Rhododendron farrerae
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Rhododendron farrerae |
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| Tate ex Sweet |
Rhododendron farrerae also Netzaderige azalea called, is a plant from the genus of Rhododendron ( Rhododendron ) in the family of the Ericaceae (Ericaceae). It is common in China, Taiwan and Japan.
description
Appearance and foliage leaf
Rhododendron farrerae grows as a deciduous shrub that can reach heights of 1.5 to 3 meters. The bark of the twigs is initially hairy and then becomes bald.
The leaves , arranged in three whorls on the branches, are divided into a petiole and a leaf blade. The rough hairy petiole is 0.3 to 0.7 inches long. The simple and parchment-like leaf blade is broadly ovate to diamond-shaped ovoid with a length of 3 to 7 centimeters and a width of 2 to 5 centimeters. The base of the blade is wedge-shaped to rounded, the tip of the blade is pointed and ends in a leaf gland . The spreading edge is finely ciliated and serrated. The upper side of the leaf is initially hairy and bald later, but a sparse hairiness may remain while the underside of the leaf is hairy, especially on the nerves, rarely balding.
Inflorescence and flower
In Japan, the flowering period extends from mid-April to early May, with the flowers opening before the leaves have spread. The terminal flower bud is egg-shaped or oblong-egg-shaped with a length of 7 to 8 millimeters and a width of about 4 millimeters and contains one or two flowers. The outer bud scales are broadly ovate and densely hairy on the outside and densely hairy on the edge. The downy, hairy flower stalk is 0.5 to 0.7 inches long.
The hermaphrodite flowers are five-fold with a double flower envelope. The sepals, which are sparsely hairy on the outside and with rough hair on the edge, form a plate-shaped calyx with a diameter of about 2.5 millimeters. The five approximately 2.5 centimeters long and 3 centimeters wide petals are only fused together at their base in a short open-funnel shape. The color of the petals is purple, they have dark purple speckles on the upper inside. The corolla tube is about 0.5 inches long and bald on both sides. The five corolla lobes are oblong, obovate, with a length of around 2 centimeters and a width of 1 to 1.2 centimeters. Of the ten stamens , the top five are 1 to 1.5 centimeters and the bottom five are 2 to 2.5 centimeters long. The stamens are bare. The ellipsoid anthers are about 1 millimeter long on the shorter stamens and about 2 millimeters long on the longer ones. The egg-shaped ovary is hairy dense rough. The bald stylus is about 2.5 inches long.
Fruit and seeds
The coarse hairy capsule fruit is obliquely oblong to oblong-egg-shaped with a length of 0.7 to 1.2 centimeters and a diameter of 0.4 to 0.5 centimeters. The 1 to 1.2 millimeter long and 0.4 to 0.5 millimeter wide seeds are spindle-shaped with one pointed end and an indistinct appendage at the other end.
Occurrence
The natural range of Rhododendron farrerae is China, Taiwan and the western part of Japan. It includes the Chinese provinces of Chongqing , Fujian , Guangdong , Hunan , Jiangxi and eastern Guangxi . In Japan, it includes the center and south of the island of Honshū and the islands of Shikoku and Kyūshū .
In Japan, rhododendron farrerae thrives in thickets in sunny locations in secondary forests at altitudes of 0 to 700 meters. In China, rhododendron farrerae thrives in dense forests at altitudes of 800 to 2100 meters.
Systematics
The first description of Rhododendron farrerae was in 1831 by Robert Sweet on the basis of an invalid manuscript by the English plant breeder Mr. Tate. The name honors Mrs. Farrer, the wife of Captain Farrer, who imported specimens of this kind in 1829 on the ship "Orwell" of the British East India Company from China. The holotype is the color table accompanying the first description, which is based on a specimen cultivated in England.
Synonyms for rhododendron farrerae Tate ex Sweet are: Azalea farrerae (Tate ex Sweet) K.Koch , Rhododendron cinereoserratum P.C.Tam , Rhododendron daiyunicum P.C.Tam , Rhododendron daiyuenshanicum P.C.Tam , rhododendron farrerae var. Leucotrichum Franch. , Rhododendron gnaphalocarpum Hayata , Rhododendron kiyosumense Makino , Rhododendron dilatatum var. Kiyosumense (Makino) Hatus. , Rhododendron lagopus Nakai , Rhododendron wadanum var. Lagopus (Nakai) H.Hara , Rhododendron reticulatum var. Lagopus (Nakai) Hatus. , Rhododendron mariesii Hemsl. & EHWilson , Rhododendron mariesii f. albiscens B.Y.Ding & GRChen , Rhododendron mayebarae Nakai & H.Hara , Rhododendron nudipes var. mayebarae (Nakai & H.Hara) Kitam. , Rhododendron viscistylum var. Mayebarae (Nakai & H.Hara) Sugim. , Rhododendron mayebarae var. Ohsumiense T.Yamaz. , Rhododendron nagasakianum Nakai , Rhododendron nudipes var. Nagasakianum (Nakai) T.Yamaz , Rhododendron nudipes Nakai , Rhododendron reticulatum var. Nudipes (Nakai) Hatus. , Rhododendron nudipes var. Kirishimense T.Yamaz. , Rhododendron nudipes subsp. niphophilum T. Yamaz . , Rhododendron lagopus var. Niphophilum (T.Yamaz.) T.Yamaz. , Rhododendron nudipes var. Tokushimense T.Yamaz. , Rhododendron lagopus var. Tokushimense (T.Yamaz.) T.Yamaz. , Rhododendron nudipes var. Tsurugisanense T.Yamaz. , Rhododendron lagopus var. Tsurugisanense (T.Yamaz.) T.Yamaz. , Rhododendron nudipes var. Yakumontanum T.Yamaz. , Rhododendron reticulatum D.Don ex G.Don , Rhododendron reticulatum var. Bifolium T.Yamaz. , Rhododendron reticulatum f. bifolium (T.Yamaz.) T.Yamaz. , Rhododendron reticulatum var. Ciliatum Nakai , Rhododendron reticulatum var. Parvifolium T.Yamaz. , Rhododendron reticulatum f. parvifolium (T.Yamaz.) T.Yamaz. , Rhododendron reticulatum f. trichostylum M. Mizush. ex Okuhara , Rhododendron shimidzuanum Honda ex Makino & Nemoto , Rhododendron tsurugisanense var. nudipetiolatum T.Yamaz. , Rhododendron umbelliferum H.Lév. Hayata , Rhododendron shojoense .
