List of Justice Ministers of France

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The French Minister of Justice is an important member of the cabinet as he oversees the establishment, maintenance and administration of the judicial system. He is Vice-President of the High Council of the Judiciary, which among other things oversees the careers of most judges and makes recommendations for the advancement of prosecutors. The Minister of Justice's duties also include: monitoring prisons; proposing laws relating to civil, criminal or procedural law. The Minister of Justice acts as the keeper of the seals of France (Garde des Sceaux) ; in this capacity he also keeps the Great Seal of France .

Under the Ancien Régime , the minister responsible for the justice system was named Chancellor of France (Chancelier de France) . The Chancellor was responsible for ensuring that the royal decrees were registered by the various parliaments of the empire. However, the chancellor was appointed for life, which could result in his falling in favor or becoming too ill to serve. In this case his deputy, the keeper of the seals, took over his work. The last chancellor died in 1790, in the middle of the French Revolution . His post has not been refilled. Instead, from 1791 the keeper of the seal bore the additional title "Minister of Justice" (Ministre de la Justice) .

Chancellor (1690–1790)

Chancellor Beginning The End
Louis Phélypeaux de Pontchartrain September 5, 1699 July 1, 1714
Daniel Voysin de La Noiraye July 2, 1714 February 2, 1717
Henri François d'Aguesseau February 3, 1717 October 27, 1750
Guillaume de Lamoignon de Blancmesnil December 10, 1750 September 14, 1768
René-Nicolas-Charles-Augustin de Maupeou September 16, 1768 July 1, 1790

Keeper of the Seal (1699–1790)

Keeper of the Seals Beginning The End
Louis Phélypeaux de Pontchartrain September 5, 1699 July 1, 1714
Daniel Voysin de La Noiraye July 2, 1714 February 2, 1717
Henri François d'Aguesseau February 3, 1717 January 28, 1718
Marc René d'Argenson January 28, 1718 June 7, 1720
Henri François d'Aguesseau June 8, 1720 February 28, 1722
Joseph Jean-Baptiste Fleuriau February 28, 1722 17th August 1727
Germain Louis Chauvelin August 23, 1727 February 20, 1737
Henri François d'Aguesseau February 20, 1737 November 27, 1750
Jean-Baptiste de Machault d'Arnouville November 27, 1750 February 1, 1757
vacant February 1, 1757 October 13, 1761
Nicolas René Berryer October 13, 1761 September 15, 1762
Paul Esprit Feydeau de Brou September 27, 1762 October 3, 1763
René Charles de Maupeou October 3, 1763 September 18, 1768
René Nicolas de Maupeou September 18, 1768 August 24, 1774
Armand Thomas Hue August 24, 1774 April 8, 1787
Chrétien François de Lamoignon April 8, 1787 September 14, 1788
Charles Louis François de Paule de Barentin September 17, 1788 August 3, 1789
Jérôme Champion de Cicé 4th August 1789 November 21, 1790

Minister of Justice (1790–1944)

