Commander of the Security Police and the SD
The commanders of the security police and the security service or commanders of the SiPo and the SD or BdS for short were during the Second World War in the areas occupied by National Socialist Germany by the Reich Security Main Office (RSHA) appointed heads of a kind of RSHA branch office. Several “commanders of the security police and SD” (KdS) were subordinate to a BdS. They had essentially the same tasks as the task forces .
Emergence
When the attack on Poland began in September 1939, the Einsatzgruppen of the Security Police and the SD (consisting of Einsatzkommandos or Sonderkommandos) deployed first in the General Government for the occupied Polish territories , then also in the remaining rear army areas for "carrying out special security police tasks outside the troops" corresponded in their structure to the Reich Security Main Office (RSHA), so that these were also referred to as "mobile RSHA" or "RSHA in small".
In the rear areas of the occupied territories, in which there was no longer any fighting and the occupation administration had already established itself, the units of the task forces were converted into stationary institutions for certain spatial areas, in which they had to perform similar tasks as the security police in the Reich . Like the Einsatzgruppen before, they were also involved in intelligence activities with “ special treatment ” (ie the murder ) of the Jews .
Areas of application and structure
A commander of the security police and the SD (BdS) was appointed for each occupied country. The only exceptions were Alsace , Lorraine , the Warthegau , the Generalgouvernement and the Reichskommissariate " Ostland " and Ukraine , for each of which a separate BdS was appointed. At the lower regional level, several “commanders of the security police and SD” were subordinate to the BdS.
In the east two "Reichskommissariate" were formed after the front had frozen in the winter of 1941/42:
- The Reichskommissariat Ostland and that
- Reichskommissariat Ukraine .
In these, a BdS and a BdO (“Commander of the Ordnungspolizei”) were used for police matters. An HSSPF (Higher SS and Police Leader ) responsible for the interests of the entire police force was superordinate to the BdS and BdO. The Reichskommissariate were again divided into “Generalkommissariate” or “ Generalbezirke ”, in which there were analogously the KdS and the KdO (“Commander of the Ordnungspolizei”) as well as the SSPF (SS and Police Leader). Each KdS was in turn subordinate to several field offices.
Analogous to the relationship between BdS and KdS, the BdO was in charge of all “commanders of the Ordnungspolizei” (KdO) in a Reich Commissioner. The BdO commanded the protective police in the cities, the gendarmerie in the country and the police troops in the form of police battalions deployed in the event of war.
The command route thus ran from the RSHA to the BdS and from there to the KdS or from the main office Orpo to the BdO and the KdO. For special tasks of the Reichsführer SS , however, Heinrich Himmler's higher SS and police leaders (HSSPF) directly subordinate to all units of the SS and the police were also authorized to give instructions and give orders to the BdS and BdO (e.g. for the " Fight against partisans " by the HSSPF Russia-Center and "Chief of the gang fighting units ", SS-Obergruppenführer and general of the police Erich von dem Bach-Zelewski ). In practice, the subordination to the civil administration of the occupied territories, which had to be decided on a case-by-case basis, remained of secondary importance.
Establishment of an office according to the RSHA
- Department I - Human Resources
- Department II - Administration
- Department III - SD
- Department IV - Gestapo
- Department V - Criminal Police
Personnel occupations
(List is exemplary and incomplete!)
