Rhus aromatica

Rhus aromatica
	Rhus aromatica
Systematics
Class :	Bedecktsamer (Magnoliopsida)
	Eurosiden II
Order :	Sapindales (Sapindales)
Family :	Sumac family (Anacardiaceae)
Genre :	Rhus
Type :	Rhus aromatica
Scientific name
	Rhus aromatica
	Aiton

Rhus aromatica is a species of the genus Rhus within the sumac family(Anacardiaceae). It is native to North America. German-language common names are fragrant sumac and spice sumac, and an English-language common name is fragrant sumac .

Description and ecology

Illustration from American medicinal plants; an illustrated and descriptive guide to the American plants used as homopathic remedies- their history, preparation, chemistry and physiological effects , 1887

Branch with three-part pinnate leaves in autumn colors and budding inflorescences for the coming growing season

Branch with inflorescences before the leaves unfold

Infructescence with ripening fruits

Vegetative characteristics

Rhus aromatica is a roundish, deciduous shrub that grows up to 4 meters high.

Rhus aromatica has shallow roots with flexible roots and is easy to transplant. Some of the branches, if they touch the ground, may take root, forming colonies if conditions are suitable.

The leaves and stems of Rhus aromatica give off a lemony aroma when rubbed, hence the epithon aromatica . The leaves are similar to those of the poisonous climbing sumac ( Rhus radicans ), but Rhus aromatica is not poisonous and Rhus radicans does not give off an aromatic scent. The alternate leaves are pinnate in three parts, with the middle leaf being the largest. In autumn, like other sumac plants, they turn bright yellow to red and purple in color.

Generative characteristics

Rhus aromatica is dioecious separately sexed ( diocesan ). The flowering time is in March and April, even before the leaves appear. The yellow flowers are arranged in inflorescences .

The hairy stone fruits ripen in July and August and turn red; they stay on the bush until the following March, unless they have been eaten by birds or small mammals.

Occurrence

Rhus aromatica occurs in southern Canada ( Alberta to Quebec ) and in almost all of the continental United States except Florida .

Rhus aromatica grows in higher-lying open forests, fields, "wastelands" and on rocky cliffs. The demands on the habitat are higher than those of the climbing poison sumac, which grows in much more diverse biotopes. Rhus aromatica grows in deep shade, but also in blazing sun, on well-aerated, slightly acidic to moderately alkaline soils with soil pH values of 6.0 to 8.5.

Systematics

The first publication of Rhus aromatica was in 1789 by William Aiton in Hortus Kewensis; or, a catalog ... , 1, page 367.

There are varieties described.

use

Rhus aromatica is grown by large, broad-species nurseries, or in natural nurseries, and is occasionally planted in the countryside of the midwestern and eastern United States.

While the wild form is not very well known and is often used by landscapers and garden owners, the 'Gro-low' cultivar is often used as a higher ground cover and is often offered in garden centers. However, the bulk of it is used by landscape gardeners, architects, and designers who are familiar with this plant variety, while most gardeners look for ground covers and shrubs with attractive flowers or evergreen foliage. 'Gro-low' grows about 2 ft (0.6 m) tall and spreads up to 8 ft (2.4 m).

Protection status in the USA

Rhus aromatica is in Connecticut as a "kind of particular interest" ( English species of special concern , the data are not sufficient for an assessment) considered or "locally extinct". However, this only applies to populations in the wild. It is considered introduced in Connecticut, Washington and New Hampshire at the same time .

Individual evidence

^ ^A ^b ^c Rhus aromatica in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved June 23, 2019.
^ Rhus aromatica . United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service. Retrieved October 21, 2015.
↑ Gary L. Highshoe: Native Trees, Shrubs, and Vines for Urban and Rural America . Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York 1988, ISBN 9780471288794 .
↑ ^a ^b Rhus aromatica, 2014 county distribution map . Biota of North America Program. Retrieved April 20, 2019.
^ Rhus aromatica in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved June 23, 2019.
↑ Connecticut's Endangered, Threatened and Special Concern Species 2015 . State of Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection Bureau of Natural Resources. Retrieved January 28, 2018.

Web links

Commons : Rhus aromatica - collection of images, videos and audio files

Data sheet with photos at missouriplants . (English)

[GRIN-1] A ^b ^c Rhus aromatica in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved June 23, 2019.

[USDA-2] Rhus aromatica . United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service. Retrieved October 21, 2015.

[Highshoe1988-3] Gary L. Highshoe: Native Trees, Shrubs, and Vines for Urban and Rural America . Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York 1988, ISBN 9780471288794 .

[BONAP-4] Rhus aromatica, 2014 county distribution map . Biota of North America Program. Retrieved April 20, 2019.

[Tropicos-5] Rhus aromatica in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved June 23, 2019.

[ConnecticutDepartmentEnergyEnvironmentalProtectionBureauOfNaturalResources-6] Connecticut's Endangered, Threatened and Special Concern Species 2015 . State of Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection Bureau of Natural Resources. Retrieved January 28, 2018.