Olive brown herring blubber
| Olive brown herring blubber | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Russula cicatricata | ||||||||||||
| Romagn. ex receipt |
The olive-brown herring blubber ( Russula cicatricata , Syn. R. barlae ) is a species of fungus from the family of the blubber relatives (Russulaceae). It is a medium-sized to large, mild-tasting blubber with an olive-ocher-brown to yellow-orange colored hat and light-colored spore powder. Its typical herring smell often only sets in with age. The Täubling can often be found under oaks, but also under other deciduous trees.
features
Macroscopic features
The hat is yellow-greenish or orange-brownish in color in the middle, but can also appear stronger green or almost uniformly ocher yellow, or it can be tinted with lemon-colored parts. The edge is colored pink, dirty olive ocher, beige olive or brownish. It reaches a diameter between five and eight centimeters. The lamellae are initially pale cream, later light cream ocher.
The stem is white and reaches a length of 4 to 6.5 centimeters and a thickness of 1 to 2, sometimes 2.5 centimeters. It is cylindrical in shape and slightly pointed at the base.
The spore powder is richly creamy to lightly colored.
Microscopic features
The spores measure 7.2-10.2 x 6.2-8.4 micrometers. Their surface is covered with individual spines that are only briefly connected to each other. The spines reach a length of 0.8 to 1.2 micrometers. Cystidia are often found numerous on the hat. They are cylindrical to elongated club-shaped and are between five and ten micrometers long. They are also divided one to three times (septate). On the hat skin there are numerous hyphae , 12 to 15 micrometers wide , which can be spherical to ampoule or pear-shaped and are generally of many shapes.
Species delimitation
The olive-brown herring deafness can be confused with the beech herring deafness ( R. faginea ). However, this has a more strongly colored spore powder and can have wine-reddish hat colors that are never found in olive brown. In addition, R. faginea often has a larger cap diameter. The velvet blubber ( R. amoena ) has a distinct red to red-violet colored hat; usually the stem is tinted similarly. The red herring blubber ( R. xerampelina ) has clear wine-red hat colors and grows under conifers. The olive brown can best be distinguished from other herring deaflings (subsection Xerampelinae ) by the thickened hyphae ends of the cap skin.
ecology
The olive-brown herring blubber prefers light mixed deciduous forests and parks. There it can be found on fresh, moderately acidic soils made from silicates that are not too low in base but quite lime-free , where the fungus grows in grassy areas under birch , oak , red beech and aspens .
distribution
The olive-brown herring-blubber finds meridional to temperate distribution. It can be found in North America (USA), North Africa (Morocco and Algeria) and Europe, where it occurs in the sub-Atlantic area. In Europe, the distribution ranges from France and the Netherlands in the west via Switzerland and Germany to north into southern Fennoscandinavia .
In Germany, the fungus is found somewhat more frequently, especially in the south; north of the 51st parallel it can only be found sporadically. Weak regional densities can be identified in the Saarland, in the central Neckar area and in Upper and Lower Bavaria.
Systematics
Inquiry systematics
The olive-brown herring blubber is placed by Bon in the sub-section Xerampelinae , which in turn is part of the Viridantes section. The subsection contains medium-sized to robust pigeons that enter into a symbiosis with various deciduous trees. Their slightly yellowing or browning meat has a mild taste and smells of herring or crab. With iron sulphate, it turns green.
meaning
The olive herring blubber is edible.
literature
- German Josef Krieglsteiner (Eds.), Andreas Gminder , Wulfard Winterhoff: Die Großpilze Baden-Württemberg . Volume 2: Stand mushrooms: inguinal, club, coral and stubble mushrooms, belly mushrooms, boletus and deaf mushrooms. Ulmer, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-8001-3531-0 .
- Russula cicatricata. In: Mycobank (Fungal Nomenclature and Species Databank) . International Mycological Association, accessed February 7, 2014 .
- Henri Romagnesi : Les Russules d'Europe et d'Afrique du Nord . essai sur la valeur taxinomique et specifique des caractères morphologiques et microchimiques des spores et des revêtements. Bordas, Paris 1967, p. 694 (French, MycoBank (Fungal Nomenclature and Species Databank) [accessed February 7, 2014]).
- Russula cicatricata. In: Partial Russula species database of the CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Center . Retrieved on February 7, 2014 (English, spore drawing and tabular listing of the macro- and microscopic features (based on H. Romagnesis "Les Russules d'Europe et d'Afrique du Nord" )).
- Alfred Einhellinger: The genus Russula in Bavaria . In: Bibliotheca Mycologica . 3. Edition. tape 112 . Berlin / Stuttgart 1994, ISBN 978-3-443-59013-0 , pp. 49 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Olive-brown herring blubber - Russula cicatricata Romagnesi 1967 ex Bon 1987
- ↑ Basidiomycota Checklist-Online - Russula cicatricata. In: basidiochecklist.info. Retrieved September 10, 2012 .
- ↑ Belgian Species List 2012 - Russula cicatricata. In: species.be. Retrieved June 7, 2012 .
- ↑ Karel Tejkal: www.myko.cz/myko-atlas - Russula cicatricata. In: www.myko.cz. Retrieved February 6, 2016 (cz).
- ^ Estonian eBiodiversity Species description Russula cicatricata. In: elurikkus.ut.ee. Retrieved June 13, 2012 .
- ↑ Pertti Salo, Tuomo Niemelä, Ulla Nummela-Salo: SY769 Suomen helttasienten ja tattien ekologia, levinneisyys ja uhanalaisuus . (Finnish lamellar and tube mushrooms: ecology, distribution and threat status). Ed .: Esteri Ohenoja. 2005, ISBN 952-11-1997-7 (Finnish, ymparisto.fi [PDF]).
- ↑ Russula cicatricata. In: GBIF Portal / data.gbif.org. Retrieved August 18, 2011 .
- ^ Z. Athanassiou & I. Theochari: Compléments à l'inventaire des Basidiomycètes de Grèce . In: Mycotaxon . Vol: 79, 2001, pp. 401-415 ( online ). online ( Memento of the original from September 24, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Nahuby.sk - Atlas hub - Russula cicatricata. In: nahuby.sk. Retrieved September 10, 2012 .
- ↑ Russula cicatricata. In: pilzoek.de. Retrieved August 18, 2011 .
- ↑ Distribution atlas of mushrooms in Switzerland. (No longer available online.) In: wsl.ch. Federal Research Institute for Forests, Snow and Landscape WSL, archived from the original on October 15, 2012 ; Retrieved September 10, 2012 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
Web links
- Karin Montag: The olive brown herring blubber in the virtual mushroom book. In: Tintling.com . Retrieved February 7, 2014 .
- Fredy Kasparek: The olive brown herring deaf . Russula cicatricata Romagnesi ex Bon . Inking
- Olive-brown herring blubber - Russula cicatricata Romagnesi 1967 ex BON 1987 . Comprehensive description with illustrations
