Czarnków
Czarnków | ||
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Basic data | ||
State : | Poland | |
Voivodeship : | Greater Poland | |
Powiat : | Czarnków-Trzcianka | |
Area : | 9.7 km² | |
Geographic location : | 52 ° 54 ' N , 16 ° 34' E | |
Height : | 50 m npm | |
Residents : | 10,675 (Jun. 30, 2019) |
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Postal code : | 64-700 | |
Telephone code : | (+48) 67 | |
License plate : | PCT | |
Economy and Transport | ||
Street : | DW 174 : Drezdenko - Krzyż Wielkopolski | |
Ext. 178 : Wałcz - Trzcianka | ||
Ext. 181 : Drezdenko -Czarnków; | ||
Rail route : | Piła -↔ Bzowo Goraj | |
Next international airport : | Poses | |
Gmina | ||
Gminatype: | Borough | |
Residents: | 10,675 (Jun. 30, 2019) |
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Community number ( GUS ): | 3002011 | |
Administration (as of 2015) | ||
Mayor : | ||
Address: | ul.Rybaki 3 64-700 Czarnków |
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Website : | www.czarnkow.pl |
Czarnków [ ˈʧarnkuf ] ( German Czarnikau ) is the district town of the powiat Czarnkowsko-Trzcianecki ( Czarnikau-Schönlanke ) and seat of a rural community in Poland .
Geographical location
The city is located on the Netze (Noteć), about forty kilometers south of the city of Piła ( Schneidemühl ).
history
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Posen_1905.png/220px-Posen_1905.png)
Czarnków was founded in the 10th or 11th century. It was a fortress of Pomerania that belonged in 1100 a gentleman Gnevomir. A small settlement had already formed around the castle. Around 1107 or 1108 the fortress was built by the Polish Duke Bolesław III. Wrymouth attacked and overwhelmed using siege engines. From 1244 to 1407 the place was the seat of a castle bailiff. The town received its town charter in 1369. From the 13th century to the first half of the 17th century, Czarnków was owned by the Czarnkowski family, who belonged to the Nałęcz family. This is why the city still has the same coat of arms as the Nalecz family. In 1647 a Catholic parish school was opened.
As part of the first partition of Poland in 1772, the city and the network district came to Prussia . At the time of taking possession of the houses, most of which had thatched or shingle roofs , were in extremely poor condition; After part of the city burned down in 1776, Frederick the Great had more solid houses built at the expense of the state. The village belonged to the German Empire until 1920 . Czarnikau was the district town for the district of Czarnikau in the province of Poznan .
When Czarnikau was added to the newly founded Second Polish Republic in 1920 , the houses north of the nets, previously called Czarnikau Abbau , remained with Germany. They were given the new name Deutsch Czarnikau and were incorporated into the newly founded network district in the border region of Posen-West Prussia . Deutsch Czarnikau was renamed Scharnikau in 1937 .
From 1939 to 1945, Czarnków south of the Netze was occupied by the Germans , who in 1940 also renamed the city Scharnikau and incorporated it into the Reichsgau Wartheland .
Towards the end of the Second World War , the Red Army occupied the region at the beginning of 1945 . Soon after, the city was handed over to the administration of the People's Republic of Poland . The school was reopened on February 27, 1945. As far as there were Germans in the city, they were expelled by the local Polish administrative authority in the following period .
- Population numbers
- 1783: 1,432 (excluding garrison members), including 211 Jews, mostly Protestant Germans
- 1788: 1.231
- 1816: 1,995, including 868 Evangelicals, 657 Catholics and 470 Jews
- 1837: 3.124
- 1861: 4.120
- 2014: 11,175
traffic
Czarnków has a train station on the Bzowo Goraj – Piła railway line, which is only used for goods traffic to the south and has been completely disused to the north , with further stops in Osuch and Sarbia.
Partnerships
Twin town
- Gadebusch (Germany)
Rudolf Pieper (* 1935 near Czarnków), mayor of Gadebusch from 1990 to 1994, was made an honorary citizen of the city on April 23, 2010 at a special meeting of the city council of Czarnków. Czarnków honors Pieper's services for the understanding and friendship between the Mecklenburg city of Gadebusch and the Polish city of Czarnków.
Partner school
- The Käthe Kollwitz School in Rehna (Germany) is a partner school of the Public High School in Czarnków.
Born in the city
In alphabetic order
- Adolf Busse (1856–1942), German classical philologist and high school teacher
- Adolf Deter (1900–1969), German politician (KPD, SED) and trade union official (FDGB)
- Wilfried Erdmann (* 1940), German single-handed sailor
- Ada von Gersdorff (1854–1922), German writer
- Martin Gerson (1902–1944), pioneer of agricultural retraining of Jews for Palestine
- Ernst Haenchen (1894–1975), German theologian
- Augusta Holtz (1871–1986), German-American , was 115 years old
- Leopold Loewenherz (1847-1892), German physicist
- Friedrich David Michaelis (1813–1892), German high school and university teacher in Königsberg
- Georg von Müffling called Weiss (1875–1957), Prussian district administrator
- Johannes Neumann (1918–2012), German politician (SPD), Member of the Bundestag
- Frieda Riess (1890 – around 1955), German-Jewish photographer
- Edgar Rosenthal (1855–1927), German-Jewish banker
- Reinhold Sadler (1848–1906), American politician, Governor of Nevada
- Artur Schweriner (1882–1941), journalist and writer
- Oskar Theodor Schweriner (1873–1934), journalist and writer
- Piotr Waśko (* 1961), member of the Sejm
Gmina
The rural community of Czarnków, to which the city of Czarnków does not belong, covers an area of 347.98 km² and thus occupies 19% of the area of the powiat Czarnkowsko-Trzcianecki . The community has 11,421 inhabitants (as of June 30, 2019).
literature
- Heinrich Wuttke : City book of the country Posen. Codex diplomaticus: General history of the cities in the region of Poznan. Historical news from 149 individual cities . Leipzig 1864, pp. 459-460.
- Johann Friedrich Goldbeck : Complete topography of the Kingdom of Prussia. Second part, which contains the topography of West Prussia . Kantersche Hofdruckerei, Marienwerder 1789, pp. 112–113, no. 7).
Web links
Footnotes
- ↑ a b population. Size and Structure by Territorial Division. As of June 30, 2019. Główny Urząd Statystyczny (GUS) (PDF files; 0.99 MiB), accessed December 24, 2019 .
- ↑ Website of the city, Władze Samorządowe - Burmistrz Miasta ( Memento of the original of January 23, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed January 23, 2015
- ^ A b c d e Heinrich Wuttke : City book of the country of Posen. Codex diplomaticus: General history of the cities in the region of Poznan. Historical news from 149 individual cities . Leipzig 1864, pp. 459-460.
- ^ A b Johann Friedrich Goldbeck: Complete topography of the Kingdom of Prussia. Second part, which contains the topography of West Prussia . Kantersche Hofdruckerei, Marienwerder 1789, pp. 112–113, no. 7).
- ↑ http://www.netzekreis.de/ortschaften/deutsch_czarnikau/deutsch_czarnikau.html