- BdS General Government in Krakow
- SS Brigadefuehrer and Major General of the Police Bruno Linienbach (November 1, 1939 - January 14, 1941)
- SS Oberführer Karl Eberhard Schöngarth (January 14, 1941 - June 9, 1943)
- SS-Oberführer Walther Bierkamp (July 1943 - February 1945)
- KdS Warsaw
- SS-Oberführer Lothar Beutel (September 13, 1939 - October 23, 1939)
- SS-Obersturmbannführer Walter Hammer (autumn 1939)
- KdS Lublin
- SS-Sturmbannführer Alfred Hasselberg (October 23, 1939 - December 1939)
- SS-Sturmbannführer Walter Huppenkothen (January 1940 - June 1941)
- KdS Radom
- SS-Hauptsturmführer Fritz Liphardt (November 1939 - October 1943)
- SS-Obersturmbannführer Joachim Illmer (October 1943 - January 1945)
- KdS Krakow
- SS-Obersturmbannführer Bruno Müller (November / December 1939)
- SS-Sturmbannführer Walter Huppenkothen (December 1939 - January 1940)
- SS-Standartenführer Ludwig Hahn (January 1940 - 14 August 1940)
- SS-Obersturmbannführer Max Großkopf (August 1940 - summer 1943)
- SS-Sturmbannführer Rudolf Batz (1943)
- KdS Lviv
- SS-Obersturmbannführer Helmut Tanzmann (July 1941 - March 1943)
- SS-Obersturmbannführer Josef Witiska (March 1943 - 1944)
- KdS Litzmannstadt (Lodz)
- SS-Obersturmbannführer Otto Bradfisch (summer 1943 - December 1944)
- KdS Warsaw
- BdS Ostland / Ukraine
- SS Brigade Leader and Major General of the Police Walter Stahlecker (November 8, 1941 - March 22, 1942)
- SS-Standartenführer Walter Potzelt , i. V. (March 22, 1942 - April 18, 1942)
- SS Brigade Leader and Major General of the Police Heinz Jost (March 29, 1942 - September 8, 1942)
- SS standard leader Erich Ehrlinger , i. V. (September 7, 1942 - August 1943)
- SS-Oberführer Humbert Achamer-Pifrader (September 26, 1942 - September 18, 1943)
- SS-Oberführer Friedrich Panzinger (September 18, 1943 - May 20, 1944)
- SS-Oberführer Wilhelm Fuchs (May 20, 1944 - October 1944)
- SS-Sturmbannführer Albert Reipert (?)
- BdS Russia Center in Minsk
- SS-Standartenführer Erich Ehrlinger (September 1943 - spring 1944)
- BdS Serbia in Belgrade
- SS-Oberführer Wilhelm Fuchs (late autumn 1941 - January 1942)
- SS-Standartenführer Emanuel Schäfer (January 6, 1942 - December 1944)
- BdS Italy in Verona (summer 1944: relocation to Bozen )
- SS-Gruppenführer Wilhelm Harster (September 4, 1943 - May 8, 1945)
- SS-Sturmbannführer Friedrich Boßhammer (January 1944 - May 1945)
- SS-Sturmbannführer Friedrich Kranebitter (December 1943 - May 1945)
- SS-Gruppenführer Wilhelm Harster (September 4, 1943 - May 8, 1945)
- BdS Trieste
- SS-Standartenführer Emanuel Schäfer (1945)
- BdS Netherlands
- SS Brigade Leader and Major General of the Police Hans Nockemann (May 1940 - July 1940)
- SS-Gruppenführer Wilhelm Harster (July 15, 1940 - August 29, 1943)
- SS-Gruppenführer Erich Naumann (September 1943 - July 1944)
- SS-Oberführer Karl Eberhard Schöngarth (from September 1944)
- BdS France in Paris
- SS-Standartenführer Helmut Bone (May 1940 - September 1944)
- SS-Obersturmbannführer Friedrich Suhr (from November 1944)
- KdS Angers
- KdS Bordeaux
- KdS Châlons-sur-Marne
- SS-Hauptsturmführer Modest Graf von Korff (July 1942 - May 1943)
- SS-Sturmbannführer and Government Councilor Dr. sc. pol. Karl Lüdcke (July 24, 1943 - August 28, 1944)
- KdS Dijon
- KdS Lyon
- KdS Limoges
- KdS Marseille
- SS-Obersturmbannführer Rolf Mühler (January 1943 - June 1944)
- KdS Montpellier
- KdS Nancy
- KdS Orléans
- KdS Paris
- SS-Obersturmbannführer Kurt Lischka (January 1942 - September 1943)
- SS-Obersturmbannführer Hans Henschke (October 1943 - August 1944)
- KdS Poitiers
- KdS Rennes
- KdS Rouen
- Rolf Mühler (April 1941 -?)
