Ship pictures on rune and picture stones
Images of ships on rune and picture stones can be found on some rune stones from the Viking Age , but particularly true to life on Gotland picture stones .
Rune stones
17 rune stones with depictions of ships are known from Sweden and eight from Denmark , while Norway only knows one example. Some depictions show Thor's fishing move and are not depictions of long ships. Other stones show a series of shields along the railing , indicating warships . There are two hull shapes for ships with shields .
One type resembles Mediterranean galleys with a battering spur . The best example of this type is the ship on the runestone at Tullstorp which has 15 shields but no rigging . Most other ships of this hull shape also lack mast and sails . A single example on the fragment of a stone from Spentrup in Jutland has at least one mast. The ships with ram rams can be dated between 950 and 1025 AD and mostly come from Denmark and Scania , although there is an example from Östergötland .
The other shape of the hull can only be seen once together with shields. They exist (only partially preserved) on the rune stone from Sønder Kirkeby (DR 220) on Falster in Denmark. This hull shape is known from archaeological finds. It is the normal shape found on the majority of rune stones depicting ships. Not all of the shields on the Sønder Kirkeby depiction survived, but there were probably more than 12.
The rune stone from Sparlösa in Västergötland , Sweden occupies a special position and shows a wealth of details. It is different from the Swedish rune stones, which are dated to around 800 AD. The ship on the Sparlösa Stein is unusual. Its hull is low and the board layers on the sides of the ship are marked. The stems are long, high and bent back so that they are over the ship and end. The ship has a rudder and 13 rudder holes in the top shelf. The ship is shown with mast, sails and shrouds and a pennant or a ship's flag can be seen at the top of the mast .
The fragmentary stones from Hørdum (in Denmark) and Långtora kirka (with runes), U 1001 in Rasbo and U 1161 in Altuna all show ships in Sweden, but mostly have no runes.
Danish rune stones
Danish rune stones or stones with Danish identification (DR) in the southern Swedish provinces of Blekinge , Halland and Schonen , which show ships, are DR 77 in Hjermind, DR 119 in Spentrup, DR 220 in Sønder Kirkeby (fragmentary) and DR EM85; 523 in Farsø.
In southern Sweden there are DR 258 in Bösarp , DR 271 in Tullstorp and DR 328 in Holmby.
Swedish runes and figurines
Swedish runes or figurative stones with depictions of ships are Ög 181 Ledbergstenen in Ledberg, Ög 224 in Stratomta, Ög MÖLM1960; 230 in Törnevalla, Sö122 in Skresta, Sö 154 in Skarpåker, Sö 158 in Österberga, Sö 164 in Spanga, Sö 351 Överjärna 352 in Linga, Vg 51 in Husabyvägen, U 370 in Herresta, U 979 in Alt-Uppsala, U 1052 in Axlunda, U 1161 in Altuna and Vs 17 in Raby.
Gotland picture stones
Gotland picture stones ( Swedish bildstenar or billedstenar ) of type 3 are from the Vendel and Viking times . They occur on Gotland , occasionally on the neighboring coasts of the Baltic Sea and on Öland . The face of the sometimes very large stones is decorated with figures and ornaments, including ships in particular.
See also
literature
- Erik Nylén , Jan Peder Lamm: Picture stones on Gotland. Wachholtz, Neumünster 1981, (2nd, expanded and completed German edition. Ibid 1991, ISBN 3-529-01823-6 ).