minister Beginning The End
Marguerite Louis François Duport-Dutertre November 21, 1790 March 23, 1792
Jean-Marie Roland de La Platière March 23, 1792 April 14, 1792
Antoine Duranthon April 14, 1792 4th July 1792
Étienne Louis Hector Dejoly 4th July 1792 August 10, 1792
Georges Danton August 10, 1792 October 9, 1792
Dominique Joseph Garat October 9, 1792 March 20, 1793
Louis-Jérôme Gohier March 20, 1793 April 20, 1794
unoccupied April 20, 1794 November 3, 1795
Philippe Antoine Merlin de Douai November 3, 1795 January 5, 1796
Charles François Jean Joseph Victor Génissieu January 5, 1796 April 4, 1796
Philippe Antoine Merlin de Douai April 4, 1796 September 24, 1797
Charles Joseph Mathieu Lambrechts September 24, 1797 July 20, 1799
Jean Jacques Régis de Cambacérès July 20, 1799 December 25, 1799
André Joseph Abrial December 25, 1799 September 14, 1802
Claude Régnier, duc de Massa September 14, 1802 November 20, 1813
Louis-Mathieu Molé November 20, 1813 April 1, 1814
Pierre Paul Nicolas, baron Henrion de Pansey April 3, 1814 May 13, 1814
Charles, chevalier Dambray May 13, 1814 March 20, 1815
Jean Jacques Régis de Cambacérès, duc de Parme March 20, 1815 June 22, 1815
Antoine, comte Boulay de la Meurthe June 22, 1815 July 7, 1815
Étienne-Denis Pasquier July 9, 1815 September 26, 1815
François, comte de Barbé-Marbois September 26, 1815 May 7, 1816
Charles, chevalier Dambray May 7, 1816 January 19, 1817
Étienne-Denis Pasquier January 19, 1817 December 29, 1818
Pierre François Hercule, comte de Serre December 29, 1818 December 14, 1821
Pierre-Denis, comte de Peyronnet December 14, 1821 January 4, 1828
Joseph Marie, Comte Portalis January 4, 1828 May 14, 1829
Pierre Alpinien Bertrand Bourdeau May 14, 1829 August 8, 1829
Jean Joseph Antoine de Courvoisier August 8, 1829 May 19, 1830
Jean de Chantelauze May 19, 1830 July 31, 1830
Jacques Charles Dupont de l'Eure July 31, 1830 December 27, 1830
Joseph Merilhou December 27, 1830 March 13, 1831
Félix Barthe March 13, 1831 April 4, 1834
Jean-Charles Persil April 4, 1834 February 22, 1836
Paul Sauzet February 22, 1836 September 6, 1836
Jean-Charles Persil September 6, 1836 April 15, 1837
Félix Barthe April 15, 1837 March 31, 1839
Louis Gaspard Amédée, baron Girod de l'Ain March 31, 1839 May 12, 1839
Jean-Baptiste Teste May 12, 1839 March 1, 1840
Alexandre François Vivien March 1, 1840 October 29, 1840
Nicolas Martin du Nord October 29, 1840 March 12, 1847
Michel Pierre Alexis Hébert March 14, 1847 February 24, 1848
Adolphe Crémieux February 24, 1848 June 7, 1848
Eugène Bethmont June 7, 1848 July 17, 1848
Alexandre Marie July 17, 1848 December 20, 1848
Eugène Rouher December 20, 1848 October 26, 1851
Joseph Corbin October 26, 1851 November 1, 1851
Alfred Daviel November 1, 1851 December 3, 1851
Eugène Rouher December 3, 1851 January 22, 1852
Jacques Pierre Charles Abbatucci January 22, 1852 November 11, 1857
Paul de Royer November 11, 1857 May 5, 1859
Claude Alphonse Delangle May 5, 1859 June 23, 1863
Jules Baroche June 23, 1863 July 17, 1869
Jean-Baptiste Duvergier July 17, 1869 January 2, 1870
Émile Ollivier January 2, 1870 August 10, 1870
Michel Grandperret August 10, 1870 September 4, 1870
Adolphe Crémieux September 4, 1870 February 19, 1871
Jules Dufaure February 19, 1871 May 25, 1873
Jean Ernoul May 25, 1873 November 26, 1873
Octave Depeyre November 26, 1873 May 22, 1874
Adrien Tailhand May 22, 1874 March 10, 1875
Jules Dufaure March 10, 1875 December 12, 1876
Louis Martel December 12, 1876 May 17, 1877
Albert de Broglie May 17, 1877 November 23, 1877
François Lepelletier November 23, 1877 December 13, 1877
Jules Dufaure December 13, 1877 February 4, 1879
Philippe Le Royer February 4, 1879 December 28, 1879
Jules Cazot December 28, 1879 January 30, 1882
Gustave Humbert January 30, 1882 August 7, 1882
Pierre Paul Devès August 7, 1882 February 21, 1883
Félix Martin-Feuillée February 21, 1883 April 6, 1885
Henri Brisson April 6, 1885 January 7, 1886
