Shield-shaped disc Lorchel
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Shield-shaped disc laurel ( Gyromitra parma ) |
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| ( Breitenbach & Maas Geest. ) Kotl. & Pouzar |
The shield-shaped disc laurel ( Gyromitra parma , syn. Discina parma ) is a type of mushroom from the family of poison lorel relatives . The fungus that grows in alluvial forests on the ground or on decayed hardwood forms cup-like to flat fruiting bodies .
features
Macroscopic features
The fruit bodies, which are disc-shaped to slightly cup-shaped in the youth stage, later become wrinkled to wavy and finally lobed-wrinkled with the edges bent downwards. They reach a width of 5 to 10 cm and a height of 3 to 6 cm. The uneven, wrinkled and bumpy inside is deepened in the middle and colored red to yellow-brown. The outside appears lighter brown and merges into the white stem . This is 3–6 cm long and 2–3 cm thick. It is wrinkled and pitted at the base, hollow and has a chambered structure. The stem gradually thickens towards the top. The meat is light brown in color, tastes mild and has no specific smell.
Microscopic features
The fruit layer ( hymenium ) is on the surface of the fruit body. The spores are elliptical, have bearded appendages 2–3 µm long at the ends and measure 25–32.5 × 11–12.5 µm without them. They are transparent ( hyaline ) and have one large and two smaller oil droplets inside. Their surface is ornamented with a coarse network . There are eight spores in each of the 300–350 × 25–30.5 µm tubes ( asci ). The paraphyses are thread-like, septate and thickened at the tip. They reach sizes from 5 to 10 µm.
Species delimitation
The very similar disc laurel ( G. ancilis ), which also fructifies in spring, grows on conifers. Both types can be distinguished microscopically by their spores. The Morel Cupling ( Disciotis venosa ), which occurs in deciduous forests like the shield-shaped Disc Lorchel , differs from this one by its unpleasant, pungent smell of chlorine .
Ecology and phenology
The shield-shaped disc laurel grows as a saprobiont preferably in alluvial forests in company with deciduous trees such as ash, alder and maple. The fruiting bodies occur both on the ground between grasses and mosses and directly on rotten wood. The species, which was only discovered in Switzerland in 1970, is rare, even though evidence from other countries such as Germany, Italy and the former Yugoslavia are now available.
The fruiting bodies are formed in the spring from April to May.
meaning
The plate-shaped Lorchel is not an edible mushroom .
Individual evidence
literature
- ↑ a b c Josef Breitenbach, Fred Kränzlin (ed.): Pilze der Schweiz. Contribution to knowledge of the fungal flora in Switzerland. Volume 1: Ascomycetes (Ascomycetes). Mykologia, Luzern 1981, ISBN 3-85604-010-2 , p. 62.
- ^ Proof of a find near Kassel 1973, PDF document, accessed on September 24, 2013
Web links
- Discina parma. In: Funghi in Italia / funghiitaliani.it. Retrieved September 24, 2013 (Italian, microscopic and macroscopic photos of the shield-shaped Lorchel disc).