Rose-bellied Andean Hummingbird
| Rose-bellied Andean Hummingbird | ||||||||||||
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Rose-bellied Andean Hummingbird illustrated by John Gould and Henry Constantine Richter |
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| Coeligena helianthea | ||||||||||||
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The rose-bellied Andean hummingbird ( Coeligena helianthea ) or sometimes the blue-throated musketeer is a species of bird from the hummingbird family (Trochilidae) found in Colombia and Venezuela . The IUCN assesses the population as Least Concern .
features
The rose-bellied Andean hummingbird reaches a body length of about 12 cm, with a weight of the males from 7.1 to 7.6 g and the females from 6.0 to 6.5 g. The male has a long straight black beak. The head is black with a dark green front skull and a white spot behind the eye. The top is dark with a slight emerald tint. The back part of the back and the rump are dark blue with a little purple. The underside is dark gray with an emerald shimmer. The dark purple throat spot shimmers, turns pink in the rear area of the underside and on the under tail coverts. The tail is forked and bronze black. The female resembles the male but has a longer beak and a gray-green head. The top is golden-green which turns into blue-violet at the rump. This is not as noticeable as in the male. The throat and chest are reddish brown, but there are also green sequins on the chest . The belly is pinkish red, the under tail-coverts lighter, without the pinkish tint. The tail is less forked and dark bronze black. Immature juveniles resemble the females.
Behavior and nutrition
The rose-bellied Andean hummingbird gets its nectar from plants of the genera Befaria , Bomarea , Elleanthus , Fuchsia , Macleania , Macrocarpea , Symbolanthus and Tropaeolum as well as the species Cavendishia cordifolia . Specimens have been observed to prey on the nectar through pierced holes in the base of the long petals of passion flowers made by the slate hookbill . Insects are usually picked from the leaves, but are occasionally hunted in the air. As a trapliner it flies regularly in quick succession to very specific scattered flowers in the lower strata .
Vocalizations
The rose-bellied Andean hummingbird is considered a quiet contemporary about whose song little is known. A sound he makes is a single quirky chit tone.
Reproduction
The breeding season for the rose-bellied Andean hummingbird is from May to October. Otherwise little is known about its breeding biology.
distribution and habitat
The rose-bellied Andean hummingbird prefers cloud forests and small forests, forest edges, slopes with scrub and gardens with flowering plants. Most of the time he is out and about in open areas or in bushy sub- páramo . It moves at altitudes from 1900 to 3300 meters. While the nominate form can be found from the Sierra de Perijá to Bogotá, C. h. tamai at home in the páramo of the El Tamá National Park in Táchira in Venezuela.
migration
Little research has been done into the migratory behavior of the rose-bellied Andean hummingbird, but it is likely that it migrates as a line bird at high altitude.
Subspecies
There are two known subspecies:
- Coeligena helianthea helianthea ( Lesson, RP , 1839) occurs in northern and eastern Colombia.
- Coeligena helianthea tamai Berlioz & Phelps , 1953 is widespread in western Venezuela. The males of the subspecies are more dull, the belly and the under tail-coverts are bluish with less pink. Females resemble those of the nominate form .
Etymology and history of research
The first description of Rose abdominal Andean hummingbirds carried out in 1839 by René Lesson under the scientific name Ornismya helianthea . The type specimen was in the collection of Charles Parzudaki and supposedly came from Santa Fé de Bogotá . Later it was assigned to the genus Coeligena , which was introduced by Lesson in 1833. »Coeligena« is derived from the Latin words »coelum or caelum« for »heaven« and »genus« for »descendant«. The species name »helianthea« is derived from the Greek words »hēlios ἡλιος « for »sun« and »antheion ανθειον « for »blossom, flower«. "Tamai" refers to the El Tamá National Park in Venezuela.
literature
- Thomas Züchner, Peter Boesman in: Josep del Hoyo , Andrew Elliott, Jordi Sargatal , David Andrew Christie , Eduardo de Juana: Blue-throated Starfrontlet (Coeligena helianthea) In: Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive . Lynx Edicions, Barcelona.
- James A. Jobling: Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names . Christopher Helm, London 2010, ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4 .
- René Primevère Lesson: Les Trochilidées ou les Colibris et Les Oiseaux-Mouches Suivis d'un index général dans lequel sont décrites et classées méthodiquement toutes les races et espèces du genere Trochilus. Ouvrage orné de planches dessinées et gravées par les meilleurs artistes 66 plates (Prêtre, Antoine Germaine Bévalet) . Arthus-Bertrand, Paris ( biodiversitylibrary.org - 1832-1833).
- René Primevère Lesson : Espèces nouvelles d'oiseaux mouches . In: Revue zoologique par la Société cuvierienne . tape 1 , 1838, p. 314-315 ( biodiversitylibrary.org - 1839).
- Edward Clive Dickinson, Leslie K. Overstreet, Robert Jack Dowsett, Murray Duncan Bruce: Priority! The Dating of Scientific Names in Ornithology . Aves Press Limited, Northampton 2012, ISBN 978-0-9568611-1-5 .
- Jacques Berlioz, William Henry Phelps: Description d'une sous-espèce nouvelle de Trochilide du Venezuela . In: L'Oiseau et la revue française d'ornithologie . tape 23 , no. 1 , 1953, p. 1–3 ( books.google.de ).
Web links
- Coeligena helianthea inthe IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2019.2. Listed by: BirdLife International, 2016. Retrieved October 10, 2019.
- BirdLife International: Species Factsheet - Blue-throated Starfrontlet ( Coeligena helianthea ) . Retrieved October 10, 2019.
- Videos, photos and sound recordings for Blue-throated Starfrontlet (Coeligena helianthea) in the Internet Bird Collection
- Rose-bellied Andean Hummingbird ( Coeligena helianthea ) at Avibase; accessed on October 10, 2019.
- Coeligena helianthea in the Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS). Retrieved on 2019-10-10.
- xeno-canto: sound recordings - rose-bellied Andean hummingbird ( Coeligena helianthea )
- Blue-throated Starfrontlet (Coeligena helianthea) in the Encyclopedia of Life . Retrieved October 10, 2019.
Individual evidence
Remarks
- ↑ Even if the volume of Revue zoologique par la Société cuvierienne shows the year 1838, the article did not appear until the following year.
- ↑ For the history of the publication see Edward Clive Dickinson u. a. Pp. 120-121. Pages XVII-XXXII of the index appeared in September 1833.
- ↑ Lesson assigned the following species to the genus: blue- throated nymph ( Lampornis clemenciae ( Lesson , 1830)), bronze and Indian hummingbird ( Coeligena coeligena ( Lesson , 1833)), violet-crown brilliant hummingbird ( Eugenes fulgens ( Swainson , 1827)) ( Rivolii Ornismya ).