Charles Demole January 7, 1886 December 11, 1886
Ferdinand Sarrien December 11, 1886 May 30, 1887
Charles Mazeau May 30, 1887 November 30, 1887
Armand Fallières November 30, 1887 April 3, 1888
Jean-Baptiste Ferrouillat April 3, 1888 February 5, 1889
Edmond Guyot-Dessaigne February 5, 1889 February 22, 1889
François Thévenet February 22, 1889 March 17, 1890
Armand Fallières March 17, 1890 February 27, 1892
Louis Ricard February 27, 1892 December 6, 1892
Léon Bourgeois December 6, 1892 March 12, 1893
Jules Develle March 12, 1893 March 13, 1893
Léon Bourgeois March 13, 1893 April 4, 1893
Eugène Guérin April 4, 1893 December 3, 1893
Antonin Dubost December 3, 1893 May 30, 1894
Eugène Guérin May 30, 1894 January 26, 1895
Ludovic Trarieux January 26, 1895 November 1, 1895
Louis Ricard November 1, 1895 April 29, 1896
Jean-Baptiste Darlan April 29, 1896 December 2, 1897
Victor Billiard December 2, 1897 June 28, 1898
Ferdinand Sarrien June 28, 1898 November 1, 1898
Georges Lebret November 1, 1898 June 22, 1899
Ernest Monis June 22, 1899 June 7, 1902
Ernest Vallé June 7, 1902 January 24, 1905
Joseph Chaumié January 24, 1905 March 14, 1906
Ferdinand Sarrien March 14, 1906 October 25, 1906
Edmond Guyot-Dessaigne October 25, 1906 December 31, 1907
Aristide Briand 4th January 1908 July 24, 1909
Louis Barthou July 24, 1909 November 3, 1910
Théodore Girard November 3, 1910 March 2, 1911
Antoine Perrier March 2, 1911 June 27, 1911
Jean Cruppi June 27, 1911 January 14, 1912
Aristide Briand January 14, 1912 January 21, 1913
Louis Barthou January 21, 1913 March 22, 1913
Antony Ratier March 22, 1913 December 9, 1913
Jean-Baptiste Bienvenu-Martin December 9, 1913 June 9, 1914
Alexandre Ribot June 9, 1914 June 13, 1914
Jean-Baptiste Bienvenu-Martin June 13, 1914 August 26, 1914
Aristide Briand August 26, 1914 October 29, 1915
René Viviani October 29, 1915 September 12, 1917
Raoul Péret September 12, 1917 November 16, 1917
Louis Nail November 16, 1917 January 20, 1920
Gustave Lhopiteau January 20, 1920 January 16, 1921
Laurent Bonnevay January 16, 1921 January 15, 1922
Louis Barthou January 15, 1922 October 5, 1922
Maurice Colrat October 5, 1922 March 29, 1924
Edmond Lefebvre du Prey March 29, 1924 June 9, 1924
Antony Ratier June 9, 1924 June 14, 1924
René Renoult June 14, 1924 April 17, 1925
Théodore Steeg April 17, 1925 October 11, 1925
Anatole de Monzie October 11, 1925 October 29, 1925
Camille Chautemps October 29, 1925 November 28, 1925
René Renoult November 28, 1925 March 9, 1926
Pierre Laval March 9, 1926 July 19, 1926
Maurice Colrat July 19, 1926 July 23, 1926
Louis Barthou July 23, 1926 November 3, 1929
Lucien Hubert November 3, 1929 February 21, 1930
Théodore Steeg February 21, 1930 March 2, 1930
Raoul Péret March 2, 1930 17th November 1930
Henry Chéron 17th November 1930 January 27, 1931
Léon Bérard January 27, 1931 February 20, 1932
Paul Reynaud February 20, 1932 June 3, 1932
René Renoult June 3, 1932 December 18, 1932
Abel Gardey December 18, 1932 January 31, 1933
Eugène Penancier January 31, 1933 October 26, 1933
Albert Dalimier October 26, 1933 November 26, 1933
Eugène Raynaldy November 26, 1933 January 27, 1934
Eugène Penancier January 27, 1934 February 9, 1934
Henry Chéron February 9, 1934 October 15, 1934
Henry Lémery October 15, 1934 November 8, 1934
Georges Pernot November 8, 1934 June 7, 1935
Léon Bérard June 7, 1935 June 4, 1936
Marc Rucart June 4, 1936 June 22, 1937
Vincent Auriol June 22, 1937 January 18, 1938
César Campinchi January 18, 1938 March 13, 1938
Marc Rucart March 13, 1938 April 10, 1938
Paul Reynaud April 10, 1938 November 1, 1938
Paul Marchandeau November 1, 1938 September 13, 1939
Georges Bonnet September 13, 1939 March 21, 1940
Albert Sérol March 21, 1940 June 16, 1940
Charles Frémicourt June 16, 1940 July 12, 1940
Raphaël Alibert July 12, 1940 January 27, 1941
Joseph Barthélemy January 27, 1941 March 26, 1943
Maurice Gabolde March 26, 1943 August 20, 1944

