of the port as early as the 18th century or earlier go to anchor.

The assumption that Regamünde was a city is essentially based on a history of the city of Treptow an der Rega designed by Mayor Samuel Gadebusch and published by his son Samuel Valentin Gadebusch in 1677. This misinterpreted the document that stipulated the application of Luebian law for citizens of the city of Treptow in Regamünde. Even the indication of "300 fishermen" did not refer to the number of inhabitants, but to the number of fishermen staying in the village during the herring fishing season .

literature

  • Wilhelm Johann Albert Freiherr von Tettau: The folk tales of East Prussia, Litthauens and West Prussia digitized on Google books

proof

  1. ↑ PUB 1423: Pomeranian Document Book . , Vol. 3, Dept. 1, 1287-1295.
  2. ↑ Heintze: The port of Regamünde. In: Baltic Studies. Vol. 18, p. 87 ( Google Books )
  3. ^ A b c d Johann Ernst Fabri : Geography for all estates . Part I, Volume 4, Leipzig 1793, p. 495.
  4. ^ New Pomeranian Provincial Papers (edited by Ludwig Giesebrecht and JCL Haken). Volume 1, Issue 1, Stettin 1827, pp. 168-173.
  5. ^ A b Ludwig Wilhelm Brüggemann : Detailed description of the current state of the Royal Prussian Duchy of Western and Western Pomerania . Part II, Volume 1, Stettin 1784, pp. 382-383.
  6. ↑ Heintze: The port of Regamünde. In: Baltic Studies. Vol. 18, ( p.90. )
  7. ↑ Heintze: The port of Regamünde. In: Baltic Studies. Vol. 18, p. 109 ( Google Books )
  8. ↑ Heintze: The port of Regamünde. In: Baltic Studies. Vol. 18, pp. 88–95 ( Google Books )
  9. ↑ Heintze: The port of Regamünde. In: Baltic Studies. Vol. 18, pp. 95f. ( Google Books )