Samuel Köster

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Document from Samuel Köster, Justice of the Peace of the Canton of Grünstadt, from the year 13 of the French Republic (1805)

Samuel Köster (born August 9, 1742 in Ober-Saulheim ; † July 21, 1829 in Colgenstein ) was a Protestant pastor and Jacobin .

origin

He was the son of the Lutheran pastor Johann Georg Daniel Köster in Ober-Saulheim and his wife, a native of Mettenheim. The village was under the rule of the Wildgraves and Rhine Counts, and the father, who was nicknamed "Salamander" , is known to have often expressed derogatory comments about the authorities. In addition, he was choleric and over-indulged in wine.

Friedrich Christian Laukhard reports in his memoirs that as a young man he was the vicar of this pastor and that they wanted to couple him with his unmarried elderly daughter.

Life

Samuel Köster attended high school in Idstein and studied at the University of Strasbourg from 1760 to 1763 . Then he worked as a Lutheran vicar in Guntersblum , Bad Dürkheim , Kirchheimbolanden and Heidesheim . 1769–1780 he was pastor in Steinbach am Donnersberg , 1780–1787 in Billigheim and 1788–1793 clerical inspector in Colgenstein and councilor in the Leiningen-Heidesheim consistory .

In 1792, during the First Coalition War, the French revolutionary troops invaded the German areas on the left bank of the Rhine for the first time . Pastor Köster immediately declared himself a supporter of their ideas and had a freedom tree erected in Colgenstein . On March 17, 1793 in joined Mainz the Rheinisch-German National Convention of the newly formed Republic of Mainz had been together in the Samuel Koster as a deputy of Colgenstein and Heidenheim posted. As early as July 1793, this state ceased to exist as a result of the war. When the Prussian troops marched in, Samuel Köster fled to his former parish village, Billigheim, which was under French occupation. Here he officiated as a Lutheran pastor until he was able to return to Colgenstein in 1797.

There, under the new French government, he resumed his previous office as clergyman inspector and Lutheran pastor. He also worked as a community clerk and was appointed justice of the peace for the canton of Grünstadt . These courts of peace were newly introduced in France in 1790 and were retained here in 1816 when the Rhine Palatinate fell from France to the Kingdom of Bavaria . Justices of the peace always had to be legal laypeople with a general reputation, who could settle minor legal disputes due to their reputation and proximity to the people. Before an action could be brought before an ordinary court , a conciliatory hearing had to take place before the magistrate's court. They were also responsible for guardianship and civil status matters as well as inheritance matters . The justice of the peace also acted as simple police judges in the event of violations and were investigative judges on behalf of the higher courts to investigate crimes that had occurred. Samuel Köster exercised the responsible office, in addition to his spiritual work, until 1815.

Pastor Köster took part in 1818 in Kaiserslautern in the joint Lutheran Reformed Synod for the Palatinate Church Union . After the union was completed, he, as the oldest Lutheran cleric present, distributed the Lord's Supper and described the day as the happiest of his 27,375 days of life to date. In 1828 he was awarded the Medal of Honor of the Bavarian Order of Ludwig .

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Friedrich Christian Laukhard : Life and Deeds of the Rhine Count Carl Magnus, whom Joseph II sent to prison in Königstein for ten years , Halle, 1798, p. 171; (Digital scan)
  2. ↑ Magister Friedrich Christian Laukhard's Life and Fates , Volume 1, p. 136 u. 137, Tredition Verlag, 2012, ISBN 3842418523 ; (Digital scan)
  3. ^ Franz Dumont: The Mainzer Republic of 1792/93: Studies on Revolutionization in Rheinhessen and the Palatinate , Verlag der Rheinhessische Druckwerkstätte, 1982, p. 419, ISBN 3878540353 ; (Detail scan)
  4. ^ Heinrich Scheel: Die Mainzer Republik , Volume 2, p. 503, Akademie-Verlag, 1975; (Detail scan)
  5. ^ Johannes Müller: The Prehistory of the Palatinate Union , Verlag Robert Stupperich, 1967, p. 140; (Detail scan)
  6. ^ Website on the Protestant church history of Billigheim-Ingenheim
  7. ^ PA Müller: Statistical yearbook for the German states between the Rhine, the Moselle and the French border, to the year 1815 , p. 57, Mainz, 1815; (Digital scan)
  8. ↑ Friedrich Schultz: Confirmations speech of March 24, 1839, p. 7, Speyer, 1839; (Digital scan)
  9. ^ Complete certificate of the union of both Protestant confessions in the royal Bavarian Rhine district , Speyer, 1822, p. 36; (Digital scan)
  10. ^ Intelligence Gazette of the Rhine District , year 1838, p. 215; (Digital scan)
personal data
SURNAME Köster, Samuel
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Köster Eberhard Samuel
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German Protestant clergyman, revolutionary, deputy in the Rhine-German National Convention of the Mainz Republic and justice of the peace
DATE OF BIRTH August 9, 1742
PLACE OF BIRTH Ober-Saulheim
DATE OF DEATH July 21, 1829
Place of death Colgenstein-Heidesheim