San Sebastiano fuori le mura

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San Sebastiano fuori le mura

RomaSanSebastiano.jpg

Patronage : St. Sebastian
Consecration : 4th century AD
Rank: Basilica minor
Medal: Franciscan
Cardinal priest : Lluís Martínez Sistach
Address: Via Appia Antica 136
00179 Roma
Cistercian Abbey of Catacumbas
location ItalyItaly Italy
Region Lazio
Province of Rome
Coordinates: 41 ° 51 '20 "  N , 12 ° 30' 56"  E Coordinates: 41 ° 51 '20 "  N , 12 ° 30' 56"  E
Patronage St. Sebastian
Cistercian since 1171
Year of dissolution /
annulment 		1826
Mother monastery Saint-Sulpice monastery
later Santa Maria di Falleri monastery
Primary Abbey Pontigny monastery

Daughter monasteries

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The basilica San Sebastiano fuori le mura ( Latin Sancti Sebastiani extra muros , German Saint Sebastian in front of the walls ), as the name of the title also San Sebastiano alle Catacombe (Latin Sancti Sebastiani ad Catacumbas , German Saint Sebastian near the catacombs ), is one of the seven pilgrimage churches of Rome . It is also a parish church .

The church stands directly above the complex of the Sebastian catacombs (former grave of the martyr Sebastian ) on the Via Appia Antica around six kilometers south of today's city center and the Aurelian city wall .

history

Interior of the church

There were already some graves there when the place became particularly important for the Christians in the 3rd century, because they kept the relics of Saints Peter and Paul there during the persecution of Christians under the emperors Decius and Valerian . The three-aisled basilica under Emperor Constantine was originally dedicated to these saints as the Basilica Apostolorum . The place where it was built had the field name ad catacumbas (in the (valley) depression). The term catacombs was derived from this hall name. The name of the church after St. Sebastian, the most prominent of the martyrs buried in these catacombs, has existed since the 8th century.

The associated monastery belonged to the Benedictine order and then to the Canon Regulars , but was passed on to the Cistercians in 1171 , who came from the Saint-Sulpice monastery in the French department of Ain and thus from the filiation of the Pontigny primary abbey . In 1260, however, the monastery was subordinated to the monastery of Santa Maria di Falleri . The basilica received its current baroque appearance during the renovation by Flaminio Ponzio , which was commissioned by Cardinal Scipione Borghese in 1612. Only the central nave of the Constantinian basilica was used. The facade and portico were created by Giovanni Vasanzio .

In 1614 the monastery took over the reform of the Fulienser . In 1802 it joined the Italian Cistercian Congregation. In 1826 it passed to the Franciscans . During the course of the 20th century, excavations uncovered ancient Roman and Christian graves, ancient houses and remains of the Constantinian church building. There is a small forecourt in front of the church, on the right side of which is the entrance to the catacombs.

In the vicinity of San Sebastiano are the Callistus and Domitilla catacombs as well as the Church of Santa Maria in Palmis , better known as Domine quo vadis .

San Sebastiano alle Catacombe was founded in 1962 by Pope John XXIII. raised to the title church .

Cardinal priest

Previous cardinal priests of San Sebastiano all Catacombe:

Web links

Commons : San Sebastiano fuori le mura  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Diocese of Rome
  2. ↑ This and some other details according to Anton Henze et al.: Rome and Latium. Art monuments and museums. Reclam Stuttgart 1981, p. 275 f. ISBN 3-15-008679-5