- SS-Obersturmbannführer Bruno Müller (May 1944 - November 1944)
- KdS Saint-Quentin
- KdS Toulouse
- KdS Vichy
- BdS Belgium and Northern France ( Brussels )
- SS-Standartenführer Dr. Constantin Canaris
- SS-Obersturmbannführer Karl Hasselbacher
- SS-Obersturmbannführer Ernst Ehlers
- SS-Standartenführer Dr. Constantin Canaris
- KdS Wallonia
- SS-Obersturmbannführer Eduard Strauch (May 31, 1944 - October 1944)
- KdS Wallonia
- BdS Westmark ( Metz )
- SS Brigade Leader Anton Dunckern (July 1940 - June 1944)
- KdS Metz
- SS-Obersturmbannführer Herbert Zimmermann (1944)
- KdS Metz
- SS Brigade Leader Anton Dunckern (July 1940 - June 1944)
- BdS Alsace ( Strasbourg )
- SS-Obergruppenführer Gustav Adolf Scheel (August 1940 - January 1941)
- SS-Oberführer Hans Fischer (November 1941 - December 1943)
- SS-Standartenführer Erich Isselhorst (January 1944 - December 10, 1944)
- BdS Norway
- SS Brigade Leader and Major General of the Police Walter Stahlecker (from May 1940 - autumn 1940)
- SS-Standartenführer and Colonel of the Police Heinrich Fehlis (from autumn 1940 - end of war)
- KdS Oslo
- SS-Standartenführer and Colonel of the Police Heinrich Fehlis (from autumn 1940 - end of war)
- KdS Stavanger
- SS-Sturmbannführer Karl-Heinz Stossberg (April 1940 - November 1940)
- SS-Obersturmbannführer Heinrich Jennessen (November 1940 - September 1941)
- SS-Obersturmbannführer Friedrich Wilkens (September 1941 - April 1945)
- SS-Sturmbannführer Franz Hoth (April 1945 - May 1945)
- KdS Bergen
- SS-Obersturmbannführer Gerhard Flesch (April 1940 - October 1941)
- SS-Obersturmbannführer Hans Wilhelm Blomberg (October 1941 - April 1944)
- SS-Obersturmbannführer Ernst Weimann (June 24, 1944 - May 1945)
- KdS Trondheim
- SS-Sturmbannführer Ingo Eichmann (April 1940 - September 1940)
- SS-Sturmbannführer Hermann Ling (September 1940 - October 1941)
- SS-Obersturmbannführer Gerhard Flesch (October 1941 - May 1945)
- KdS Tromsö (from 1944 Narvik )
- SS-Obersturmbannführer Hans Wilhelm Blomberg (May 1940 - October 1941)
- SS-Obersturmbannführer Heinrich Jennessen (October 1941 - September 1942)
- SS-Sturmbannführer Kurt Stage (October 1942 - May 27, 1944)
- SS-Obersturmbannführer Oswald Poche (May 1944 - April 1945)
- KdS Oslo
- BdS Bohemia and Moravia ( Prague )
- SS Brigade Leader and Major General of the Police Walter Stahlecker (from June 1939)
- SS-Standartenführer Horst Böhme (1942)
- SS-Oberführer Erwin Weinmann (from August 1942)
- BdS Denmark
- SS-Standartenführer Rudolf Mildner (from September 1943)
- SS-Standartenführer Otto Bovensiepen (from January 1944)
- BdS Greece in Athens
- SS-Standartenführer Walter Blume (August 1943 - late 1944)
- KdS Potsdam
- SS-Obersturmbannführer Otto Bradfisch (from January 1945)
- KdS Kassel
- SS-Sturmbannführer Franz Marmon (March 1945)
- KdS Sudetenland
- SS-Obersturmbannführer Bernhard Baatz (from November 1944)
- KdS Estonia
- SS-Standartenführer Martin Sandberger (December 3, 1941 - November 1943)
- SS-Obersturmbannführer Bernhard Baatz (November 1943 - October 1944)
- KdS Lithuania
- SS-Standartenführer and Government Councilor Hans-Joachim Böhme
- KdS Belarus
- SS-Obersturmbannführer Eduard Strauch (December 3, 1941 -?)
- SS-Standartenführer Erich Isselhorst (July 1943 - October 1943)
- KdS Volhynia
- SS-Obersturmbannführer Bruno Müller (October 1943 - March 1944)
- KdS Kiev
- SS-Standartenführer Erich Ehrlinger (December 1941 - September 1943)
see also SS main offices (organizational scheme )
literature
- Hans Buchheim , Martin Broszat , Hans-Adolf Jacobsen , Helmut Krausnick : Anatomy of the SS state. Expert opinion from the Institute for Contemporary History. Volume 1: The SS - the instrument of rule. Command and obedience (= dtv 462). Deutscher Taschenbuch-Verlag, Munich 1967.