Sade (noble family)
Sade is a family of counts from Provence . In addition to their function as feudal lords (including Mazan , Saumane , and from 1627 also La Coste ), the members of the family held numerous positions in the high nobility and high clergy of France, for example bishop, abbot or judge. A continuous trunk line exists from the Raimond de Sade.
history
The name has been attested in Avignon since the 12th century , among others in the variants Sado, Sadone, Sazo, Sauza.
Louis de Sade built the Saint-Bénézet bridge in Avignon in 1177 . The elder Paul de Sade received Pope John XXII in 1316 . on his arrival in exile in Avignon. Hugues III. de Sade was a councilor in Avignon in 1373.
The elder Jean de Sade was advisor to Ludwig II of Anjou , doctor of law , 1406 chief justice of Provence . Jean was ennobled in the 15th century , making the entire family noble from then on. The oldest Elzéar de Sade was a squire and cupbearer of Pope Benedict XIII. Emperor Sigismund honored him for the services of his house with the permission to use the imperial double-headed eagle in his family coat of arms. The younger Jean de Sade was First President of the Audit Office and keeper of the Reich Seal . Joachim the Younger was heir to Joachim the Elder, so that Saumane fell to his line.
Jean-Baptiste de Sade was colonel in the papal cavalry in Venaissin . The office was inherited up to Jean-Baptiste-François-Joseph de Sade. Gaspard-François de Sade, bailiff of the city of Avignon, was the first de Sade to use the title of marquis .
Donatien-Alphonse-François de Sade (1740–1814), best known (and most notorious) of the Sade family as the “Marquis de Sade”, was an activist of the French Revolution . He wrote books in which he an atheist , materialist , revolutionary and amoral Enlightenment - Philosophy with sadistic pornography mixed; his life corresponded to his writings, which is why he was arrested and sentenced several times. After Napoleon came to power , the unpopular was taken to a lunatic asylum in Charenton in 1801, which he never left alive.
While four generations of his descendants tried to keep Donatien-Alphonse-François de Sade silent, Xavier Henri Marie de Sade first opened the family archive to researchers, including Gilbert Lély and Maurice Lever , took on the title of Marquis again and tried to put his family name on wine bottles market. 1814–1983 the family owned the Condé Castle .
Tribe list
Raimond de Sade.
- Paul de Sade (grandson of the upper 14th century)
- Hugues II. De Sade a) ⚭ 1325 Laura de Noves (1310-1348).
- 3. Paul de Sade († 1433)
- Audebert de Sade
- Hugues III. de Sade (14th century, also Hugonin or Hugues the Younger)
- 1. Jean de Sade
- 2. Elzéar de Sade
- Girard de Sade
- 1. Etienne de Sade
- Guillaume de Sade
- Gabrielle de Sade ⚭ around 1550 Jacques de Beaune de Samblançay
- Charlotte de Beaune (16th century)
- 2. Balthazar de Sade (tribe of the line of the Lords of Eyguières , which died out in 1846 with Xavier de Sade)
- 4. Pierre de Sade ⚭ 1493 Baptistine de Forbin (widow of Raimond de Glandèves, Seneschal of Provence)
- Joachim (the Younger) de Sade († 1538)
- 1. François (died as a child)
- 2. Jean de Sade (born November 8, 1522).
- Balthazar de Sade ⚭ 1600 Diane de Baroncelli-Javon
- 1. Jean-Baptiste de Sade († 1687) ⚭ 1627 Diane de Simiane, Dame de la Coste
- 1. Côme de Sade ⚭ 1669 Elisabeth Louet de Nogaret de Calvisson
- 1. Gaspard-François de Sade († 1739) ⚭ 1699 Louise-Aldonse d'Astoaud de Murs
- 1. Jean-Baptiste-François-Joseph de Sade (1702 - January 24, 1767) ⚭ 1733 Marie-Eléonore de Maillé de Carman (* 1712)
- 1. Caroline-Laure de Sade (1737–1739)
- 2. Donatien-Alphonse-François de Sade (1740–1814) ⚭ 1763 Renée Pélagie de Montreuil
- 1. Louis-Marie de Sade (August 27, 1767 - June 9, 1809)
- 2. Donatien-Claude-Armand de Sade, (June 27, 1769 - May 10, 1847) ⚭ Louise-Gabrielle-Laure de Sade (born June 6, 1772, from the line of Balthazar, see above).
- 1. René de Sade (July 27, 1809-1820)
- 2. Laure-Emilie de Sade (November 16, 1810 - April 25, 1875) ⚭ October 13, 1840 Gaston de Graindorge d'Orgeville, Baron du Mesnil-Durand.
