Scarlet strawberry
| Scarlet strawberry | ||||||||||||
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Scarlet strawberry |
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| Fragaria virginiana | ||||||||||||
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The scarlet strawberry ( Fragaria virginiana ) comes from North America and is one of the two progeny of the garden strawberry . It is native to the United States (including Alaska ) and Canada . Compared to wild strawberries, it has large fruits.
features
The scarlet-strawberry is a perennial , herbaceous plant , the short rhizomes owns and forms several slim long spurs. The leaf and flower stalks are scattered hairy and usually not reddened.
The leaves are the threefold, compound leaves characteristic of the genus. The stems are short, the leaf margin is strongly serrated. The tooth at the tip of the leaf is narrower and shorter than the adjacent ones. The color of the leaves is blue-gray. The upper side of the leaf is hairless, the underside is bare to silky hairy.
The flowers stand in pairs to 15 in inflorescences on three to 15 centimeter long pedicels, which are shorter than the leaves. The five white petals are six to eight (12) millimeters long.
The nuts are in the genus typical "berries", which are actually collective fruits . The berries are red, juicy and more aromatic than the cultivated forms. The fruit stalk is shorter than the leaves.
distribution
The scarlet strawberry is native to North America and occurs here in open forests and forest clearings, often also in disturbed locations. It prefers sunny locations. It mainly grows between 1200 and 3300 m above sea level.
Systematics
There are four subspecies:
- Fragaria virginiana subsp. glauca (S.Watson) Staudt
- Fragaria virginiana subsp. grayana (Vilm. ex J. Gay) Staudt
- Fragaria virginiana subsp. platypetala (Rydb.) Staudt
- Fragaria virginiana subsp. virginiana
meaning
The fruits are collected and eaten raw, frozen or dried, but also processed into jams. The leaves were and are used for herbal teas.
The scarlet strawberry is next to the chile strawberry ( Fragaria chiloensis ) the most important parent species of the garden strawberry ( Fragaria × ananassa ).
Common names
The other common German names raspberry strawberry and virgin strawberry exist or existed for the scarlet strawberry.
swell
- Günther Staudt: Systematics and geographic distribution of the American strawberry species: taxonomic studies in the genus Fragaria (Rosaceae: Potentilleae) . Univ. of Calif. Press, Berkeley [et al. a.] 1999.
Individual evidence
- ↑ USDA
- ^ Manfred A. Fischer , Wolfgang Adler, Karl Oswald: Excursion flora for Austria, Liechtenstein and South Tyrol. 2nd, improved and enlarged edition. Province of Upper Austria, Biology Center of the Upper Austrian State Museums, Linz 2005, ISBN 3-85474-140-5 , p. 485.
- ^ Georg August Pritzel , Carl Jessen : The German folk names of plants. New contribution to the German linguistic treasure. Philipp Cohen, Hannover 1882, page 154. ( online ).
