Rudolf Hönigschmid

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Rudolf Hönigschmid (born January 25, 1876 as Rudolf Emil Karel Hönigschmied in Horowitz , Kingdom of Bohemia ; † October 15, 1967 in Unterwössen , Traunstein district ) was a Bohemian - German art historian , state curator , university professor and author .

Life

Rudolf Hönigschmid was a son of kk Regional Finance Council and Prague tax administrator Johann Karl Hönigschmid (1838-1915) and his wife Maria Janka (1850 to 1914). The couple had a daughter and three sons, among them the future chemist Otto Hönigschmid .

After Hönigschmid had obtained his higher education entrance qualification in Leitmeritz in 1894 , he first studied law at the German University in Prague . In 1910 he became an official in the Post and Telegraph Directorate in Prague. At the German University he completed a second degree in art history and German studies parallel to his first job. In 1911 he was at Heinrich Alfred Schmid with a thesis on the secular Baroque buildings in Prague for Dr. phil. PhD .

After an internship at the Central Commission for Monument Preservation under Max Dvořák in Vienna, Hönigschmidt became state curator for the German parts of the country in the Kingdom of Bohemia in 1912 , a position he was able to continue in Czechoslovakia, founded in 1918, after the First World War . In 1913, Hönigschmid was elected to the board of the Association for the History of Germans in Bohemia . In 1924 he became deputy and in 1925 head of the State Monument Office for Bohemia in Prague.

From 1924 he held art history lectures at the German Technical University in Prague , where he was given a teaching position for practical aesthetics in 1932. In 1932 he also became a member of the Scientific Examination Commission for the teaching post at secondary schools and a real member of the German Society for Science and the Arts for the Czechoslovak Republic in Prague, of which he had been a corresponding member from 1913. In 1936 he retired. In 1937 the Czechoslovak Ministry of Education and Popular Culture appointed him state museum inspector for the German museums in Bohemia and Moravia-Silesia.

In 1938 Hönigschmid became a member of the NSDAP and was appointed to the office of the Reich Governor of the Sudetengau , Konrad Henlein , as a representative for the preservation of monuments . He worked there until 1940. Until 1945 he then headed the monument office in Reichenberg with the rank of district administrative councilor . In the Sudeten German Institute for Regional and Folk Research , which was opened in 1940, he chaired the “Commission for Art and Literature Research ”. In 1946 the new government of Czechoslovakia ordered Hönigschmid to liquidate his authority and leave the country . Hönigschmid moved with his wife Doris, née Fischer (1890–1976), whom he married in 1913, to the American zone of occupation in Bavaria. He spent his old age in Unterwössen.

As a monument conservator, Hönigschmid did a lot for the preservation and restoration of important buildings, such as the town hall of Leitmeritz, the dean's church in Brüx , the parish church in Neusattel near Saaz and the Dionysus chapel on Gut Rakolus near Mies . Together with Richard Ernst (1885–1955) from Eger, he discovered the Krumau Madonna . As the founder and managing director of the Association for German Museums in the Czechoslovak Republic , he held a leading position in the country's museum system from 1922 to 1945. As a managing member of the “German Section” of the Modern Gallery in Prague, he promoted artists and exhibitions. He wrote artist biographies for the Thieme-Becker artist lexicon as well as for the Sudeten German Life Pictures and other magazines. From 1954 Hönigschmid was one of the members of the Historical Commission of the Sudetenland . He was also involved in the Adalbert Stifter Association .

Fonts (selection)