- 3. Alphonse-Ignace de Sade (June 16, 1812 - 1890) ⚭ Anne-Henriette de Cholet (July 16, 1817 - March 18, 1895)
- 1. Henriette Marie Laure de Sade (April 9, 1843 - November 7, 1893)
- 2. Hugues-Louis-Charles de Sade (August 2, 1845 - December 9, 1925) ⚭ August 25, 1877 Marie-Augustine (or Marguerite) Janson de Couet (January 17, 1856 - 1915)
- 1. Edith Laure Marie de Sade (May 5, 1878 - April 20, 1882)
- 2. Yvonne Henriette Marie de Sade (born July 5, 1880 - October 7, 1963)
- 1. Sigrid Adelheid Marie de Sade (born July 24, 1936 - August 22, 2000)
- 2. Yvonne Henriette Marie de Sade (born July 5, 1880 - October 7, 1963)
- 3. Elzear Victor Marie de Sade (February 27, 1885 - October 30, 1914)
- 4. Bernard Georges Marie de Sade (April 7, 1891 - December 23, 1933) ⚭ October 22, 1917 Jeanne de Sarrazin (January 5, 1893 - February 22, 1987)
- 1. Gilberte de Sade (March 28, 1920 - December 23, 1933)
- 2. Elzear de Sade (1921 - December 23, 1933)
- 3. Xavier Henri Marie de Sade ⚭ Rose-Marie Meslay
- Thibault de Sade
- 3. Laure-Marie-Charlotte de Sade (1859–1936) ⚭ February 6, 1879 Adhéaume, Comte de Chévigné
- 1. Marie-Thérèse de Chévigné ⚭ Maurice Bischoffsheim
- 1. Marie-Laure Bischoffsheim (October 31, 1902 - January 29, 1970) ⚭ Charles, Viscount de Noailles
- 4. Gabrielle Pelagie Mathilde de Sade (September 4, 1814 - April 29, 1875)
- 5. Auguste de Sade (October 9, 1815 - May 10, 1868) ⚭ Charlotte Germaine de Maussion (1818–1876)
- 1. Valentine de Sade (1847 - September 18, 1922)
- 2. Laure de Sade (May 31, 1859 - October 15, 1936) ⚭ Adheaume de Chevigne (1847–1911)
- 3. Madeleine Laure de Sade (April 17, 1771 - January 18, 1844)
- 3. Marie-Françoise (1746–1746)
- 2. Richard-Jean-Louis de Sade (* 1703)
- 3. Jacques-François-Paul-Aldonce de Sade , known as the Abbé de Sade (1705–1778)
- 4. Jean-Baptiste-Henri-Victor de Sade
- 5. Antoine-Félix-Toussaint de Sade (died as an infant)
- 6. Gabrielle-Laure de Sade (* 1700)
- 7. Anne-Marie-Lucrèce de Sade (* 1702)
- 8. Gabrielle-Eléonore de Sade
- 9. Marguerite-Félicité de Sade
- 10. Henriette-Victoire de Sade ⚭ 1733 Ignaz, Marquis de Villeneuve
- 1. Mme. De Raousset
- 2. Julie
- 3. Henriette de Martignan
- Jean-Baptiste de Sade
- Joseph-Marie de Sade († 1700)
- Jean-Louis de Sade
- 3. Richard de Sade
- 4. Jean-Baptiste de Sade (July 14, 1633 - December 19, 1707)
- 2. Richard de Sade († 1663)
- 3. Catherine de Sade
- Pierre de Sade
- Jacques de Sade
- Joannet de Sade
- Philippe de Sade
- Augière de Sade ⚭ Bertrand Milsondi
- Discretionary de Sade
- Marguerite de Sade
- Garsende, or Garsenète de Sade, married three times
- b) ⚭ 1348 Verdaine de Trentelivres
- 1. Baudet de Sade (tribe of the branch line of the lords of Saumane , who died out in the 16th century with Joachim (the elder) de Sade)
literature
- Volker Reinhardt : De Sade or The Measurement of Evil. A biography. CH Beck, Munich 2014, ISBN 978-3-406-66515-8
- Gerard Lély: Life and Work of the Marquis de Sade. Albatros, Düsseldorf 2001, ISBN 3-491-96025-8 .
- Maurice Lever: Marquis de Sade: the biography. Translated from French by Wolfram Bayer. Europa-Verlag, Vienna / Munich 1995, ISBN 3-203-51238-6 .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x Lély: Life and work of the Marquis de Sade. 2001, pp. 7-13.
- ↑ Lever: Marquis de Sade: the biography. 1995, p. 14.
- ↑ a b Lever: Marquis de Sade: the biography. 1995, p. 11.
- ^ Howard G. Goldberg: Can a Champagne Redeem de Sade? In: New York Times. January 18, 1989.
- ↑ Lély: Life and Work of the Marquis de Sade. 2001, p. 18ff.
- ↑ Lély: Life and Work of the Marquis de Sade. 2001, p. 17.