Słobity
| Słobity | |||
|---|---|---|---|
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| Basic data | |||
| State : | Poland | ||
| Voivodeship : | Warmia-Masuria | ||
| Powiat : | Braniewo | ||
| Gmina : | Wilczęta | ||
| Geographic location : | 54 ° 8 ' N , 19 ° 48' E | ||
| Residents : | 549 (2007) | ||
| Telephone code : | (+48) 55 | ||
| License plate : | NBR | ||
Słobity ( German Schlobitten ) is a village in Poland . It belongs to the municipality of Wilczęta in the Braniewski powiat , Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship in the former East Prussia .
history
The names of the place as Slobita , Slobithe , Slobuthe and Schlobitten were of Prussian origin. In 1525 the property came to Peter zu Dohna (1483–1553) and remained in the von Dohna family from 1589 to 1945 without interruption . The headquarters of the Dohna-Schlobitten family was located here . Schlobitten is located northeast of the city of Prussian Holland, in the district of the same name in the province of East Prussia. The place is of Prussian origin, was owned by the von Marwitz family in the 15th century and then owned by the von Landgreff family until the beginning of the 16th century. In 1525, Peter Burggraf zu Dohna (1482–1553), on Carwinds, with the farm and village of Schlobitten, was given "what are the estates of Hans von Haubitz".
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Peter Dohna's son, Achatius I (1533–1601), had the existing medieval manor house built and expanded around 1589 and took up residence there. Elector Johann Sigismund von Brandenburg also stayed in this house in 1611 when he was passing through to Königsberg. The son of Count Achatius, Abraham II. Burgrave and Count zu Dohna (1579–1631), who was trained in engineering and fortress construction , finally had a completely new castle built on an H-shaped floor plan in the late Renaissance style in 1621–1624 - probably next to the old manor house , of which an old view on a Dohna family tree has been handed down and for which he himself had made very precise draft drawings (floor plans and sections). After the castle was devastated and looted during the Swedish-Polish War in 1629, Abraham had it rebuilt. It was a two-story, massive plastered building with a basement and the Renaissance dwelling with three-zone tail gables, which had two floors. In 1627 a gallery-like single-storey library building (33 m long and 6 m deep) was erected in the northern line of the castle, in an easterly direction and only slightly separated from the main building. The elongated gallery was spanned by groin vaults. The new construction of the palace in the baroque style was commissioned by Alexander zu Dohna (1661–1728). The construction dragged on from 1696 to 1736. The architects were Jean Baptiste Broebes (1660-1720) and Johann Caspar Hindersin (1667-1738).
The finished castle was an East Prussian royal castle, with the task of serving as accommodation for the Prussian king on his travels.
In 1945 the castle was destroyed by arson after the Red Army marched in. Today only the walls surrounding the building remain.
traffic
The former Słobity station is on the Malbork – Braniewo railway and was the start of the Schlobitten – Bischdorf (Ostpr) railway .
Sons and daughters of the place
- Alexander Fabian zu Dohna-Schlobitten (1781–1850), Lieutenant Colonel
- Karl Friedrich Emil zu Dohna-Schlobitten (1784-1859), field marshal
- Bernhard Kaewel (1862–1917), Mayor of Ruhrort, Lord Mayor of Schweidnitz
- Alfred Oehlke (1862–1932), journalist and newspaper publisher
literature
- Christian Krollmann: Schlobitter memories of the year 1807. In: Oberländische Geschichtsblätter. Issue 9, Königsberg 1907, pp. 1-13.
- Christian Krollmann: King Friedrich Wilhelm III. and Queen Luise in Schlobitten 1802. In: Oberländische Geschichtsblätter, Vol. 3 (Issue 11–15), Königsberg 1909–1913
- Richard Dethlefsen: Town and country houses in East Prussia, Munich 1918.
- Anton Ulbrich : History of sculpture in East Prussia from the end of the 16th to the 2nd half of the 19th century , Volume 2, Königsberg 1929, pp. 454–475.
- Carl von Lorck: East Prussian manor houses, Königsberg 1933
- Ernst Gall: Teutonic Order of Prussia, edited with the help of Bernhard Schmid and Grete Tiemann. In: Georg Dehio, Handbuch der Deutschen Kunstdenkmäler, Munich, Berlin 1952
- Carl von Lorck: East Prussian manor houses. Design and cultural content, Kitzingen 1953
- Ursula Countess zu Dohna: Gardens and parks in East Prussia. 400 years of garden art, Herford 1993
- Wulf D. Wagner: Stations on a coronation journey - castles and manor houses in East Prussia , catalog for the exhibition. Wagner, Berlin 2001.
- Alexander Prince zu Dohna-Schlobitten: Memories of an old East Prussia . Rautenberg in the publishing house Würzburg, Würzburg 2006, ISBN 3-8003-3115-2 .
- Alexander Prince zu Dohna, Christine Mertens, Carl Grommelt, Lothar Graf zu Dohna, Christian Krollmann: The Dohna Castle Schlobitten in East Prussia . 2nd Edition. W. Kohlhammer-Verlag, Stuttgart 1965, ( architectural and art monuments of the German East . Series B, 5).
- Friedrich Graf zu Dohna-Schlobitten: The way of the Schlobitter inventory since 1943. In: Schönhausen. Rococo and Cold War. The eventful history of a castle and its garden, ed. from the Prussian Palaces and Gardens Foundation Berlin-Brandenburg, Potsdam 2009, pp. 146–148
- Guido Hinterkeuser: Between politics, economy and representation - Berlin and the great castles of the Prussian nobility (Dohna, Dönhoff, Finckenstein). In: Land estates in the regions of the common cultural heritage of Germany and Poland - emergence, decay and preservation (= The common cultural heritage, vol. 4), Warsaw 2007
- Lothar Graf zu Dohna: The Dohnas and their houses. Profile of a European noble family, 2 vols., Göttingen 2013, ISBN 978-3-8353-1237-1 .
Web links
- Information about the place (Polish)
- Central and State Library Berlin - Duncker Collection: Schlobitten (pdf; 215 kB)