Santo André de Teixido
| Municipality of Cedeira: Santo André de Teixido | |||
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 Santo André de Teixido
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| coat of arms | Map of Spain | ||
 Help on coat of arms |
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| Basic data | |||
| Autonomous Community : | Galicia | ||
| Province : | A Coruña | ||
| Comarca : | Ferrol | ||
| Coordinates | 43 ° 43 ′ N , 7 ° 59 ′ W | ||
| Height : | 140 msnm | ||
| Residents : | 48 (2013) INE | ||
| Postal code : | 15358 | ||
| Area code: | 15022072101 | ||
| Nearest airport : | A Coruña | ||
| administration | |||
| Website : | www.cedeira.es/inicio/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=20&Itemid=186&lang=es | ||
Santo André de Teixido ( Galician ) or San Andrés de Teixido ( Spanish ) is a place of pilgrimage on the north coast of Galicia .
Geographical location
The place is 12 km northeast of Cedeira on the coast of the Serra da Capelada , in a protected green valley that interrupts the rugged cliffs. It belongs to the Parroquia Régoa of the municipality of Cedeira.
Place of pilgrimage
After Santiago de Compostela, the Santo André Chapel is Galicia’s most important place of pilgrimage. The main time for pilgrimages is between August and November; outstanding dates are August 8th and September 29th.
A few houses and souvenir booths crowd around the pilgrimage church. According to the INE , the small settlement had 48 inhabitants in 2013 , including 30 men and 18 women.
Word meaning
The Galician word teixido is derived from teixo (" yew "), meaning a place where there are many yew trees.
history
It is believed that Teixido was a place of worship as early as the Iron Age during the Castro culture . The oldest surviving written evidence as a Christian pilgrimage site dates from 1391. In her will, a Señora de Vivero states :
"Iten mando yr por min en romaria a Santo Andre de Teixido, porque llo tenno prometudo, et que le ponnan enno seu altar hua candea commo he hua muller de meu estado."
"I want people to go to the sanctuary of Santo André de Teixido for me, because I have praised it, and that they put a candle on the altar that is appropriate for a woman of my class."
The Father Martin Sarmiento describes the place in 1703 as a small monastery, which has existed since the 12th century, by virtue of the protection of the Counts of Traba. In 1196 they left the property to the Order of Malta . Years later, the place was jointly owned by the Order of Malta and the Andrade de San Sadurniño family . The coats of arms of this family have been preserved in the building. The place was called SAN IVAN; in medieval capital letters the latter stands for San Juan , not for San Ivan as one might think.
Construction of the church in its current form began in the 16th century.
The double dependency between the Order of Malta and the family led to a dispute over the income from pilgrims' taxes and from tithing . Despite these conflicts and thanks to the abundant income, the church was expanded and renewed several times in the 17th and 18th centuries. The retable was created in 1624 . The choir was rebuilt in 1665 and the nave in 1785 .
construction
In terms of its basic shape, it is a Gothic church of the so-called maritime type. The large pointed arch between nave and choir is a visible element from that era. The oldest parts dates from the time of Andrade: the apse , originally vaulted, and the side door, framed by an ogee in Elizabethan style . It served as the main entrance until the 18th century.
The new facade and the side tower were completed in 1781. The chapel of Miguel López de la Peña was built in 1789.
In 1970, murals depicting the martyrdom of St. Andrew were uncovered .
Legends and Customs
Pilgrimage of souls
A saying goes:
"Ao Santo André de Teixido vai de morto, o que no foi de vivo."
"Whoever did not do so as a living must make a pilgrimage to Santo André as dead."
Some pilgrims take the soul of a dead person with them on the bus, buy an additional ticket for them and let them sit in the window. Otherwise, so the legend goes, the souls must assume animal form and crawl and crawl to Santo André.
Picking up stones
The pilgrims were in the habit of taking a stone with them at the tumuli they passed. In the comarca of Cedeira these tumuli are called amilladoiros . There are 20 of them between Veniño and Teixido. According to the legend, the stones would speak for the owners at the Last Judgment , as proof that they had made a pilgrimage to Santo André.
The fountain with the three tubes
You drink from the well with the three tubes, make a wish with St. Andrew and throw a chunk of bread into the water. A small figure is formed from the bread beforehand, according to the type of wish. Originally there were three figures, a woman, a man and a pigeon. There are now five:
- The hand for love and friendship;
- the fish for work and livelihood;
- the ship for travel, home and trade;
- the saint for mental and physical health and a good communal life;
- the pansy for study, exams and good wits.
When the breadcrumb floats, the wish will come true. If it goes down there is no hope.
Lovesweed
If you leave a bouquet of beach carnations by the church , this should help against love problems. In Galician this plant is called herba de namorar , love herb . The souvenir booths around the church sell such bouquets.
Branch of St. Andrew
Another custom is to bring a twig from the pilgrimage. It consists of a hazel whip to which small yew twigs and some “love herb” are attached.
Individual references and notes
- ↑ a b c Tobias Büscher: Galicia & Jakobsweg. DuMont Reiseverlag, Ostfildern 2014, ISBN 978-3-7701-7397-6 , p. 210.
- ↑ XL Armada Pita: Cultos ancestrais e peregrinacións a Teixido. In: Aulas no Camiño. Rutas Atlánticas. J. Leira ed., University of A Coruña , 1997.
- ↑ a b la diócesis en imágenes. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on November 10, 2014 ; Retrieved October 4, 2014 (Spanish). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ "tipología marinera"
- ↑ M. Aneiros Loureiro and others: San Andrés de Teixido. Historias de romeros y peregrinos. Ed. Galicia Mágica, 2007.
- ↑ Galicia.net: San Andrés de Teixido. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on February 18, 2016 ; Retrieved October 4, 2014 (Spanish). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
