Rumbach (Ruhr)
| Rumbach | ||
 The Rumbach in Essen pigtail |
||
| Data | ||
| Water code | DE : 276994 | |
| location | Germany | |
| River system | Rhine | |
| Drain over | Ruhr → Rhine → North Sea | |
| source | in Essen-Hair Braid 51 ° 24 ′ 30 " N , 6 ° 57 ′ 37" E |
|
| Source height | 132 m above sea level NHN | |
| muzzle | in Mülheim in der Ruhr Coordinates: 51 ° 25 ′ 41 ″ N , 6 ° 52 ′ 37 ″ E 51 ° 25 ′ 41 ″ N , 6 ° 52 ′ 37 ″ E |
|
| Mouth height | 32 m above sea level NHN | |
| Height difference | 100 m | |
| Bottom slope | 14 ‰ | |
| length | 7.4 km | |
| Catchment area | 11.506 km² | |
| Left tributaries | Gothenbach, Schlippenbach | |
| Right tributaries | Steinbach | |
| Big cities | Essen , Mülheim an der Ruhr | |
| Residents in the catchment area | 50,000 | |
The Rumbach (in the upper reaches: Ruhmbach ) is an approximately 7.4 kilometers long, right tributary of the Ruhr in Essen and then Mülheim an der Ruhr . It is the last major tributary before the Ruhr flows 12.02 kilometers further into the Rhine . The Rumbach has been artificially moved underground over the last few kilometers through the Mülheim city center.
etymology
The Rumbach Ruhmbach is written in the Essen area . From the confluence with the Steinbach but without an h, i.e. Rumbach. The Mülheim City Archives have the following explanation: “When snowmelt and heavy rain events, the Rumbach flooded the main roads. He was rumbling and that's how he got his name. "
geography
course
The Rumbach rises as Ruhmbach in the Essen district of Haarzopf and flows into the Ruhr in Mülheim. In the Essen area and also in the Holthausen district of Mülheim , the stream flows in its natural above-ground bed. Up until the 19th century, the brook ran above ground in what is now the city center , which often caused flooding in the lower reaches. In the course of the relocation of the city center from the church hill down to the lowlands to the north, the Rumbach was completely canalized on its way through the city center and laid underground. The stream already flows underground from Walkmühlenstraße. Once the Rumbach flowed into a canal ( Fabricks Canal ) parallel to the Ruhr, which is now filled in and forms the Ruhrstrasse. Here it flowed about 150 meters and only then flowed into the Ruhr. In the middle of the 20th century, the course was moved directly to the Ruhr. The mouth of the Rumbach today is below the Ruhr promenade in the city port of Mülheim an der Ruhr opposite the Mülheim city hall .
Tributaries
The tributaries of the Rumbach include, viewed downstream:
- Steinbach ( right )
- Gothenbach ( left )
- Schlippenbach ( left )
meaning
The Rumbach was particularly important in the 19th century, as evidenced by numerous mills , which are among the oldest commercial operations in Mülheim. In the Middle Ages and the early modern period, they were mainly used for agriculture, and later also for commercial purposes. Mills before the 19th century were usually water mills , which were the economic base of the city at that time. Only then did the first windmills appear , and steam-powered mills as part of the spreading industrialization. Apparently, watermills in Mülheim were only driven with under- and overshot water wheels.
Most of the mills in the urban area of Mülheim an der Ruhr were located on the Rumbach. The statistics from 1831/33 show a total of 17 mills in the Mülheim city area, in 1849 there were already 23, in 1858 then 24 mills. From the end of the 19th century until the First World War, mills began to die out and in the period that followed, only a few mills continued to operate. The mill at Hof Dümpel was mentioned as early as 1289 when the operators transferred their income to the Saarn monastery . Until 1875, the mill pond of the Altenhofmühle, first mentioned in a document in 1385, was on today's Kaiserplatz . The fulling mill comes from the same year and was discontinued in 1934. An excursion restaurant was set up in the mill building, and you could ride a boat on the mill pond. The mill pond was filled in in 1939. Today there is a restaurant there. The Motenhofmühle was located roughly at the intersection of Essener Strasse and Oststrasse until the middle of the 20th century . Other mills on the Rumbach were the 15th century Baten and Neumühle in Holthausen and the 18th century mill in Werth , where the parking garage of the Kaufhof department store is located today. The last to give up was the Wetzmühle (also Wetzelsmühle ) on the Rumbach, first mentioned in a document in 1498, in 1954. Today it offers a picturesque sight with the remaining residential and farm buildings as well as the mill pond.
Today, the upper reaches of the Rumbachtal is of major importance as the approximately 73 hectare nature reserve Rumbachtal, Gothenbach, Schlippenbach , as large parts of the streams still show a natural course here. Sections of forest with red beech stands and some biotopes and thus threatened animal and plant species are worth protecting.
See also
literature
- Rudolf op ten Höfel: What old Mülheimers tell each other about Rumbach , Mülheimer Jahrbuch 1955
- Günther Schreiber: The great importance of Rumbach 100 years ago , Mülheimer Jahrbuch 1956
- Christine Hoppe: On the trail of the Rumbach in Mülheim an der Ruhr , Mülheim 2015, ISBN 978-3-95631-242-7
- Helmut Kessler, Werner Wiersch, Markus Fabri: Contributions to the water quality of Mülheim rivers, part I. Forstbach - Rossenbeck - Wambach. 1st edition - BUND KG Mülheim an der Ruhr, Mülheim an der Ruhr. 1986.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b German basic map 1: 5,000
- ↑ a b Topographical Information Management, Cologne District Government, Department GEObasis NRW ( Notes )
- ↑ Caution: In the water station, the entire Rumbach is listed under "Ruhmbach".
- ↑ Mill history. City of Mülheim an der Ruhr, April 24, 2017, accessed on June 1, 2018 .