Rolf Muhler

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Werner Rolf Mühler (born February 14, 1910 in Limbach , Saxony , † July 31, 1967 in Mülheim an der Ruhr ) was a German employee of the security service of the Reichsführer SS (SD), who was in command of the security police and the SD during the Second World War was deployed in Marseille and was convicted as a war criminal in France after the end of the war .

Mühler (back) in the town hall of Marseille on January 23, 1943, in front of him the Prefect Antoine Lemoine , Police Chief René Bousquet and Mayor Pierre Barraud. Left SS- Sturmbannführer (or better Standartenführer ) and Colonel of the Police Bernhard Griese.

Live and act

After attending school, Mühler studied newer languages ​​( Romance studies and English studies ) and geography in Hagen , Heidelberg and Leipzig from 1929 and completed his studies in February 1935 with the examination for a higher teaching post. After completing his studies, he initially worked as a high school teacher and in the summer of 1935 joined the SS security service full-time. From March 1936 he worked in the SD main office, where he took over the emigration department. In 1937 he became a member of the NSDAP .

After the establishment of the Reich Security Main Office (RSHA) he took over the management of the departments II B 4 ("Marxism") and II B 5 ("Liberalism") in the office group II (SD-Inland) of the RSHA, which is responsible for the fight against the Marxist or liberal opposition in the Nazi state. At the same time he became head of Section VII B 4 ("Other Opponent Groups") in Office Group VII (SD-Abroad). After the German military victory over France in the early summer of 1940, Mühler was a member of the SD-Einsatzkommando Paris , which, after the occupation of the French capital, was responsible for fulfilling special orders such as B. was sent to the arrest of German exiles and important French personalities.

The RSHA's research units were combined under his leadership in the “Evaluation” group of the RSHA. There he was responsible for evaluating sources of loot for the security police service, preparing assessments and all kinds of templates.

On April 1, 1941, he took over the management of the security police branch in Rouen . In November 1942 he was responsible for the Lyon region . From January 1943 to June 1944 was as Mühler Obersturmbannführer leader of the Command of the Security Police and Security Service in Marseille , so during the destruction of the old town and the deportation of many residents to concentration camps. On June 29, 1944, he was reassigned to Amt VI.

From January to February 1945, Mühler was the last in command of what is known as the Schlesiersee office , to which Office VII of the RSHA had been transferred. The headquarters of the office became the Gasthof Brand in Spechtsbrunn near Rudolstadt in Thuringia.

After the war, Mühler was in the American internment camp in Ludwigsburg . The Americans extradited Mühler to France, where he was held in custody for many years. Mühler was sentenced by the military court in Lyon in 1955 to a twenty-year prison term with forced labor, but in 1956 he was "conditionally released" from prison. He then campaigned for the SD members who were still imprisoned in France by successfully promoting their recognition as war returnees. He then worked for an insurance company with Helmut Bone and Hans Henschke in Mülheim an der Ruhr until his death .

See also

literature

  • Bernhard Brunner: The France Complex. The National Socialist Crimes in France and the Justice of the Federal Republic of Germany. Wallstein, Göttingen 2004, ISBN 3-89244-693-8 .
  • Werner Schroeder: "... a treasure trove of literature information". The Leipzig “Office for Document Processing at the Main Security Office (SD)” and the “SD Liaison Office at the German Library”. In: Monika Gibas (Ed.): "Aryanization" in Leipzig. Approaching a long repressed chapter of the city's history from 1933 to 1945. Leipziger Universitätsverlag, Leipzig 2007, ISBN 978-3-86583-142-2 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Death register of the registry office Mülheim an der Ruhr No. 1197/1967.
  2. ↑ Werner Schroeder: "... a treasure trove of literature information". The Leipzig “Office for Document Processing at the Main Security Office (SD)” and the “SD Liaison Office at the German Library” . In: Monika Gibas (Ed.): "Aryanization" in Leipzig. Approaching a long repressed chapter of the city's history from 1933 to 1945. Leipzig 2007, p. 120.
  3. ↑ Michael Wildt: Intelligence Service, Political Elite, Murder Unit .
  4. ↑ Isaac Levendel, Bernard Weisz: Hunting Down the Jews: Vichy, the Nazis and Mafia Collaborators in Provence, 1942-1944 . part V, z1. Enigma Books, 2011, ISBN 978-1-936274-32-1 ( google.co.uk [accessed April 24, 2020]).
  5. ↑ A so-called "war diary" of the "Elsiersee escape point" of Office 7 from the beginning of 1945 is accessible in the Federal Archives Berlin, R 58/1044. Further files were scattered as far as Moscow; Current state of research: see web links, Slawa
  6. ^ Regine Dehnel: Jewish book ownership as looted property. Second Hanover Symposium , 2006, p. 149.
  7. ^ Bernhard Brunner: The France Complex. The National Socialist Crimes in France and the Justice of the Federal Republic of Germany . Wallstein, Göttingen 2004, p. 100.
  8. ^ Bernhard Brunner: The France Complex. The National Socialist Crimes in France and the Justice of the Federal Republic of Germany . Wallstein, Göttingen 2004, p. 166f.
  9. ↑ Ulrich Herbert: Change processes in West Germany: burden, integration, liberalization 1945-1980 . Wallstein Verlag, 2002, ISBN 978-3-89244-609-5 ( google.co.uk [accessed April 24, 2020]).
personal data
SURNAME Mühler, Rolf
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German policeman and KdS Marseille
DATE OF BIRTH February 14, 1910
PLACE OF BIRTH Limbach
DATE OF DEATH July 31, 1967
Place of death Mülheim an der Ruhr