Robert Stewart, 1st Duke of Albany
Robert Stewart, 1st Duke of Albany (* around 1340 ; † September 3, 1420 at Stirling Castle ) was a Scottish prince and nobleman .
He was the third son of Robert II , King of Scotland, and his first wife, Elizabeth Mure of Rowallan. He was raised to Earl of Fife in 1371 and finally April 28, 1398 to 1st Duke of Albany .
Life
Between 1383 and 1407 Robert held the office of Great Chamberlain of Scotland under the reign of Robert III. From 1406 he was regent for James I , who was in English captivity . The Duke led several successful campaigns against England.
Since 1394 Robert was also 2nd Earl of Buchan and since 1403 1st Earl of Atholl , but lost the latter title again in 1406. He renounced the title of Earl of Buchan in favor of his younger son John. Around 1390 he built Doune Castle , north of Stirling , which has been little changed since then. Robert Stewart, Duke of Albany, is buried in Dunfermline Abbey .
progeny
Robert married after papal dispensation first wife Margaret Graham, Countess of Menteith († 1380), daughter of Mary Stewart, Countess of Menteith and Sir John Graham . As a result of this marriage, Robert became Earl of Menteith in 1361 . With her he had the following children:
- Murdoch Stewart, 2nd Duke of Albany (1362-1425);
- Lady Isabel Stewart ⚭ (1) Alexander Leslie, 7th Earl of Ross , ⚭ (2) Walter Haliburton;
- Lady Marjorie Stewart ⚭ Duncan Campbell, 1st Lord Campbell ;
- Lady Margaret Stewart ⚭ Sir John de Swinton of that Ilk;
- Lady Joan Stewart ⚭ Robert Stewart, 1st Lord Lorne ;
- Lady Beatrice Stewart ⚭ James Douglas, 7th Earl of Douglas ;
- Lady Mary Stewart ⚭ Sir William Abernethy of Saltoun
In his second marriage he married Muriella, daughter of the Scottish Grand Marshal William de Keith, with her he had the children:
- John Stewart, 3rd Earl of Buchan (around 1381–1424), Connétable of France ;
- Lord Robert Stewart († 1424);
- Lord Andrew Stewart;
- Lady Elizabeth Stewart ⚭ Sir Malcolm Fleming of Biggar and Cumbernauld ( House Fleming ).
literature
- Thomas Finlayson Henderson: Stewart, Robert (1340? –1420) . In: Sidney Lee (Ed.): Dictionary of National Biography . Volume 54: Stanhope - Stovin. , MacMillan & Co, Smith, Elder & Co., New York City / London 1898, pp. 339 - 342 (English).
- SI Boardman: Stewart, Robert, first duke of Albany (c.1340-1420), prince and governor of Scotland. In: Henry Colin Gray Matthew, Brian Harrison (Eds.): Oxford Dictionary of National Biography , from the earliest times to the year 2000 (ODNB). Oxford University Press, Oxford 2004, ISBN 0-19-861411-X , ( oxforddnb.com license required ), as of May 2006
Web links
- Robert Stewart, 1st Duke of Albany on thepeerage.com
Individual evidence
- ^ Frederick Maurice Powicke , Edmund Boleslav Fryde: Handbook of British Chronology. Royal Historical Society, London 1961, p. 477
- ^ Frederick Maurice Powicke, Edmund Boleslav Fryde: Handbook of British Chronology. Royal Historical Society, London 1961, p. 466
- ^ A b Frederick Maurice Powicke, Edmund Boleslav Fryde: Handbook of British Chronology. Royal Historical Society, London 1961, p. 471
- ^ Frederick Maurice Powicke, Edmund Boleslav Fryde: Handbook of British Chronology. Royal Historical Society, London 1961, p. 469
| predecessor | Office | successor |
|---|---|---|
| Mary Stewart |
Earl of Menteith (de iure uxoris) 1361-1420 |
Murdoch Stewart |
| New title created |
Earl of Fife 1371-1420 |
Murdoch Stewart |
| Alexander Stewart |
Earl of Buchan 1394-1406 |
John Stewart |
| New title created |
Duke of Albany 1398-1420 |
Murdoch Stewart |
| New title created |
Earl of Atholl 1403-1406 |
Title expired |
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Stewart, Robert, 1st Duke of Albany |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Stuart, Robert |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | scottish prince |
| DATE OF BIRTH | around 1340 |
| DATE OF DEATH | September 3, 1420 |
| Place of death | Stirling Castle , Scotland |