Savannah (ship, 1819)
| Savannah | ||
|---|---|---|
.JPG) |
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| Ship data | ||
| Ship type : | Sailing ship with a steam engine | |
| Builder: | Fickett & Crocker | |
| Owner: | Savannah Steam Ship Company | |
| Technical specifications | ||
| Measurement : | about 350 GRT about 170 NRT |
|
| Load capacity: | approx? t | |
| Length over all: | 30.50 m | |
| Length between perpendiculars: | 30.02 m | |
| Width over everything: | 7.92 m 11.00 m over wheel arches |
|
| Side height: | ? m | |
| Draft : | 4.26 m | |
| Propulsion system | ||
| Drive: | 1 × steam engine on paddle wheels | |
| Machine power: | about 90 hp | |
| Top speed: | about 8 kn | |
| Others | ||
| Rigging: | 3 masts | |
| Whereabouts: | Stranded off Long Island on November 5, 1821 and demolished on site | |
The Savannah was an American sailing ship with additional equipment as a paddle steamer and the first ship to cross the Atlantic (at least partially) with the help of a steam engine .
history
Construction of the ship
In May 1818, Captain Moses Rodgers and engineer Stephen Vail of Speedwell, New Jersey, with donors from Savannah , Georgia, founded the Savannah Steam Ship Company to operate a seaworthy steamship. In the same month the keel of the Savannah was stretched at the shipyard Fickett & Crocker , on August 18, 1818 the sailing ship was launched. Only now did the Scarborough & Isaacs company acquire the sailing ship from Fickett & Crocker in order to have it converted into a steamship for the Savannah Steam Ship Company . Under the supervision of Rogers and Vail, the Savannah was converted into a steamship. The sails were completely preserved during the renovation. The maximum width of the hull was 7.92 m, above the boxes of the paddle wheels 11.00 m. The draft of the steam engine and the boiler was provided by Daniel Dod, the cylinder by James P. Allaire. The paddle wheels were designed so that they could be taken out of the water; At maximum speed, the paddle wheels (each with a diameter of 4.65 m) made around 16 revolutions per minute and allowed the ship to travel at a maximum speed of around 4–5 kn (approx. 7.4–9.3 km / h). The maximum speed under sail was around 8 kn (almost 15 km / h).
First drive
On March 28, 1819, the Savannah left New York on her maiden voyage to Savannah. From there she made a flying visit to Charleston and started on May 22nd under the command of Captain Rodgers for the crossing to Liverpool , which was reached on June 20th. The fuel supply on board consisted of 75 tons of coal and almost 90 cubic meters of wood. This first trip took place with no cargo or passengers . Although seats for 32 travelers had been advertised in the run-up to the trip, no passengers turned up, presumably because the steam engine was still widely distrusted. During the crossing there were several encounters with other ships on which it was suspected that the Savannah was on fire. The steam engine was only used for about 80 hours on the crossing, mostly during slacks or on arrival to attract attention. In addition, it turned out that the fuel supply was too tight and, extrapolated, would only have lasted for 18 days. Nevertheless, on this voyage, which lasted 27 days and eleven hours, the ship undercut the average travel time of a sailing ship when crossing the Atlantic by around ten to 15 days at the time.
After the crossing
From Great Britain , the Savannah made a tour of Europe via Stockholm , St. Petersburg , Kronstadt , Copenhagen and the Norwegian Arendal , before reaching Savannah on November 30, 1819 on the return voyage. Since the ship was a financial failure, it was later sold again, its steam engine expanded and sold back to the manufacturer Allaire.
It was then used as a freighter in the liner service between New York and Savannah until it stranded off Long Island on November 5, 1821 and was later broken off on the spot.
It was not until almost twenty years later that regular steamship traffic began to develop across the Atlantic.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Alfred Dudszus, Alfred Köpcke: The great book of ship types . Volume 2. Weltbild Verlag (licensed edition by transpress, Berlin), Augsburg 1995, p. 241.
- ↑ Dudszus: The great book of ship types , p. 241.
literature
- Alfred Dudszus, Alfred Köpcke: The big book of ship types . Weltbild Verlag (licensed edition by transpress, Berlin), Augsburg 1995, p. 28, ISBN 3-89350-831-7
- Robert D. Ballard , Ken Marschall : Lost Liners - From the Titanic to Andrea Doria - the glory and decline of the great luxury liners . Wilhelm Heyne Verlag GmbH & Co., Munich 1997, ISBN 3-453-12905-9 (English: Lost Liners: From the Titanic to the Andrea Doria. The ocean floor reveals its greatest lost ships. Translated by Helmut Gerstberger).