Ruthenium (III) chloride

Crystal structure
	__ Ru 3+ __ Cl -
General
Surname	Ruthenium (III) chloride
other names	Ruthenium trichloride; Ruthenium chloride (ambiguous);
Ratio formula	RuCl 3
Brief description	dark brown or black solid with a pungent odor
External identifiers / databases
ECHA InfoCard	100.030.139
PubChem	61850
Wikidata	Q303472
properties
Molar mass	207.43 g · mol -1
Physical state	firmly
density	3.11 g cm −3 (20 ° C)
Melting point	> 500 ° C
solubility	almost insoluble in water; soluble in acids, alcohol and acetone;
safety instructions
GHS labeling of hazardous substances danger
H and P phrases	H: 314
	P: 280-305 + 351 + 338-310
Toxicological data	360 mg kg −1 ( LD 50 , rat , ip , anhydrate)
	As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions .

Ruthenium (III) chloride is a chemical compound of ruthenium from the group of chlorides , which is normally present as a hydrate .

Extraction and presentation

Ruthenium (III) chloride can be obtained by reacting ruthenium with chlorine and carbon dioxide .

properties

Ruthenium (III) chloride occurs in two different crystal structures . The black diamagnetic α-form has a chromium (III) chloride structure with Ru – Ru bonds of length 346 pm . The dark brown and metastable β-form crystallizes in a hexagonal chain structure. It converts irreversibly to the α-form at 450–600 ° C.

The hydrate is in the form of black-blue, very shiny, hygroscopic leaflets, the aqueous solution of which is red in color.

use

As the most commonly used ruthenium compound, ruthenium (III) chloride is used to produce other ruthenium compounds.

Ruthenium (III) chloride acts as a catalyst for the ring-opening metathesis in highly strained cycloalkenes such as norbornene . In the case of non-cyclic systems, on the other hand, it does not act as a metathesis catalyst; more complicated systems such as the Grubbs catalysts must be used here.

Individual evidence

↑ Data sheet ruthenium (III) chloride from AlfaAesar, accessed on June 2, 2010 ( PDF )(JavaScript required) .
↑ ^a ^b ^c Datasheet ruthenium (III) chloride (PDF) from Carl Roth , accessed on June 2, 2010.
↑ ^a ^b Georg Brauer (Ed.) U. a .: Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry. 3rd, revised edition. Volume III, Ferdinand Enke, Stuttgart 1981, ISBN 3-432-87823-0 , p. 1748.
↑ ^a ^b Datasheet Ruthenium (III) chloride from Sigma-Aldrich , accessed on April 22, 2011 ( PDF ).
↑ Data sheet Ruthenium (III) chloride, anhydrous (PDF) from Strem, accessed on December 25, 2012.
^ H. Remy, M. Kühn: Contributions to the chemistry of platinum metals. V. Thermal degradation of Ruth trichloride and Ruthene dioxide. In: Z. Anorg. Chem. 1924, 127, 1, pp. 365-388, doi : 10.1002 / zaac.19241370127 .
^ PO Nubel, CL Hunt: A convenient catalyst system employing RuCl ₃ or RuBr ₃ for metathesis of acyclic olefins. In: Journal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemical. 1999, 1455, pp. 323-327, doi : 10.1016 / S1381-1169 (99) 00150-8 .

[Alfa-1] Data sheet ruthenium (III) chloride from AlfaAesar, accessed on June 2, 2010 ( PDF )(JavaScript required) .

[roth-2] Datasheet ruthenium (III) chloride (PDF) from Carl Roth , accessed on June 2, 2010.

[brauer-3] Georg Brauer (Ed.) U. a .: Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry. 3rd, revised edition. Volume III, Ferdinand Enke, Stuttgart 1981, ISBN 3-432-87823-0 , p. 1748.

[Sigma-4] Datasheet Ruthenium (III) chloride from Sigma-Aldrich , accessed on April 22, 2011 ( PDF ).

[strem-5] Data sheet Ruthenium (III) chloride, anhydrous (PDF) from Strem, accessed on December 25, 2012.

[6] H. Remy, M. Kühn: Contributions to the chemistry of platinum metals. V. Thermal degradation of Ruth trichloride and Ruthene dioxide. In: Z. Anorg. Chem. 1924, 127, 1, pp. 365-388, doi : 10.1002 / zaac.19241370127 .

[7] PO Nubel, CL Hunt: A convenient catalyst system employing RuCl ₃ or RuBr ₃ for metathesis of acyclic olefins. In: Journal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemical. 1999, 1455, pp. 323-327, doi : 10.1016 / S1381-1169 (99) 00150-8 .