Ribonucleotides

Ribonucleotides are the building blocks of ribonucleic acid (RNA). Together with the deoxyribonucleotides , they belong to the nucleotides . Ribonucleotides consist of a nucleoside in which the sugar D - ribose, with one of the nucleobases - such as the purine bases adenine  (A) and guanine  (G) or the pyrimidine bases cytosine  (C), uracil  (U) and rarely thymine  ( T) - is linked, as well as a phosphate residue .

Monophosphates

In the food industry, mixtures of ribonucleotides with a phosphate group (nucleoside monophosphate, NMP) are used as flavor enhancers and declared as calcium 5′-ribonucleotide (E 634), disodium 5′-ribonucleotide (E 635):

• 

  Adenosine monophosphate
  (AMP)

• 

  Guanosine monophosphate
  (GMP)

• 

  Cytidine monophosphate
  (CMP)

• 

  Uridine monophosphate
  (UMP)

Diphosphates

The natural nucleoside diphosphates (NDP) are:

• 

  Adenosine diphosphate
  (ADP)

• 

  Guanosine diphosphate
  (GDP)

• 

  Cytidine diphosphate
  (CDP)

• 

  Uridine diphosphate
  (UDP)

Triphosphates

The natural nucleoside triphosphates (NTP) are:

• 

  Adenosine triphosphate
  (ATP)

• 

  Guanosine triphosphate
  (GTP)

• 

  Cytidine triphosphate
  (CTP)

• 

  Uridine triphosphate
  (UTP)

literature

• Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Lubert Stryer : Biochemie , 6th edition, Spectrum Akademischer Verlag, Heidelberg 2007, ISBN 978-3-8274-1800-5 .
• Donald Voet, Judith G. Voet: Biochemistry , 3rd Edition, John Wiley & Sons, New York 2004, ISBN 0-471-19350-X .
• Bruce Alberts , Alexander Johnson, Peter Walter, Julian Lewis, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts: Molecular Biology of the Cell , 5th Edition, Taylor & Francis 2007, ISBN 978-0-81534106-2 .