Santa Caterina da Siena (Rome)
 facade |
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| Basic data | |
| Denomination | Roman Catholic |
| place | Rome , Italy |
| diocese | Diocese of Rome |
| Patronage | Catherine of Siena |
| Building history | |
| architect | Paolo Posi |
| construction time | 1766 - 1775 |
| 41 ° 53 '44 " N , 12 ° 28' 8" E | |
The Church of Santa Caterina da Siena is a Roman church and is located in the Rione Regola , in Via Giulia .
history
The history of the church is inextricably linked with the history of the Arch-Brotherhood of Siena, to which the building still belongs today. The Sienese community has been present in Rome since the end of the 14th century. At first it was located in the church of Santa Maria in Monterone , in the middle of the 15th century it moved to the tomb of Saint Catherine in the basilica of Santa Maria sopra Minerva ; after 1461, the year of the canonization of the Sienese saints, the seat of the brotherhood became the church of San Nicola degli Incoronati near Via Giulia.
In 1519 the community was officially recognized as a brotherhood by Pope Leo X. Since Sienese merchants and bankers have lived in Via Giulia since the 15th century, it was decided to build the church dedicated to the patron saint of the city, the oratory of the brotherhood and the house for the clergy. This work was entrusted to Baldassare Peruzzi in 1526 and financed by the Sienese nobility in Rome, including Cardinal Giovanni Piccolomini and the banker Agostino Chigi . After being destroyed by the floods of the Tiber , the building was completely rebuilt according to a design by Paolo Posi between 1766 and 1775, the year the new altar was inaugurated.
Descriptions of the early church have been preserved in some documents that are now kept in the archives of the brotherhood (which became an arch brotherhood in 1736). It had three altars: on the main altar was the painting depicting the Resurrection of Girolamo Genga , which is now kept in the oratory of the Arch-Brotherhood; the side altars were frescoed by Timoteo della Vite , a student of Raphael , and Antiveduto Gramatica , whose grave was in the church.
description
The design of the facade was influenced by Borromini . On the sides of the central window are Romulus and Remus with the she-wolf , the symbol of Siena, since, according to legend, this city was founded by Remus .
The interior consists of a single nave with four side chapels and a slightly raised presbytery and an apse. In the panels that adorn the barrel vault there are two tempera paintings depicting angels playing music by Ermenegildo Costantini . The walls are decorated with four ovals on each side, painted by Ignazio Morlà , Tommaso Conca , Étienne Parrocel and Pietro Angeletti .
In the two chapels on the right there are two altarpieces from the 18th century depicting a sermon by St. Bernard the Sicilian Salvatore Monosilio and Christ Appearing to Blessed Bernardo Tolomei in the prayer of Niccolò La Piccola . Two other works from the same period can be seen in the two chapels on the left: an Assumption of the Virgin by Tommaso Conca and the episode by Domenico Corvi in which Gregory VII extinguishes the fire lit by Henry IV's troops . Next to this last work is the grave monument for Paolo Posi , the architect of the church, by Giuseppe Palazzi .
In the area of the presbytery are: In the apse the painting by Laurent Pêcheux The Return of Gregory XI. from Avignon (1773), for which Saint Catherine was so strongly committed, and at the high altar The Mystical Wedding of Saint Catherine (1768) by Gaetano Lapis .
The only surviving remains of the old church are now in the oratory of the Arch Brotherhood on the first floor of the outbuilding. These are the aforementioned Resurrection of Gerolamo Genga, a wooden cross painted on both sides, attributed to Rutilio Manetti , and the plaster statue of St. Catherine of Ercole Ferrata .
The church and the outbuildings extend as far as Via di Monserrato, where the facade was redesigned in 1912 based on the house where Saint Catherine of Siena was born in Fontebranda.
literature
- Federica Papi: Santa Caterina da Siena . In: Roma Sacra. Guida alle chiese della Città eterna, 12º itinerario . 1995, p. 8-12 .
- Mariano Armellini: Le chiese di Roma dal secolo IV al XIX . Tipografia Vaticana, Rome 1891, p. 423 ( uchicago.edu ).
- Christian Hülsen: Le chiese di Roma nel Medio Evo . Leo S. Olschki, Florence 1927, p. 530 ( uchicago.edu ).
- Antonio Nibby: Roma nell'anno MDCCCXXXVIII . Part prima moderna. Rome 1839, p. 153-155 ( google.it ).
- Claudio Rendina: Le Chiese di Roma . Newton & Compton Editori, Rome 2000, ISBN 978-88-541-1833-1 , pp. 45 .
- Mauro Quercioli: Rione VII Regola . In: I rioni di Roma . tape II . Newton & Compton Editori, Rome 2000, p. 457-458 .
- Roma . In: Touring Club Italiano (ed.): Guida d'Italia . Milan 1992, p. 350 .
Web links
- The church . Diocese of Rome.