Ruthenium (III) chloride
Crystal structure | ||||||||||
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__ Ru 3+ __ Cl - | ||||||||||
General | ||||||||||
Surname | Ruthenium (III) chloride | |||||||||
other names |
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Ratio formula | RuCl 3 | |||||||||
Brief description |
dark brown or black solid with a pungent odor |
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External identifiers / databases | ||||||||||
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properties | ||||||||||
Molar mass | 207.43 g · mol -1 | |||||||||
Physical state |
firmly |
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density |
3.11 g cm −3 (20 ° C) |
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Melting point |
> 500 ° C |
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solubility |
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safety instructions | ||||||||||
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Toxicological data | ||||||||||
As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions . |
Ruthenium (III) chloride is a chemical compound of ruthenium from the group of chlorides , which is normally present as a hydrate .
Extraction and presentation
Ruthenium (III) chloride can be obtained by reacting ruthenium with chlorine and carbon dioxide .
properties
Ruthenium (III) chloride occurs in two different crystal structures . The black diamagnetic α-form has a chromium (III) chloride structure with Ru – Ru bonds of length 346 pm . The dark brown and metastable β-form crystallizes in a hexagonal chain structure. It converts irreversibly to the α-form at 450–600 ° C.
The hydrate is in the form of black-blue, very shiny, hygroscopic leaflets, the aqueous solution of which is red in color.
use
As the most commonly used ruthenium compound, ruthenium (III) chloride is used to produce other ruthenium compounds.
Ruthenium (III) chloride acts as a catalyst for the ring-opening metathesis in highly strained cycloalkenes such as norbornene . In the case of non-cyclic systems, on the other hand, it does not act as a metathesis catalyst; more complicated systems such as the Grubbs catalysts must be used here.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Data sheet ruthenium (III) chloride from AlfaAesar, accessed on June 2, 2010 ( PDF )(JavaScript required) .
- ↑ a b c Datasheet ruthenium (III) chloride (PDF) from Carl Roth , accessed on June 2, 2010.
- ↑ a b Georg Brauer (Ed.) U. a .: Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry. 3rd, revised edition. Volume III, Ferdinand Enke, Stuttgart 1981, ISBN 3-432-87823-0 , p. 1748.
- ↑ a b Datasheet Ruthenium (III) chloride from Sigma-Aldrich , accessed on April 22, 2011 ( PDF ).
- ↑ Data sheet Ruthenium (III) chloride, anhydrous (PDF) from Strem, accessed on December 25, 2012.
- ^ H. Remy, M. Kühn: Contributions to the chemistry of platinum metals. V. Thermal degradation of Ruth trichloride and Ruthene dioxide. In: Z. Anorg. Chem. 1924, 127, 1, pp. 365-388, doi : 10.1002 / zaac.19241370127 .
- ^ PO Nubel, CL Hunt: A convenient catalyst system employing RuCl 3 or RuBr 3 for metathesis of acyclic olefins. In: Journal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemical. 1999, 1455, pp. 323-327, doi : 10.1016 / S1381-1169 (99) 00150-8 .