SM UB 45
| UB 45 | |
|---|---|
|
|
| Overview | |
| Type | UB II |
| Shipyard | |
| Order | July 31, 1915 |
| Keel laying | September 3, 1915 |
| Launch | May 12, 1916 |
| 1. Period of service |
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|
| period of service |
6 months |
| Commissioning | May 26, 1916 |
| Decommissioning | November 6, 1916 |
| Removed from ship register | Captain Karl Palis |
| home port | Pola |
| Whereabouts | November 6, 1916 ran into mine off Varna and sank 43 ° 12 ′ N , 28 ° 9 ′ E ; Wrecked in 1936 |
| Technical specifications | |
| displacement |
272 t above water |
| length |
36.9 m |
| width |
4.37 m |
| Draft |
3.68 m |
| Diving depth | 50 m |
| crew |
19th |
| drive |
Diesel power: 280 HP |
| speed |
8.82 kn (16.3 km / h ) over water |
| Range |
6,940 nm (12,853 km ) at 8 kn (14.8 km / h) over water |
| Armament |
|
SM UB 45 was a submarine of the Imperial Navy in the First World War . It was used in the Mediterranean and Black Seas . In November 1916 the boat sank after it hit a mine near Varna .
history
UB 45 was ordered in July 1915 and laid down at the AG Weser shipyard in Bremen in September 1915. The submarine class UB had a length of 37 m and a water displacement of 270 t surfaced and 305 t submerged. It was armed with two 50 cm bow torpedo tubes and a total of four torpedoes as well as an 8.8 cm deck gun.
It was to be used together with five other submarines in the Mediterranean, UB 42 to UB 47 . For this purpose, the boats were transported in parts by rail to the kuk naval base Pola (today Croatia), where they were finally assembled and put into service in May 1916. From May 26th to August 12th 1916 UB 45 belonged to the U-Flotilla Pola , which operated from Pola and Cattaro . After that it was stationed with the U-Half Flotilla Constantinople until its sinking in Constantinople . In its six-month service, UB 45 was able to sink four ships with a total of 15,361 GRT on five patrols.
On November 6, 1916, UB 45 ran out of the Bulgarian port of Varna at 11 o'clock in the company of the torpedo boat "Strogi", ran between Cape Ekrene and the Aladscha monastery while bypassing the Alaja shoals on a Russian mine, and sank quickly. 5 of the 19 crew members were rescued and 14 died immediately. One of the rescued sailors later died from his injuries.
In 1932, Bulgarian naval units began looking for the wreck. It was discovered in 1934 at a depth of 24 m and after 20 months of hard work it was recovered on February 25, 1936 by extremely primitive means from the seabed between the harbor and the naval base in Varna. Special measures were taken to rebuild the submarine as a training ship. Engineers from the manufacturer's yard examined the boat on site and thought it could be repaired. For reasons of piety it was finally decided against reusing the submarine.
The remains of the 14 crew members found in the boat were buried in a military ceremony on February 26, 1936 in Varna. The memorial in honor of the killed crew members was ceremonially erected on August 12, 1938. The commander of the Bulgarian Navy , Rear Admiral Ivan Warikletschkow ( Bulgarian Иван Вариклечков) personally took care of the solemn consecration.
During the first visit of the German cruiser " Emden" to Varna from October 28 to November 1, 1936, cruiser commander Captain Walter Lohmann laid wreaths of honor in front of the border guards' monument in the Varna lake garden and the grave of the dead on October 29, 1936 German sailors from "UB-45" down.
In November 1938 the cruiser " Emden" visited Varna for the second time. Cruiser commander Captain Paul Wever laid wreaths of honor in front of the monument of the border guards in the sea garden of Varna and at the monument of the German seamen of "UB-45". The importance of the German submarine “ U 17 ” and the Bulgarian submarine “UB 18” for the defense of Varna against the Russian bombing raids on 14/27. October 1915 was remembered.
On 18 August 1991 Bulgaria have midshipmen assumed the grave care. In the mid-1990s, a specially appointed commission decided to restore the monument to a suitable location in the Varna Sea Garden and to transfer the bones of the 15 dead sailors to a central war cemetery in the Varna cemetery.
Individual evidence
- ^ A b Zeller, Alfred P .: The German and Austrian submarine losses in both world wars . Urbes-Verl, Graefelfing before Munich 1998, ISBN 3-924896-43-7 .
- ↑ a b Вълканов, В. "UВ-45 (съдбата на една немска подводница и екипажа й)." Варна, Фабер, 18 - ВИ, 954-775-083-6, 2001.
- ↑ a b c d Драгнев, В., В. Павлов, В. Антонов, "История на Българския военноморски флот". С., ВИ, 1989.
- ↑ Моряк. "Изваждането на немския подводник UВ-45 във Варна". - В: Морски сговор, 1936, кн. 9.
- ^ A b c Ivan Alexiev: The first visit of the German light cruiser "Emden" in Varna (1936). In: Morski westnik. November 2016, accessed October 8, 2019 (Bulgarian).
Web links
- Entry at uboat.net (English)
- War cemetery Varna on the side of the Volksbund Deutsche Kriegsgräberfürsorge
- Captain Paul Wever, in command of “Emden”, laying a wreath at the memorial of the victims of “UB-45”: [Photo . // Morski Sgowor (Warna, Verlag Zora), XV, No. 9, 01/11/1938, p. 175.]
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