Rudolf Jung (politician)

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Rudolf Jung (around 1938)

Rudolf Jung (born April 16, 1882 in Plaß near Pilsen , † December 11, 1945 in Prague ) was a German politician ( DAP , DNSAP , NSDAP ), author and political theorist of National Socialism . From 1919 to 1933 he was a member of the Czechoslovak National Assembly and from 1926 to 1933 party leader of the German National Socialist Workers' Party in Czechoslovakia. In 1935 he fled to the Nazi state , where he taught at the German School of Politics , and from 1936 was a member of the Reichstag and SS-Oberführer .

Life

After attending secondary school in Jihlava , Moravia , Rudolf Jung studied mechanical engineering at the Vienna University of Technology from 1900 to 1905 . During his studies in 1900 he became a member of the Markomannia Vienna fraternity . Jung did his military service as a one-year volunteer with the Austro-Hungarian Navy . From October 1906 he worked as a civil servant mechanical engineer for the Austrian State Railways ; first in Floridsdorf , finally as workshop manager in Iglau.

In July 1907, Jung became a member of the Pan - German oriented German Workers' Party (DAP) and was the party's city councilor in Iglau. Jung 1912 was one of three DAP MPs in the Diet of Moravian selected; In 1913 he appeared as a co-author of the "Iglauer Programm", the party program of the DAP.

Rudolf Jung (around 1921).

The DAP was renamed the German National Socialist Workers' Party (DNSAP) in May 1918 and, as a result of the collapse of the Austro-Hungarian monarchy , split into two currents. Jung became second chairman of the Sudeten German DNSAP on November 16, 1919 . In the elections to the Czechoslovak parliament he won a parliamentary seat in 1920 and became club chairman of the DNSAP MPs.

His book "National Socialism", published in Troppau in 1919, concerned what he considered to be the essential questions of identity of the German nation and the strategies for the desirable political future of the Germans. His book was one of the first programmatic writings of the Pan-German National Socialist movement and in the statements anti-liberal and anti-democratic. On August 7, 1920, Jung gave the keynote speech at a so-called supranational conference of the National Socialists in the conference room of the Salzburg state parliament. Adolf Hitler also gave a speech here, but not he, but Rudolf Jung was the acclaimed visionary of the assembled National Socialists.

On October 17, 1926, Jung took over the chairmanship of the DNSAP; From May 1, 1931, he led the "Volkssport" association , a party organization comparable to the SA . In the autumn of 1933, the DNSAP dissolved in the run-up to a threatened party ban, and Jung lost his parliamentary mandate. In connection with the “Volkssport Trial”, Jung was held in custody for seven months from October 1933, and after his release he was placed under police supervision.

In September 1935, Jung fled to the German Reich on orders from German authorities . After being granted Reich citizenship in November 1935, Jung became a lecturer at the German University of Politics in Berlin in December 1935 , and from 1940 to 1945 he held a professorship at the university. Hitler awarded Jung the title of professor on June 9, 1938.

After escaping, Jung became a member of the NSDAP retrospectively from April 1, 1925 ( membership number 85) in 1935 and was thus officially considered an old fighter . On March 29, 1936, he became a member of the Reichstag, which was insignificant during the National Socialist era . Jung joined the SS (membership number 276.690) on June 17, 1936 with the rank of SS-Sturmbannführer . After several promotions, he reached the rank of SS group leader on April 16, 1942.

On February 1, 1940, Jung was appointed President of the Central German State Labor Office based in Erfurt . From March 1942 he was a member of the technical staff of the General Plenipotentiary for Labor Deployment, Fritz Sauckel , and was at the same time Sauckel's representative and authorized representative. Put on hold in November 1943, Jung became General Director of Sparkasse Prague on May 1, 1944 and, in December 1944, Plenipotentiary for Work in the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia . The intended appointment as Lord Mayor (Primátor) of Prague did not materialize before the end of the war.

In May 1945 Jung was arrested in Prague and imprisoned in Pankrác prison. On December 11, 1945, he committed suicide before opening in prison suicide .

writer

As the author of numerous books and writings from 1919 onwards, Jung was considered one of the most important theorists of National Socialism .

His work " National Socialism. Its Foundations, Its Career and Its Aims " ( published : 1919, further editions: 1922 and 1923) developed the Greater German, folk-like , even before Adolf Hitler's Mein Kampf and Alfred Rosenberg's The Myth of the 20th Century racist and anti-Semitic program of National Socialism .

However, even after his flight to Germany, Rudolf Jung was pushed into the background by Hitler's program. That is why he no longer had the opportunity to diminish Hitler's fame as the "inventor" of National Socialism.

Fonts (selection)

  • without year: The Jewish question as a question of fate for the German people.
  • 1923: The racial idea in national socialism
  • 1926: Capitalism and Judaism in the anthology Weltfront. A collection of essays by anti-Semitic leaders of all peoples. Weltfrontverlag, Aussig , pp. 23–28. Edited by Hans Krebs and Otto Prager. Online .
  • 1933: National socialism in the Sudeten Germans
  • 1937: The Czechs: A thousand years of German-Czech struggle
as editor

From 1919 onwards, the magazine "Volk und Gemeinde. National Socialist monthly books" was published on behalf of the DNSAP . Co-editors were: Hans Krebs and Alexander Schilling-Schletter .

After the end of World War II, many of Jung's writings were placed on the list of literature to be sorted out in the Soviet occupation zone .

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ On the Iglauer program see Andrew G. Whiteside: " Nationaler Sozialismus in Österreich vor 1918. " (pdf, 5.0 MB), in: Vierteljahrshefte für Zeitgeschichte 9 (1961), pp. 333–356, here pp. 345ff.
  2. ↑ http://www.dws-xip.pl/reich/biografie/1937/1937.html
  3. ↑ On the circumstances of death, see Lilla, extras, p. 287. Ibid. The comment “From the right-wing extremist side (eg Gerhard Frey : Celebrities without a mask, 1997) it is claimed again and again that Jung starved to death in prison. This claim can also be found on the website of the Junge Union Leipzig (autumn 2001). "
  4. ↑ 2nd ext. Ed. Nibelungen, Berlin & Leipzig 1935. Jung in 2nd edition not included
  5. ↑ http://www.polunbi.de/bibliothek/1946-nslit-i.html
personal data
SURNAME Jung, Rudolf
BRIEF DESCRIPTION National Socialist politician and author
DATE OF BIRTH April 16, 1882
PLACE OF BIRTH Goodbye to Plzeň
DATE OF DEATH December 11, 1945
Place of death Prague