The name Rhododendron reticulatum was previously accepted for the plants from the Japanese subarea . Xiao-Feng et al. 2010 could not find any taxonomically relevant differences when comparing several hundred herbarium specimens from Japan and China and therefore put Rhododendron reticulatum in the synonymy of Rhododendron farrerae . Rhododendron reticulatum D.Don ex G.Don was published in 1834 by George Don junior on the basis of a nomenclaturally invalid manuscript by David Don . The only indication of origin is that Mr. Knight of King's Road in Chelsea imported this species from the mountains of Japan. G. Don does not mention any illustration or herbarium in the protologue to the species. In order to fix the use of this name, it was necessary to define a type. Since no herbarium material used for the first description was available to them, Xiao-Feng selected a herbarium sheet collected by the Japanese botanist F. Yamazaki as a neotype , which is deposited in the herbarium of the University of Tokyo, which has reticulated leaves and a few flowers according to the first description contains.
In Xiao-Feng et al. 2010, subtaxa are no longer recognized.
Rhododendron farrerae belongs to the section Brachycalyx Sweet , which was previously placed in the subgenus Azaleastrum , but today in the subgenus Tsutsusi (Sweet) Pojark. belongs within the genus Rhododendron .
swell
- Fang Mingyuan (方明渊), Fang Ruizheng (方 瑞 征 Fang Rhui-cheng), He Mingyou (何明友), Hu Linzhen (胡琳贞 Hu Ling-cheng), Yang Hanbi (杨汉 碧), David F. Chamberlain: Rhododendron. In: Wu Zheng-yi, Peter H. Raven, Deyuan Hong (Eds.): Flora of China . Volume 14: Apiaceae through Ericaceae . Science Press / Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing / St. Louis 2005, ISBN 1-930723-41-5 , Rhododendron farrerae , p. 433 (English, online ).
- T. Yamazaki: Rhododendron reticulatum. In: Flora of Japan. www.foj.cu-tokyo.ac.jp, accessed on July 10, 2014 (English). Rhododendron from T. Yamazaki . Pp. 16-44. In: K. Iwatsuki, T. Yamazaki, DE Boufford, H. Ohba (Eds.): Flora of Japan. Volume 3a, Kodansha. Tokyo, 1993.
- Jin Xiao-Feng, Ding Bing-Yang, Zhang Yue-Jiao, Hong De-Yuan: A Taxonomic Revision Of Rhododendron subg. Tsutsusi sect. Brachycalyx (Ericaceae). In: Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden. Volume 97, No. 2, 2010, pp. 163-190 (here v. A, pp. 176-182), doi: 10.3417 / 2007139 , (PDF file) .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c Rhododendron farrerae in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved July 10, 2014.
- ↑ a b c d e f g T. Yamazaki: Rhododendron reticulatum. (No longer available online.) In: Flora of Japan. www.foj.cu-tokyo.ac.jp, archived from the original on July 3, 2007 ; accessed on July 9, 2014 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ a b c d e f g Jin Xiao-Feng, Ding Bing-Yang, Zhang Yue-Jiao, Hong De-Yuan: A Taxonomic Revision Of Rhododendron subg. Tsutsusi sect. Brachycalyx (Ericaceae). In: Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden. Volume 97, No. 2, 2010, pp. 163-190, doi: 10.3417 / 2007139 , (PDF file) .
- ↑ a b Rhododendron. In: Wu Zheng-yi, Peter H. Raven, Deyuan Hong (Eds.): Flora of China . Volume 14: Apiaceae through Ericaceae . Science Press / Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing / St. Louis 2005, ISBN 1-930723-41-5 , Rhododendron farrerae , p. 433 (English, online ).
- ↑ a b Robert Sweet: The British flower garden, (series the second,) containing colored figures & descriptions of the most ornamental and curious hardy flowering plants. Volume 1, J. Ridgway, London 1831, plate 95 and two pages of text, preview in Google Book Search.
- ↑ a b George Don junior: A General History of the Dichlamydeous Plants comprising complete descriptions of the different orders ... the whole arranged according to the natural system. Volume 3 Calyciflorae. JG and F. Rivington, London 1834, p. 846 (online) .
- ↑ Rhododendron farrerae at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed July 10, 2014.
- ^ A b John McNeill et al: International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Melbourne Code) (= Regnum Vegetabile. Volume 154). ARG Gantner, Ruggell 2012, ISBN 978-3-87429-425-6 , Articles 9.16, 9.18 (online).
