Salvatorkirche (Kallstadt)
 Salvatorkirche Kallstadt from the north |
|
| Basic data | |
| Denomination | Protestant |
| place | Kallstadt, Germany |
| Building history | |
| start of building | around 1300 |
| Building description | |
| Architectural style | Gothic, baroque |
| Construction type | Choir tower, hall building |
| 49 ° 29 '32.4 " N , 8 ° 10' 29.4" E | |
The Gothic part of the Protestant Salvatorkirche is the oldest building in the Palatinate village of Kallstadt in the Bad Dürkheim district . It is located in the center of the village directly on the German Wine Route .
history
The church was originally dedicated to St. Alban and belonged as a branch to the parish of Pfeffingen in the diocese of Worms . In 1457 Elector Friedrich I of the Palatinate gave the parish church to Pfeffingen including its branches St. Nikolaus in Ungstein and St. Alban in Kallstadt to the University of Heidelberg , which it owned until June 20, 1563 and then returned it to the Electoral Palatinate , which included the villages and Kirchen gave the Count of Leiningen a fiefdom. As in the rest of the Electoral Palatinate, the Reformation had been introduced here by 1556 at the latest.
In the Worms Synodal of 1496 it is mentioned that the Kallstadt Albanskapelle has a priest residing there with an associated house. Nevertheless, Kallstadt was on January 11, 1502 by Bishop Johann III. von Dalberg , with the consent of the University of Heidelberg, separated from the Pfeffinger Church at the request of his believers and raised to a separate parish. They had complained that, especially in winter, visiting the parish church, which was prescribed for certain occasions, was too difficult. As a reminder of the previous relationship of dependency with the mother parish in Pfeffingen, the pastor of Kallstadt should procession there with the faithful on any day, hold a high mass and donate a candle. In addition, Kallstadt had to pay an annual compensation of 9 guilders to the pastor of Pfeffingen since 1505.
The document from 1502 names the existing tower and a cemetery near the church. In the application document of October 21, 1501, however, it is only stated that there is enough space at the Kallstadt chapel to create a cemetery. Accordingly, there have apparently only been burials there since the parish was founded. In 1612 and 1615 the Catholic couple Sponnagel from Kallstadt were buried here "without singing and funeral sermon on the wall ... because they did not want to give up their idolatry ."
In 1772 the nave was torn down and replaced by a new baroque building. The old choir room with the tower above was retained. Since 1772 the church has been called “St. Salvatorkirche ” and today belongs to the Protestant Church of the Palatinate .
In 2001, the current US President Donald Trump , whose grandfather had emigrated from Kallstadt to the United States, donated $ 5,000 to renovate the church.
Building stock
The church, like the village, is located on an eastern branch of the Haardt . The entire area slopes down to the east, with the location being significantly higher than the Weinstrasse, which runs past it to the east. That is why the square is also called Kirchberg and is fortified by a wall to the southeast, to the lower street.
On this hill stands the east-facing, square choir of the old Gothic church, at the outer, eastern corners of which buttresses with ornate front gables are attached. An ogival tracery window is embedded in the south and east walls, and a narrow ogival hatch in each of the south and north walls.
An octagonal bell tower with a baroque slate lantern top sits above the choir. It has five floors (including the choir, which forms the ground floor), and on the fourth floor there are eight ogival windows, the north and south are divided into two parts and have tracery. The top floor of the tower is already clad in slate and has sound openings for the bells and dials of the clock. It goes into the slate roof dome. The core of the ground floor (former choir) is dated to the late 13th century and it is likely to be the original St. Alban's branch chapel. In the 15th century it was rebuilt in its present form with the tower growing out of the choir. The whole ensemble consists largely of unplastered, yellow sandstones .
The earlier nave was connected to the west. This was removed around 1772 and instead a new nave was built in a north-south direction with a facade in the south and a three-sided choir in the north. The old choir with tower is now on the east wall of the nave and now forms a side chapel accessible from the nave, which still has the pointed, Gothic arch of the old church.
The new nave, a hall building with a gable roof and large baroque arched windows, has an elaborate, basket-arched baroque portal with the designation "1772" and a carved door to the south . Inside, the original baroque furnishings with pulpit, gallery and pews have largely been preserved. The church also has a two-manual organ with a cherry tree baroque front and 17 stops , built in 1774/75 by Johann Georg Geib (1739-1818). In his childhood memories “Preludes of Life” , Federal President Theodor Heuss reports that he once kicked the bellows on this organ when his cousin - the son of the pastor there - played on it. The Heinz family of the ketchup company from Kallstadt donated € 40,000 for the renovation of the organ as part of the renovation of the church.
A tombstone from the 17th century is set into the south wall of the old choir. It bears the image of three bells and it is the epitaph of the mayor Hans Lorenz Schüller, who donated bells for the church around 1668. Another tombstone is attached to the east wall (early 17th century)
The church from the south
Baroque portal, 1762
Choir tower from the east
Choir tower from the north
Choir tower from the south
Old choir from the south, with bell donor tombstone
Bell donor tombstone, 17th century
literature
- Georg Dehio : Handbook of the German art monuments. Volume 8: Rhineland-Palatinate, Saarland, edition 2, p. 419, Deutscher Kunstverlag, 1984 (detail scan) .
- Magnus Backes, Hans Caspary et al. Regine Dölling: Art hikes in Rhineland-Palatinate and Saarland. Belser Verlag, Stuttgart 1971, p. 111.
- Johann Georg Lehmann : Historical paintings from the Rhine district of Bavaria. Volume 2, Heidelberg 1834, p. 139 (digital scan) .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Michael Frey : Attempt of a geographical-historical-statistical description of the royal. Bayer. Rhine circle. Volume 2 ( Frankenthal Court District ), Speyer 1838, page 490; (Digital scan)
- ^ Franz Xaver Glasschröder : Documents on the Palatinate Church History in the Middle Ages , Munich 1903, pages 228 u. 229, document regist No. 557
- ^ Franz Xaver Glasschröder: New documents on the Palatinate Church History in the Middle Ages , Publishing House of the Palatinate Society for the Advancement of Science, Speyer 1930, pages 188 189 and 191, document regeste No. 287 u. 289
- ^ Theodor Kaul: The introduction of the Reformation in the Grafschaft Leiningen-Hartenburg , Grünstadt, 1942, p. 27
- ↑ Florian Riesterer: Donald Trump supported the church in Kallstadt. In: Evangelischer Kirchenbote - Sunday paper for the Palatinate . March 3, 2017, accessed August 23, 2019 .
- ^ Theodor Heuss : Prelude to Life , Rainer Wunderlich Verlag, Tübingen, 1955, p. 128
- ↑ Donald Trump's roots: King of New York, Knallkopf of Kallstadt . In: Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung . 20th January 2016.
- ↑ Bernhard H. Bonkhoff: Pfälzisches bells book. Institute for Palatinate History and Folklore, 2008, ISBN 3927754633 , pages 57–61; (Detail scans)