CFLN Free Justice Commissioners (during the Vichy government 1941–1944)

Commissioner Beginning The End
René Cassin September 24, 1941 June 7, 1943
Jules Abadie June 7, 1943 September 4, 1943
François de Menthon September 4, 1943 September 10, 1944

Minister of Justice (1944 to date)

minister Beginning The End
François de Menthon September 10, 1944 May 30, 1945
Pierre-Henri Teitgen May 30, 1945 December 18, 1946
Paul Ramadier December 18, 1946 January 22, 1947
André Marie January 22, 1947 July 26, 1948
Robert Lecourt July 26, 1948 September 11, 1948
André Marie September 11, 1948 February 13, 1949
Robert Lecourt February 13, 1949 October 28, 1949
René Mayer October 28, 1949 August 11, 1951
Edgar Faure August 11, 1951 January 20, 1952
Léon Martinaud-Déplat January 20, 1952 June 28, 1953
Paul Ribeyre June 28, 1953 June 19, 1954
Emile Hugues June 19, 1954 3rd September 1954
Jean-Michel Guérin de Beaumont 3rd September 1954 January 20, 1955
Emmanuel Temple January 20, 1955 February 23, 1955
Robert Schuman February 23, 1955 February 1, 1956
François Mitterrand February 1, 1956 June 13, 1957
Édouard Corniglion-Molinier June 13, 1957 November 6, 1957
Robert Lecourt November 6, 1957 June 1, 1958
Michel Debre June 1, 1958 January 8, 1959
Edmond Michelet January 8, 1959 August 24, 1961
Bernard Chenot August 24, 1961 April 15, 1962
Jean foyer April 15, 1962 April 6, 1967
Louis Joxe April 6, 1967 May 30, 1968
René Capitant May 30, 1968 April 28, 1969
Jean-Marcel Jeanneney April 28, 1969 June 22, 1969
René Pleven June 22, 1969 March 16, 1973
Pierre Messmer March 16, 1973 April 6, 1973
Jean Taittinger April 6, 1973 May 28, 1974
Jean Lecanuet May 28, 1974 August 27, 1976
Olivier Guichard August 27, 1976 March 30, 1977
Alain Peyrefitte March 30, 1977 May 22, 1981
Maurice Faure May 22, 1981 June 23, 1981
Robert Badinter June 23, 1981 February 19, 1986
Michel Crépeau February 19, 1986 March 20, 1986
Albin Chalandon March 20, 1986 May 12, 1988
Pierre Arpaillange May 12, 1988 October 2, 1990
Henri Nallet October 2, 1990 April 2, 1992
Michel Vauzelle April 2, 1992 March 29, 1993
Pierre Méhaignerie March 29, 1993 May 18, 1995
Jacques Toubon May 18, 1995 June 4th 1997
Elisabeth Guigou June 4th 1997 October 18, 2000
Marylise Lebranchu October 18, 2000 May 7, 2002
Dominique Perben May 7, 2002 June 2, 2005
Pascal Clément June 2, 2005 May 18, 2007
Rachida Dati May 18, 2007 June 23, 2009
Michèle Alliot-Marie June 23, 2009 November 14, 2010
Michel Mercier November 14, 2010 May 15, 2012
Christiane Taubira May 16, 2012 January 27, 2016
Jean-Jacques Urvoas January 27, 2016 May 10, 2017
François Bayrou May 10, 2017 June 21, 2017
Nicole Belloubet June 21, 2017