Samuel Czambel

Samuel Czambel

Samuel C (z) ambel (also Samo Czambel ; born August 24, 1856 in Slovak-Liptsch , Sohl County , Kingdom of Hungary , now Slovakia ; † December 18, 1909 in Csillaghegy , Austria-Hungary , now part of Budapest ) was a Slovak Linguist, translator and collector of Slovak oral traditions. Pseudonyms: Ján Vlkolinský, JI Tatranovič, Herman Poliaček, Anna Technovská, Ján Stranský, Nikita Matejevič, Ján Ferienčík.

Life

Czambel was born into a family of craftsmen and studied at high schools in Schemnitz , Großsteffelsdorf and Käsmark . After graduating in 1875, he began law at the University of Budapest in 1876, but switched to the Faculty of Philosophy (subject Slavic Studies ) a year later and continued his studies in Vienna and Prague , where he also defended his doctoral thesis. In 1879 he was employed as a translator of the laws into Slovak at the translation department of the Hungarian government, in 1899 he was made secretary of state and in 1906 worked in the Ministry of the Interior until shortly before his death. 1887-1896 he was also co-editor of the government newspaper Slovenské noviny . He is buried at the Martin National Cemetery.

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In his works he dealt mainly with the Slovak language , with an emphasis on spelling. In the works Príspevky k dejinám jazyka slovenského (1887), Slovenskı pravopis (1890), K reči o slovenskom pravopise (1891) and in particular Rukoväť spisovnej reči slovenskej (1892) he corrected inconsistencies of this time 40 years old codification of Michal Miloslav Hodža and Martin Hattala , but was also based on the Central Slovak dialects . The third edition of Rukoväť spisovnej reči slovenskej forms the basis of the written Slovak language today and was the de facto standardization of Slovak until 1931. In the work Slováci a ich reč (1903) he expressed his theory about the South Slavic origins of the Slovaks and Slovaks. Until his death he wanted to examine the language material of today's Slovakia in the work Slovenská reč a jej miesto v rodine slovanských jazykov (1906), but was only able to publish the first volume on the eastern Slovak dialects .

• A tót hangtan (Budapest, 1880) ("Slovak Phonology")
• Príspevky k dejinám jazyka slovenského (Budapest, 1887) ("Contributions to the history of the Slovak language")
• Slovenský pravopis (1890) ("Slovak spelling")
• K reči o slovenskom pravopise (1891) ("Discussion on Slovak spelling")
• Potreba nového slovníka slovenského a maďarského (Budapest, 1891) ("The need for the new Slovak and Hungarian dictionary")
• Rukoväť spisovnej reči slovenskej (Turč. Sv. Martin, 1902, edited by Škultéty, 2nd edition 1915, 3rd edition 1919) ("The reference work for written Slovak")
• A tótok elcsehesítése, vagy eloroszítása (Felvidéki Híradó Túróczszentmárton 1902, 2. sz) ("Efforts to Czechize and Russify the Slovaks")
• A cseh-tót invázió (Felvidéki Híradó Túróczszentmárton 1902, 47th sz) ("Czecho-Slovak invasion")
• A cseh-tót nemzetegység múltja, jelene és jóvője (Turč. Sv. Martin 1902), Czech: Minulost, přítomnost a budoucnost československé národní jednoty (translation by Ed. Guller Tschóvője 1904) ("past, present and future of the national unity")
• Slováci a ich reč (Budapest 1903) ("The Slovaks and their language")
• Slovenská reč a jej miesto v rodine slovanských jazykov (1906) ("The Slovak language and its place in the family of Slavic languages")

literature

• Horst Glassl: Czambel, Samo . In: Biographical Lexicon on the History of Southeast Europe . Volume 1. Munich 1974, p. 356 f.

Web links

• Works by Samuel Czambel on zlatyfond.sme.sk (Slovak)
• Original text by Rukoväť spisovnej reči slovenskej
• Samuel Cambel (Slovak) (PDF; 47 kB)