Scheuchzer's bellflower
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Scheuchzer's bellflower ( Campanula Scheuchzeri ) |
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The Scheuchzer's bellflower ( Campanula Scheuchzeri ) belongs to the genus of bellflowers ( Campanula ). The species is named after the Swiss naturalist Johann Jakob Scheuchzer .
description
The perennial herb with creeping rhizome and upright, bare stem reaches heights of growth of 5 to 40 centimeters. The long-stalked basal leaves are rounded, kidney-shaped to heart-shaped and are already dried up by the time they bloom. The stem leaves linear-lanceolate, sitting, narrowing towards the top and ciliate at the base.
The flowers are solitary or in a few-flowered (usually two to five, less often up to seven), loose, usually somewhat one-sided bunch . The flowers are erect or slightly nodding. The buds are nodding. The blue-violet crown is bell-shaped and is between 18 and 26 millimeters long. It is split up to a quarter of its length into egg-shaped, pointed tips. The crown is usually more intensely colored than in the other related species.
The flowering period extends from July to August.
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 68 or 102.
Occurrence
The distribution area includes the mountains of Central and Southern Europe between an altitude of 1000 and 3200 m . In Austria Scheuchzer's bellflower is often from the subalpine to the alpine altitude level . It is missing in Vienna and Burgenland . In the Allgäu Alps, it rises to an altitude of well over 2000 meters.
Relict sites outside the Alps can be found, for example, on the Feldberg in the Black Forest between 1000 and 1300 meters above sea level and on the Belchen at over 1340 meters above sea level.
Meadows, pastures and rock rubble on mostly acidic soils are preferred as locations. It occurs in societies of the orders Seslerietalia or Nardetalia, but also in high-montane subalpine societies of the Polygono-Trisetion association.
ecology
Scheuchzer's bellflower is closely related to the round-leaved bellflower and there are a large number of natural hybrids that cannot be clearly assigned. Cross-pollination is ensured by the time shifting of pollen and stigma ripeness ( proterandry as with all bluebell species).
literature
- Xaver Finkenzeller, Jürke Grau: Alpine flowers. Recognize and determine (= Steinbach's natural guide ). Mosaik, Munich 2002, ISBN 3-576-11482-3 , p. 238 .
- Wolfgang Adler, Karl Oswald, Raimund Fischer: Excursion flora of Austria . Ed .: Manfred A. Fischer. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart / Vienna 1994, ISBN 3-8001-3461-6 , p. 778 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp. 894 .
- ↑ Erhard Dörr, Wolfgang Lippert : Flora of the Allgäu and its surroundings. Volume 2, IHW, Eching 2004, ISBN 3-930167-61-1 , p. 555.
- ↑ Anette Rosenbauer: Campanulaceae . In: O.Sebald et al .: The fern and flowering plants of Baden-Württemberg . Volume 5, pages 435-436. Stuttgart, Verlag Eugen Ulmer, 1996. ISBN 3-8001-3342-3
Web links
- Scheuchzer's bellflower. In: FloraWeb.de.
- Scheuchzer's bellflower . In: BiolFlor, the database of biological-ecological characteristics of the flora of Germany.
- Profile and distribution map for Bavaria . In: Botanical Information Hub of Bavaria .
- Campanula Scheuchzeri Vill. In: Info Flora , the national data and information center for Swiss flora . Retrieved April 6, 2016.
- Thomas Meyer: Bellflower data sheet with identification key and photos at Flora-de: Flora von Deutschland (old name of the website: Flowers in Swabia )