Roger Poitevin

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Roger Poitevin (also Roger Poictevin, Roger Pictavinus ; * around 1065, † before 1140) was a Norman nobleman who owned large estates both in England and - through his marriage - in France.

Life

Roger was the third son of Roger de Montgomerie, 1st Earl of Shrewsbury and Mabile de Bellême , on the paternal side a member of the Montgommery family , on the maternal side of the Bellême family . He got his nickname after he married an heiress from the Poitou . He acquired extensive estates in England prior to 1086 with estates in Salfordshire (the southeastern part of Lancashire ), Essex , Suffolk , Nottinghamshire , Derbyshire , Lincolnshire and Hampshire . Most of his property was between Mersam et Ripam , i. H. between Mersey and Ribble in Lancashire, and is later referred to as the Honor of Lancaster. Also before 1086 he had married Almodis, daughter of Count Aldebert II of La Marche in Poitou and sister and later heir of Count Boso III. from La Marche . In 1088 he commanded a campaign by King Wilhelm Rufus against William de Saint-Calais, the Bishop of Durham , who was in revolt; he also led negotiations with the bishop on behalf of the king before Saint-Calais was brought to trial. After 1090 he got the title of 1st Lord of Bowland, in addition, he earned the Honor of Eye in central Suffolk.

As a short time later (around 1091) Count Boso III. died, Roger could apparently not come to France to take over the inheritance for his wife, so that her uncle Odo took over the title of count. During this time he supported the king in his invasion of Cumbria , who moved the border of Norman England to beyond Carlisle . This support brought him large parts of what is now Lancashire in 1092, control of the land north of the Ribble to the Lune , as well as the region around Furness and Cartmel .

In 1094 Wilhelm Rufus sent him to France to defend Argentan Castle in Normandy against the French, but on the first day of the siege he gave it to King Philip I ; Roger and his soldiers were captured and released for a ransom. Although Philip was an ally of William's opponent Robert II of Normandy , it is believed that Roger's submission was less a betrayal of William than the fact that he was simultaneously a vassal of the King of England and the King of France. As a consequence, Wilhelm did not consider him for further tasks, but his property in England was not affected. About the next years of life Rogers is not known, he only reappeared in 1102, when he joined the rebellion of his brother Robert de Bellême against the new King Henry I in favor of Robert II and now the English possession was taken from him.

Roger now went to his wife's land, County Marche. Count Odo was deposed in 1104 and the sons of Roger and Almodis were recognized as counts. In 1109 Roger was allowed to return briefly to the English court, but was not given back his previous possessions. A little later he withdrew from the administration of the County of Marche, where now his wife and sons exercised power alone.

family

The children of Roger and Almodis were u. a .:

literature

  • JFA Mason: Montgomery, Roger de, first earl of Shrewsbury (d. 1094). In: Henry Colin Gray Matthew, Brian Harrison (Eds.): Oxford Dictionary of National Biography , from the earliest times to the year 2000 (ODNB). Oxford University Press, Oxford 2004, ISBN 0-19-861411-X , ( oxforddnb.com license required ), as of 2004
  • Victoria Chandler: The Last of the Montgomerys: Roger the Poitevin and Arnulf , in Historical Research, 62, 1989, pp. 1-14
  • CP Lewis: The King and Eye: a Study in Anglo-Norman Politics , English Historical Review, 104, 1989, pp. 569-87
  • George Edward Cokayne : The Complete Peerage of England Scotland Ireland Great Britain and the United Kingdom . Volume IV & Appendix I, pp. 762-5
  • Charles Lethbridge Kingsford:  Roger de Montgomery . In: Sidney Lee (Ed.): Dictionary of National Biography . Volume 49:  Robinson - Russell. MacMillan & Co, Smith, Elder & Co., New York City / London 1897, pp 101 - 103 (English, is: Roger the Poitevin (fl 1110). , Pp 102-103).

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d Mason, in: Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
  2. ↑ John Morris (ed.): Domesday Book : Cheshire. Phillimore & Co .., 1978, pp. R1: 1-45
  3. ^ A b Lewis: The King and Eye: a Study in Anglo-Norman Politics
  4. ↑ a b Chandler: The Last of the Montgomerys: Roger the Poitevin and Arnulf
personal data
SURNAME Roger Poitevin
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Roger Poictevin; Roger Pictavinus
BRIEF DESCRIPTION norman nobleman
DATE OF BIRTH around 1065
DATE OF DEATH before 1140