  • The monument at Kulm. In: German work. Monthly for the intellectual life of Germans in Bohemia. 12 (1912/13), p. 777 f.
  • To our pictures. In: German work. Monthly for the intellectual life of Germans in Bohemia. 17 (1917/18), issue 8, p. 336, issue 9, p. 366.
  • Museums and homeland security. In: Communications from the Association for the History of Germans in Bohemia. 61 (1923), pp. 57-61.
  • Local museums. In: Buch und Volk. 3: 133-137 (1925).
  • The Modern Gallery in Prague. In: Witiko. Journal of Art and Poetry. 1 (1928), ZDB -ID 545319-7 , pp. 121-134.
  • WF hunter. In: Yearbook of the mountain association for the Jeschken and Iser mountains. 1930, p. 7.
  • Gotické nástěnné malby v kostele sv. Prokopa v Kupce [Gothic wall paintings in St. Prokopius Church in Graupen]. In: Umění. 4: 133-138 (1931).
  • The establishment of the parish church in Neusattel near Saatz. In: Festschrift for the 60th birthday of EW Braun. Display of the State Museum in Opava. 2 (Augsburg 1931), p. 163 f.
  • Contributions to the knowledge of Gothic sculptures in Bohemia. In: Yearbook of the Association of German Museums in the Czechoslovak Republic. 1 (1932), pp. 7-16.
  • The art of the Germans in the Czechoslovak Republic. In: Czechoslovak Patriotic Studies. Volume 8: The Art. Prague 1935, pp. 304-311.
  • Sudetoněmecké výtvarné umění od roku 1860 [The Sudeten German visual arts since 1860]. In: Němci v Československé republice o sobě [The Germans in the Czechoslovak Republic about themselves]. Prague 1937, pp. 107–121.
  • Fifteen years of the Association of German Museums. In: Communications from the Association for the History of Germans in Bohemia. 75 (1937), p. 30.
  • Wilhelm Riedel. In: Sudetendeutsche Monatshefte. 1941, p. 496 ff.
  • Sudeten German art since 1500. In: German monthly books . 9 (1943), pp. 408-418.
  • August Brömse. In: Sudetendeutsche Monatshefte. 1944 [March], p. 10 f.
  • Sudeten German art since 1800. In: Stifter-Jahrbuch. 1 (1949), pp. 47-60.
  • The discovery of Mary in Český Krumlov. In: Ancient and Modern Art. 7 (1962), issue 62/63, p. 51 f.
  • with Hans Karlmann Ramisch: Late Gothic church pews in Middle Franconia. In: Report of the Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation. Volume 24 (1965/66), pp. 86-97.

literature

  • Erich Bachmann: Dr. Rudolf Hönigschmid 85 years. In: Stifter-Jahrbuch. 7, pp. 293-296 (1962).
  • Rudolf Hemmerle : Rudolf Hönigschmid (bibliography). In: Stifter-Jahrbuch. 7, pp. 283-285 (1962).
  • Rudolf Hönigschmid on his ninetieth birthday. In: The Minster . 20, pp. 298-304 (1967).
  • Rudolf Hemmerle: Rudolf Hönigschmid †. In: Sudetenland. 10 (1968), p. 54 f.
  • Rudolf Hönigschmid, 1876–1967. In: Communications from the Sudeten German Archive. 47 (1977), p. 34 f.
  • Hönigschmid, Rudolf. In: K. Erik Franzen, Helena Peřinová: Biograms of the members of the Historical Commission of the Sudetenland in the founding year 1954. In: Stefan Albrecht, Jiří Malíř, Ralph Melville (eds.): The “Sudetendeutsche Geschichtsschreibung” 1918–1960. On the prehistory and establishment of the Historical Commission of the Sudetenland. Oldenbourg, Munich 2008, ISBN 978-3-486-58374-8 , p. 20 ( collegium-carolinum.de [PDF; 805 kB]).

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Kurt Oberdorffer : The Association for the History of Germans in Bohemia 1862-1938. In: Bohemia. Yearbook of the Collegium Carolinum. 3, 1962, p. 23 ( bohemia-online.de [PDF; 5.0 MB]).
  2. ^ Rudolf Hönigschmid: From our museums. In: Journal for Sudeten German History. 1, 1937, p. 125 ( bibliotekaelblaska.pl [PDF; 14.4 MB]).
  3. ↑ Volker Mohn: “A look at the legacy of the past”. The propaganda exhibition “German Greatness” in Prague (1941). In: Agnieszka Gasior, Magdalena Bushart, Alena Janatková (eds.): Art history in the occupied territories 1939–1945. Böhlau Verlag, Cologne 2016, ISBN 978-3-412-50168-6 , p. 67, note 25 ( preview in Google book search).
  4. ↑ Michael Fahlbusch, Ingo Haar , Alexander Pinwinkler (eds.): Handbook of the Volkischen Wissenschaften. Actors, networks, research programs. De Gruyter, Berlin 2017, ISBN 978-3-11-043891-8 ( preview in Google book search).
personal data
SURNAME Hönigschmid, Rudolf
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Hönigschmied, Rudolf Emil Karel (birth name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Bohemian-German art historian, state curator, university professor and author
DATE OF BIRTH January 25, 1876
PLACE OF BIRTH Horowitz , Kingdom of Bohemia
DATE OF DEATH October 15, 1967
Place of death Unterwössen , Traunstein district