Reinhard Breder

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Reinhard Breder (born February 2, 1911 in Steinhagen , Westphalia ; † October 22, 2002 in Cologne ) was a German government councilor and SS-Sturmbannführer who was involved in the Holocaust in the occupied Soviet Union as commander of Einsatzkommando 2 . From 1943 until the end of the war he headed the Gestapo in Frankfurt am Main .

Life

Reinhard Breder studied law and passed the first state examination in 1935 and the second state examination in 1939. Breder joined both the NSDAP and the SS ( NSDAP membership number 5,653,771, SS membership number 116,663).

At first Breder was deputy head of the Stapo control center in Düsseldorf before he was assigned to the commander of the security police and SD (KdS) in Minsk in December 1942 . In February 1943, he was involved in the evacuation of the ghetto of Slutsk involved. From March 1943 on, he was Manfred Pechau's successor, in command of Einsatzkommando 2, which was part of Einsatzgruppe A during the attack on the Soviet Union . The Einsatzkommando carried out mass murders of Jews and political commissars in the wake of Army Group North in 1941/42 . In 1943 the time of the war of movement towards the east was over on the northern eastern front. The Einsatzkommando 2 accordingly became a fixed unit, which was subordinate to the KdS Latvia / Riga.

In August 1943 Breder left the task force for Frankfurt am Main, where he was head of the Frankfurt State Police from September 1943 until the end of the war, and from summer 1944 he was the superior of 3,000 civil servants and employees. His predecessor in the Frankfurt Gestapo office, Oswald Poche , took up Breder's position at Einsatzkommando 2. Poche had been replaced in Frankfurt because, at the urging of the Gauleiter of Hessen-Nassau, Jakob Sprenger , he had followed the party's wishes too closely instead of the Gestapo. But Breder also continued Sprenger's policy of making Frankfurt “ Jewish clean ”, exceeding instructions from Berlin in an extreme manner. After the deportation of Jews from Frankfurt was essentially completed in autumn 1942 , the Frankfurt Gestapo took measures to actually Delivering Jews who are (still) protected from deportations for extermination: Jews who lived in “ mixed marriages ”, “World War II fighters” and armaments workers should not be deported. Using a system of informers and the strictest surveillance, the Frankfurt Gestapo had such privileged Jews sent to the concentration camp for petty “offenses” such as covering up the Jewish star or improperly applying for coal allocation , from where they were deported and murdered.

After the end of the war Breder lived in Winkel as a member of the government. D. Heinrich Baab , a Frankfurt adviser to Jews, was charged with murder in the Frankfurt jury court in 1950 . He became lifelong prison convicted. Reinhard Breder testified as his superior as a witness in the trial, but was not prosecuted himself. At the end of the 1960s Breder and the Frankfurt Gestapo department head Ernst Grosse were determined by the Frankfurt public prosecutor. The case was dropped without charge.

Because of the shooting of at least seven looters in 1944, Breder was indicted together with the former police administration inspector Hans Tauber before the Frankfurt am Main regional court . Since Baab could not prove that he was aware of the illegality of his actions ... he was acquitted on February 15, 1951. The same applied to Tauber, but he was sentenced to five and a half years in prison for another offense.

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Death register of the Cologne registry office No. 8362/2002.
  2. ↑ Numery członków SS od 116 000 do 116 999 . (German: SS membership numbers from 116,000 to 116,999) Source: List of seniority of the NSDAP Schutzstaffel (SS-Obersturmbannführer and SS-Sturmbannführer) , as of October 1, 1944. SS-Personalhauptamt, Berlin 1944.
  3. ^ A b Ernst Klee : Das Personenlexikon zum Third Reich , Frankfurt am Main 2007, p. 73.
  4. ↑ Hans-Heinrich Wilhelm: The Einsatzgruppe A of the security police and the SD 1941/42 . P. Lang, Frankfurt am Main 1996, ISBN 3631496400 , p. 472.
  5. ↑ Beate Meyer: Scope of Action for Regional Jewish Representatives (1941–1945) . In: Birthe Kundrus, Beate Meyer (ed.): "The deportation of the Jews from Germany: plans-practice-reactions 1938-1945". Wallstein, Göttingen 2004, ISBN 3892447926 , pp. 68-73.
  6. ^ LG Frankfurt am Main, April 5, 1950 . In: Justice and Nazi crimes . Collection of German criminal judgments for Nazi homicidal crimes 1945–1966, Vol. VI, edited by Adelheid L. Rüter-Ehlermann, HH Fuchs, CF Rüter . Amsterdam: University Press, 1971, No. 207, pp. 369–437 Participation of an official in the Jewish department for the deportations from Frankfurt / M. to the east; Arrest, mistreatment and deportation of Jewish 'mixed spouses' who were actually exempted from this to Auschwitz and other concentration camps; Abuse and extortion of statements by some civilians who had been arrested for various reasons (listening to foreign broadcasters, KPD membership, anti-Nazi sentiments, etc.) ( Memento of the original from March 14, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www1.jur.uva.nl
  7. ^ Kerstin Freudiger: The legal processing of Nazi crimes . Mohr-Siebeck, Tübingen 2002, ISBN 3161476875 , pp. 89-106.
personal data
SURNAME Breder, Reinhard
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German SS officer in Einsatzgruppe A, head of the Gestapo in Frankfurt am Main
DATE OF BIRTH February 2, 1911
PLACE OF BIRTH Steinhagen , Westphalia
DATE OF DEATH October 22, 2002
Place of death Cologne