Samuel friend

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Samuel Freund with hat, around 1930

Samuel Freund ( September 24, 1868 in Gleiwitz , Upper Silesia - June 28, 1939 in Hanover ) was a German rabbi and the last Hanoverian rabbi.

Life

Samuel was the son of the businessman Isidor Freund and his wife Cäcilie, geb. Nothmann. After attending the Elisabet Gymnasium in Wroclaw , Freund studied philosophy and oriental languages ​​at the University of Wroclaw from 1887 to 1894 and at the same time was trained at the Jewish Theological Seminary in Wroclaw . He received his doctorate in 1892 at the University of Heidelberg .

In 1889 Freund became a teacher at the religious school of the local Jewish community in Breslau. In 1893 he was first elected rabbi in Czarnikau , and then in Ostrowo in 1898 . There he met his wife Minna geb. Feilchenfeld know and married her.

Street sign with legend panel to the land Rabbi: The Freundallee corner Hans-Böckler-Allee in Hanover, district Bult

Freund was called to Hanover in 1907 as the second rabbi of the local synagogue community, where he taught at the community religious school. At the same time he was responsible for the organization of Jewish religious education in public schools. Freund was involved in numerous Jewish associations and foundations.

In 1919 Samuel Freund joined with his brochure On the Jewish Question! Facts as a defender of Judaism, but also as a counter-speaker in political gatherings of ethnic parties: In 1921, in a public dispute with Dietrich Eckar (d) t , who later became editor-in-chief of the Völkischer Beobachter , the war effort of the Jews was recognized.

In 1924 Freund was elected Hanoverian land rabbi . He became a board member of the General Association of Rabbis and worked in the Prussian State Association of Jewish Congregations .

In 1937 Samuel Freund published a brochure on the history of the land rabbinate. Although he retired in 1938 at the age of 70, he took over the care of the Jewish community again after the emigration of Rabbi Emil Schorsch .

Samuel Freund was buried in the Jewish cemetery at An der Strangriede .

Three years later, his widow Minna was deported to Theresienstadt on July 23, 1942 , and died there. His two older children Eduard and Lisa had already emigrated to Palestine in the 1930s, and the youngest son Julius to Southern California in 1938.

In 1961 the city of Hanover named Freundallee in the Bult district after the rabbi.

Publications

  • The time sentences in Arabic, taking into account related languages ​​and modern Arabic dialects. Heidelberg 1892 (= dissertation).
  • On the Jewish question! Facts. Hanover 1919
  • Commemorative publication for the 40th anniversary festival of the Zionloge 15 UOBB 8 in Hanover. Hanover 1926.
  • A quarter of a millennium Hanoverian land rabbinate. Synagogue community, Hanover 1937.

literature

  • Dirk Böttcher : Hannoversches biographical lexicon: from the beginnings to the present . Schlütersche Verlag, Hannover 2002, ISBN 3-87706-706-9 , p. 121–122 ( limited preview in Google Book Search [accessed January 1, 2017]).
  • Guido Kisch: The Breslau seminar. Jewish Theological Seminar (Fraenkel Foundation) in Breslau 1854-1939 ; Gedächtnisschrift, Tübingen 1963; P. 415.
  • Ernst G. Lowenthal: Jews in Prussia. Biographical directory. A representative cross section, ed. from the picture archive of Prussian Cultural Heritage ; Berlin 1981; P. 65f.
  • Joseph Walk (ed.): Short biographies on the history of the Jews 1918–1945. Edited by the Leo Baeck Institute, Jerusalem. Saur, Munich 1988, ISBN 3-598-10477-4 , p. 101.
  • Life and destiny. On the inauguration of the synagogue in Hanover , ed. by the state capital Hanover, press office, in cooperation with the Jewish community Hanover eV; o. O., o. J. (Hannover, 1963); Pp. 115-124.
  • Peter Schulze : Contributions to the history of the Jews in Hanover (= Hannoversche Studien , Vol. 6); Hanover, 1998; Pp. 112-117.
  • Peter Schulze: Friend, Samuel. In: Klaus Mlynek, Waldemar R. Röhrbein (eds.) U. a .: City Lexicon Hanover . From the beginning to the present. Schlütersche, Hannover 2009, ISBN 978-3-89993-662-9 , p. 191.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Since 1927 together with Emil Schorsch .
  2. ^ The Stadtlexikon Hannover ... writes on p. 191 "Eckardt" with "dt".
  3. ↑ on the same page the Stadtlexikon Hannover names ... Eckar (d) t as editor .
personal data
SURNAME Friend, samuel
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German rabbi, last Hanoverian land rabbi
DATE OF BIRTH September 24, 1868
PLACE OF BIRTH Gliwice
DATE OF DEATH June 28, 1939
Place of death Hanover