Külmla manor

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Külmla manor
The Külmla manor in the early 1920s

The Külmla manor is a former estate in Külmla , a district of Schöndorf in the Saale-Orla district .

history

middle Ages

The manor, like the town of Külmla, was first mentioned in a document in 1378, but it is assumed that the origins lie a few centuries earlier and are related to the castle-like fortifications, the remains of which are referred to as the sheep's ditch. From 1389, the Külmla manor was the seat of the knights Hans and Nicol von Obernitz, along with the Tausa manor . The Schöndorf farmers were also subordinate to them in court, because these nobles also had jurisdiction over the surrounding villages. This jurisdiction can be seen in the Külmla coat of arms, which has a Justitia for this same place of jurisdiction. The Amtsberg, a hill between Külmla and Tausa , also points to a place of justice where court judgments have been carried out.

Extra-territorial possession

In the course of time, the manor also included several extraterritorial possessions, such as the Finkenmühle between Volkmannsdorf and Knau . It was built after the Thirty Years' War as a preliminary work for the Külmla estate and belonged to the estate until 1880. The Ludwigshütte , which is about 1.2 kilometers down the Saale from Ziegenrück , was part of the Külmla manor as a hammer mill in 1654, but came into the possession of the Weißker family from Schleiz at the beginning of the 19th century .

17th to 20th century

In 1644 ownership of the estate changed from the von Obernitz family to a gentleman from Graefendorf and Feilitzsch. In 1785 the Külmla manor with the old manor burned down completely. From spring 1815 to 1868 the manor belonged to the State of Prussia as a chamber property . After that there were several owners of the property until the Golle family from Leubsdorf near Triptis bought the property in 1877.

A schnapps distillery belonged to the manor, which was located below the entrance to the courtyard. The old chimney was square and the dimensions were about 2 by 2 meters. Grain schnapps was distilled , which at that time cost 18 pfennigs per liter. However, since the liquor tax was introduced after 1870 and the price increased to 22 pfennigs per liter, the distillery would no longer have been profitable and was shut down. The estate also included three workers' houses on the opposite side of the street and an approximately 100 by 50 meter large manor garden, which was on the side of the manor in the direction of Ziegenrück.

After the First World War

The separation took place in Külmla between 1923 and 1928 . This was initiated by the manor owner Leo Golle. For Golle, the goal was to create a private hunting district in the corridors of the estate. To do this, he needed 75 hectares of contiguous agricultural, forestry or fishing land, which he obtained through the exchange of the separations. The size of the manor at that time was 560 acres, about 140 hectares. For the manor there was a separate manor district Külmla, which existed next to the community Külmla, that means the manor owner managed his estate and the community elected its mayor. In 1929 the Külmla manor district was dissolved, so that the manor owner Golle only had the same rights and obligations as any other member of the community.

During the Second World War, prisoners of war and foreign workers were also used to work on the estate, but also on the farms of the village. The name Franzosenweg for a forest path that French prisoners of war helped to create is still a reminder today.

After the world war

The manor was expropriated in 1946 according to order 209 of the SMAD. Leo GoIIe, the last owner, was expelled from Schleiz district , and soon afterwards he died in Triptis. The land belonging to the estate was divided between farm workers and poor farmers. just like the estate garden. In order to break up the character of the estate, the long buildings on the long sides were divided in the middle by removing a section about 5 meters wide. In addition, the large barn on the southeast side of the property was demolished. In the course of the renovation, apartments for resettlers were set up in several buildings on the estate . The greater part of the manor was used after the war as a branch of the machine rental station (MAS) Oettersdorf founded on April 13, 1949 . In 1955 this MAS was converted into a machine-tractor station (MTS). In 1960 the MTS was dissolved and the Külmla branch went into the newly founded LPG "Einigkeit" Külmla, which merged on January 1st, 1967 with the LPGs Tausa and Schöndorf to form the LPG "Goldene Aue". The property's buildings were used as the administration of the LPG, as a tractor and agricultural machinery repair workshop and as a bull barn. In the 1980s, the tractor  workshop became part of the Krölpa District Farm for Technology (KfL) and was integrated into the LPG plant production "Ernst Thälmann" Knau from 1986.

present 

The former Külmla manor today
The former manor Külmla is now part of the Grau Külmla farm.

After the fall of the Wall , several buildings on the estate had to be demolished due to severe disrepair, the last one in autumn 2016. Today the former estate belongs to the Grau family from Külmla, who run an agricultural business there.

Today only two buildings are left of the former estate, one of which is the former tractor workshop. A modern hall was built for the Grau farm on the site where the bull barn once stood.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Author collective: Festschrift 625 years Külmla, Schöndorf, Tausa . Ed .: Dorf- und Heimatverein Gemeinde Schöndorf eV June 2003, p. 6-9 .
  2. ^ A b c Author collective: Festschrift 625 years Külmla, Schöndorf, Tausa . Ed .: Dorf- und Heimatverein Gemeinde Schöndorf eV June 2003, p. 10-19 .
  3. ↑ Annelie Schneider: Scientific homework on the first state examination for teaching at grammar schools, in the subject of German - Topic: The field names of the community Schöndorf in the Saale-Orla district with the districts Schöndorf, Külmla and Tausa . S. 112 .
  4. ↑ a b c d e f Sven Samesch, Village and Heimatverein Gemeinde Schöndorf eV - current field name research of the community Schöndorf
  5. ↑ Alexander Blöthner: Fabulous walks in the Saale-Orla district. Volume I: Castles, churches, Celtic field names, archaeological sites, places of worship . Ed .: Alexander Blöthner. Books on Demand, Norderstedt, 2014, ISBN 978-3-8482-0912-5 , pp. 52 .
  6. ↑ Alexander Blöthner: Volume I: Palaces, churches, Celtic field names , archaeological sites, places of worship . Ed .: Alexander Blöthner. Books on Demand, Norderstedt 2014, ISBN 978-3-8482-0912-5 , pp. 123 .
  7. ↑ a b c d e f g Author collective: Festschrift 625 years Külmla, Schöndorf, Tausa . Ed .: Dorf- und Heimatverein Gemeinde Schöndorf eV Schöndorf 2003, p. 23-29 .
  8. ↑ Alexander Blöthner: Fabulous walks in the Saale-Orla district. Volume I: Castles, churches, Celtic field names, archaeological sites, places of worship . Ed .: Alexander Blöthner. Books on Demand, Norderstedt 2014, ISBN 978-3-8482-0912-5 , pp. 78-80 .
  9. ↑ Author collective: Festschrift 625 years Külmla, Schöndorf, Tausa . Ed .: Dorf- und Heimatverein Gemeinde Schöndorf eV Schöndorf 2003, p. 128-140 .
  10. ↑ Author collective: Festschrift 625 years Külmla, Schöndorf, Tausa . Ed .: Dorf- und Heimatverein Gemeinde Schöndorf eV Schöndorf 2003, p. 52-57 .
  11. ↑ a b Author collective: Festschrift 625 years Külmla, Schöndorf, Tausa . Ed .: Dorf- und Heimatverein Gemeinde Schöndorf eV Schöndorf 2003, p. 34-38 .
  12. ^ A b Benno Grau, private archive and Ortschronik Külmla
  13. ↑ a b c d e f collective of authors: Festschrift 625 years Külmla, Schöndorf, Tausa . Ed .: Dorf- und Heimatverein Gemeinde Schöndorf eV Schöndorf 2003, p. 58-88 .
  14. ↑ Geoportal Thuringia - aerial photographs and orthophotos. State of Thuringia, accessed on March 11, 2017 .