Helmut Bone

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Helmut Bone (1942)

Helmut Bone (born March 14, 1910 in Magdeburg , † April 4, 2003 in Offenbach am Main ) was a German Anglist and SS leader who rose to SS standard leader . In Paris, Bone was the commander of the Security Police (BdS) for occupied France .

Life

Bone studied German, English and sport at the universities of Leipzig , Halle and Göttingen , where he received his doctorate in 1935 . Even before the " seizure of power " he joined the NSDAP (membership number 1.430.331) and the SA in 1932, and in the same year he became the head of the NS student union in Göttingen . On September 1, 1936, on the mediation of Franz Six , Bone went to the SD Upper Section West in Düsseldorf and joined the SS (membership number 280.350). In 1937 he went to Berlin as a consultant to the SD main office . He received recognition there for his involvement in the Venlo incident . In 1940, Bone was seconded to France with Herbert Hagen , where he was promoted to SS-Standartenführer in 1942 .

From June 1940 on, Bone was the chief of the security police and the SD in Paris, where he and some employees took action against Jews and communists. Two years later he was promoted to commander of the Security Police and the SD in France and held this post until September 1944. Together with his superior, the Higher SS and Police Leader Carl Oberg , and his deputy, KdS (Commander of the Security Police) Kurt Lischka , he enforced the deportations of French and foreign Jews to German extermination camps in Paris . After the liberation of France by the Allies, Bone belonged to the Leibstandarte SS Adolf Hitler .

His Gestapo colleague Heinz Röthke wrote a telegram on February 12, 1943, between two deportation trains going from the Drancy assembly camp to Auschwitz, Convois No. 47 (Feb. 11) and No. 48 (Feb. 13), its receipt as a copy by Bones and Carl Oberg both confirmed with their paraphe . Under the title The Final Solution of the Jewish Question in France, register no. XXVI-71, Röthke writes to Heinrich Müller : To prevent French Jews from being deported, the French police arrested 1,300 non-French Jews on February 11 and extradited them to us of their own accord. They will be deported, just like the French Jews. The final sentence makes it clear that, despite attempts to the contrary by the Vichy authorities , who also directed the police in Paris , the Gestapo / SS planned to send all Jews to extermination camps without exception, which also happened with the exception of those in hiding.

After the end of the war

In June 1946 he was sentenced to death by a British military tribunal in Wuppertal for the murder of captured British pilots in the Vosges as part of the aviation trials . However, the judgment was not carried out, instead, on July 1, 1947, he was extradited to France . There he was also sentenced to death on October 10, 1954 by a French military tribunal in Paris. In 1958, the sentence was commuted to life imprisonment, and in December 1962 he was released from French custody. In particular, the President of the Palatinate regional church, Hans Stempel , had campaigned for the imprisoned war criminals, who were referred to in the German public as "prisoners of war". As a result, no further trial was carried out against bones.

Back in Germany , Bone first lived in Baden-Baden and later in Hahnenklee near Clausthal-Zellerfeld . From his first marriage there was a son. From 1963 he lived in Offenbach am Main. Helmut Bone worked as an insurance agent and married a second time in 1982. Bone became a member of Stillen Hilfe , an organization that mainly campaigned for prisoners of Nazi perpetrators. Because of perjury , he was charged in 1968 because he before the district court of Offenburg as a witness had testified that he did not know about the murder of Jews. After that, Bone proceeded differently and advocated amnesia because he "would have suppressed the painful event". In 1987, in the trial against Modest Graf von Korff , KdS von Chalons-sur-Marne , he became “unreachable evidence” when he played golf four hours a day, but could not be summoned as a witness for health reasons. Here, too, the question was whether the commanders of the security police had known that the deportees were gassed in Auschwitz-Birkenau . Ministerialrat Korff was also acquitted for lack of evidence.

marriage and family

Until 1943, Bone was married to Erika ... After their divorce, his former wife married SS leader Herbert Packebusch in 1943 . She died of suicide in Warsaw in January 1944.

See also

literature

  • Ahlrich Meyer: The German occupation in France. Fight against resistance and persecution of Jews. Scientific Book Society, Darmstadt 2000, ISBN 3-534-14966-1 .
  • Ahlrich Meyer : perpetrator under interrogation. The »Final Solution of the Jewish Question« in France 1940–1944. Scientific Book Society , Darmstadt 2005, ISBN 3-534-17564-6 .
  • Claudia Moisel: France and the German war criminals. Law Enforcement Policy and Practice after World War II. (= Norbert Frei (ed.): Contributions to the history of the 20th century. Volume 2) Wallstein, Göttingen 2004, ISBN 3-89244-749-7 .
  • Bernhard Brunner: The France Complex. The National Socialist Crimes in France and the Justice of the Federal Republic of Germany. Wallstein, Göttingen 2004, ISBN 3-89244-693-8 .
  • Ernst Klee : The dictionary of persons on the Third Reich . Who was what before and after 1945 . 2nd Edition. Fischer-Taschenbuch-Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 2007, ISBN 978-3-596-16048-8 .

Web links

Commons : Helmut Bone  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Brunner, p. 35. The following information on the biography is largely based on Brunner.
  2. ↑ a b c Ernst Klee : The dictionary of persons on the Third Reich. Who was what before and after 1945 . Fischer Taschenbuch Verlag, Second updated edition, Frankfurt am Main 2005, p. 320.
  3. ↑ Peter Lieb : Conventional War or Nazi Weltanschauungskrieg - Warfare and Combating Partisans in France 1943/44 , Munich 2007, p. 63
  4. ↑ Back translation from French, according to source.
  5. ^ Brunner: The France Complex. The National Socialist Crimes in France and the Justice of the Federal Republic of Germany , Göttingen 2004, p. 118
  6. ^ Brunner: The France Complex. The National Socialist Crimes in France and the Justice of the Federal Republic of Germany , Göttingen 2004, p. 332
  7. ^ Brunner: The France Complex. The National Socialist Crimes in France and the Justice of the Federal Republic of Germany , Göttingen 2004, p. 337
  8. ^ Modest Alfred Leonard Graf von Korff, retired as Ministerialrat in 1974, see Brunner: The France complex. The National Socialist Crimes in France and the Justice of the Federal Republic of Germany , Göttingen 2004, pp. 175–176
  9. ^ Brunner: The France Complex. The National Socialist Crimes in France and the Justice of the Federal Republic of Germany , Göttingen 2004, p. 372
personal data
SURNAME Bones, Helmut
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German Anglist, SS general and perpetrator of the Holocaust
DATE OF BIRTH March 14, 1910
PLACE OF BIRTH Magdeburg
DATE OF DEATH April 4, 2003
Place of death Offenbach am Main