Dwarf buckthorn
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Dwarf buckthorn ( Rhamnus pumila ) |
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The dwarf buckthorn ( Rhamnus pumila ) is a species of the family of buckthorn plants (Rhamnaceae). Other names are lower buckthorn and in Austria Oreoherzogie .
features
The perennial woody plant forms a prostrate, gnarled dwarf shrub that nestles against the rock (espalier shrub). It reaches heights of growth of up to 20 centimeters. At the ends of the branches the leaves grow in a bushy heap. The alternate leaves are stalked and one to three centimeters long with six to nine lateral nerves. They are often completely bald on the upper side and downy hairy along the nerves. They are lanceolate oval, rounded in front, and wedge-shaped at the base.
The inconspicuous greenish-yellow flowers are four-fold, hermaphroditic or unisexual. They bloom from May to July. The spherical, poisonous fruits are blue-black and slightly shiny. The fruit ripening begins in July.
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 24.
Location and distribution
The dwarf buckthorn colonizes carbonate-poor rock crevices, rock corridors and sunny limestone cliffs. In the Alps it rises to an altitude of 2350 m . He is a Potentilletalia caulescentis order character.
Its distribution area extends from the high mountains of North Africa ( Atlas ), the Pyrenees , Alps, Apennines to the Balkans . In Austria the species is scattered to rare in southern Carinthia and westward from the Salzkammergut . In the northern Alps, it has its eastern limit of distribution in the Trauntal .
literature
- Manfred A. Fischer , Wolfgang Adler, Karl Oswald: Excursion flora for Austria, Liechtenstein and South Tyrol. 2nd, improved and enlarged edition. State of Upper Austria, Biology Center of the Upper Austrian State Museums, Linz 2005, ISBN 3-85474-140-5 .
- Kremer: Strauchhöölze , Niedernhausen, 2002. ISBN 3-576-11478-5
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . 8th edition. Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 . Page 652.
Web links
- Dwarf buckthorn. In: FloraWeb.de.
- Profile and distribution map for Bavaria . In: Botanical Information Hub of Bavaria .
- Rhamnus pumila Turra In: Info Flora , the national data and information center for Swiss flora . Retrieved December 6, 2015.
- Thomas Meyer: Data sheet with identification key and photos at Flora-de: Flora von Deutschland (old name of the website: Flowers in Swabia )