René Viviani
René Raphaël Adrien Jean Viviani (born November 8, 1863 in Sidi bel Abbès , French North Africa ; † September 6, 1925 in Plessis-Robinson , Département Seine , today Département Hauts-de-Seine ) was a French politician of the Third Republic . From June 1914 to October 1915 he was head of government ( Président du Conseil ) under President Raymond Poincaré .
Viviani was originally a socialist , but like Aristide Briand was expelled from the party when he entered a bourgeois government under Georges Clemenceau . Like Briand, he joined the reform socialist Parti républicain-socialiste . Before he was appointed prime minister, he was a member of several governments in various capacities.
The First World War began during Viviani's tenure . His role before the outbreak and during the first months of the war pales in comparison to the dominant figure Poincarés. A few days before Germany declared war on France on August 3, 1914, the two were on a state visit to Saint Petersburg . Thus the most important representatives of the French executive - Viviani was also foreign minister at the time - were out of the country during the crucial days of the July crisis . In the context of the mobilization of the French troops, his order was given to keep the troops 10 km from the border in order to avoid incidents. In the first months of the war he tried unsuccessfully in a diplomatic initiative to persuade Japan, allied with the Entente , to provide military support in Europe.
Web links
- Newspaper article about René Viviani in the 20th century press kit of the ZBW - Leibniz Information Center for Economics .
Individual evidence
- ^ "Dictionnaire des Parlementaires français", Jean Jolly (1960/1977) p. 3202
- ↑ A. Mombauer: The July Crisis - Europe's Way into the First World War , 2014, p. 90
- ↑ Le Monde diplomatique, April 9, 2010: Going straight ahead into the modern age
| predecessor | Office | successor |
|---|---|---|
| Alexandre Ribot |
Prime Minister of France June 13, 1914-29. October 1915 |
Aristide Briand |
|
Léon Bourgeois Théophile Delcassé |
Foreign Minister of France June 13, 1914–3. August 1914 October 13, 1915–29. October 1915 |
Gaston Doumergue Aristide Briand |
|
Louis Barthou Paul Painlevé |
Minister of Education of France December 9, 1913–9. June 1914 December 12, 1916-20. March 1917 |
Arthur Dessoyes Théodore Steeg |
| Aristide Briand |
Minister of Justice of France October 29, 1915–12. September 1917 |
Raoul Péret |
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Viviani, René |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Viviani, René Raphaël (full name) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | French head of government |
| DATE OF BIRTH | November 8, 1863 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Sidi bel Abbès , French North Africa |
| DATE OF DEATH | September 6, 1925 |
| Place of death | Le Plessis-Robinson , Seine department , France |