Sa (king)

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Stone shard from the 2nd dynasty, possibly bearing King Sa's name

Sa (also Horus Sa , Za and Horus Za ) is the name of an ancient Egyptian king ( Pharaoh ) who presumably ruled in the 2nd or 3rd dynasty .

supporting documents

Sa's name is documented in Saqqara by inscriptions on stone vessels made of black ink from the east galleries of the west massif of the Djoser pyramid . The name "Sa" appears together with inscriptions in which the " Ka house of Sa" is mentioned. The name of the high official Inichnum appears next to it . In Egyptology , the assignment of such a Horus name is controversial, as it has not yet appeared within a serech , which would identify it as a definitive Horus name. Jürgen von Beckerath , Dietrich Wildung and Peter Kaplony see the name of Sa as a short form of the previously unassigned Horus name of King Sanacht . Wolfgang Helck rejects this thesis on the grounds that the ink inscriptions from the eastern magazines were mainly dated to the reign of King Ninetjer or shortly afterwards, but Sanacht ruled in the 3rd dynasty . He assigns Sa, however, the name of Weneg .

dig

Sa's place of burial is unknown. Nabil Swelim connects Sa with the unfinished facility of Gisr el-Mudir in West Sakkara.

literature

  • Wolfgang Helck : Investigations on the Thinite Age (= Ägyptologische Abhandlungen. (ÄA) Vol. 45). Harrassowitz, Wiesbaden 1987, ISBN 3-447-02677-4 .
  • Pierre Lacau, Jan-Phillip Lauer: La Pyramide a Degrees V. - Inscriptions Gravees sur les Vases: Fouilles à Saqqarah . Service des antiquités de l'Égypte, Cairo 1936.
  • Stephan J. Seidlmayer : The Relative Chronology of Dynasty 3. In: Erik Hornung, Rolf Krauss, David A. Warburton (Eds.): Ancient Egyptian Chronology (= Handbook of Oriental studies. Section One. The Near and Middle East. Volume 83 ). Brill, Leiden / Boston 2006, ISBN 978-90-04-11385-5 , pp. 116-123 ( online ).
  • Thomas Schneider : Lexicon of the Pharaohs . Albatros, Düsseldorf 2002, ISBN 3-491-96053-3 .
  • Nabil Swelim : Some Problems on the History of the Third Dynasty . Archeology Society, Alexandria 1983.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Pierre Lacau & Jan-Phillip Lauer: La Pyramide a Degrees V .; Fig. 7
  2. ↑ Thomas Schneider: Lexicon of the Pharaohs : p. 243.
  3. ↑ Wolfgang Helck: Investigations on the thinite age . Wiesbaden 1987, pp. 103 and 108.
  4. ^ Nabil Swelim: Some Problems on the History of the Third Dynasty . Pp. 33 ff. And 181–182.


predecessor Office successor
unsure King of Egypt
3rd Dynasty? 		unsure
personal data
SURNAME Sat
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Gently
BRIEF DESCRIPTION ancient Egyptian king of the 3rd dynasty
DATE OF BIRTH 27th century BC Chr.
DATE OF DEATH 27th century BC Chr.